• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.229-247
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to provide the improvement basis for Dental Hygiene education program by analyzing the current implement status of Dental Hygiene curriculum in Korea and comparing the status with the US ADA standard. The researcher analyzed the Dental Hygiene syllabus limiting "Dental prophxis", "Comprehensive dental hygiene" subjects only from 31 universities which offer 3 years program. The main interest was to figure the implementing status of the curriculum and to compare the actual teaching content with the CODA 2-17 standard. The results show that there are a number of problems in implementing the Dental Hygiene courses among different universities. First, there is a significant inconsistence among schools in terms of course title, total credit, hours, the ratio for theory and practice, etc. In addition, there is a big gap between the actual content of Dental Hygiene courses and the essential/required content of CODA 2-17 standard. For instance, most of the Dental Hygiene programs in Korea cover the overall assessment stage content and some of implementation stage content. However, very few programs deal with the planning and evaluation stage content. To improve these problematic circumstance a number of suggestions were made. Developing the standardized curriculum for the Dental Hygiene program might be one of the major solutions. Next, the regular accreditation and/or assessment system for the Dental Hygiene program should be developed. This research can provide the basis for the need to assess and improve the Dental Hygiene curriculum.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.51-60
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• 2018

This study aims to compare the word decoding skills, phonological awareness (PA), rapid automatized naming (RAN) skills, and letter knowledge of first graders with developmental dyslexia (DD) and those who were typically developing (TD). Eighteen children with DD and eighteen TD children, matched by nonverbal intelligence and discourse ability, participated in the study. Word decoding of Korean language-based reading assessment(Pae et al., 2015) was conducted. Phoneme-grapheme correspondent words were analyzed according to whether the word has meaning, whether the syllable has a final consonant, and the position of the grapheme in the syllable. Letter knowledge asked about the names and sounds of 12 consonants and 6 vowels. The children's PA of word, syllable, body-coda, and phoneme blending was tested. Object and letter RAN was measured in seconds. The decoding difficulty of non-words was more noticeable in the DD group than in the TD one. The TD children read the syllable initial and syllable final position with 99% correctness. Children with DD read with 80% and 82% correctness, respectively. In addition, the DD group had more difficulty in decoding words with two patchims when compared with the TD one. The DD group read only 57% of words with two patchims correctly, while the TD one read 91% correctly. There were significant differences in body-coda PA, phoneme level PA, letter RAN, object RAN, and letter-sound knowledge between the two groups. This study confirms the existence of Korean developmental dyslexics, and the urgent need for the inclusion of a Korean-specific phonics approach in the education system.

• 지구물리와물리탐사
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.249-253
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• 2011

한반도 남동부지역 지진자료의 고유감쇠($Q_i^{-1}$)와 산란감쇠($Q_s^{-1}$)값을 바탕으로 다중산란모델에 의한 이론코다감쇠 값(${Q_{Cexp}}^{-1}$)을 구하고 단일산란 모델의 관측 코다감쇠값($Q_C^{-1}$) 및 고유 및 산란 감쇠상수 값($Q_i^{-1}$, $Q_s^{-1}$)과 비교하였다. 그 결과, ${Q_{Cexp}}^{-1}$ 값은 $Q_i^{-1}$값에 근접한 전형적인 모습이나, $Q_C^{-1}$값이 고주파수 대역을 제외한 대부분의 구간에서 ${Q_{Cexp}}^{-1}$ 값과 상이한 것으로 나타났다. 향후 이러한 연구는 깊이에 따라 변화하는 감쇠값을 고려하여 진행되어야 할 것이다.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2021

인공신경망 기계번역(Neural Machine Translation, NMT)은 한정된 개수의 단어만을 번역에 이용하기 때문에 사전에 등록되지 않은 단어들이 입력으로 들어올 가능성이 있다. 이러한 Out of Vocabulary(OOV) 문제를 완화하고자 고안된 방법이 서브 워드 분절(Subword Tokenization)이며, 이는 문장을 단어보다 더 작은 서브 워드 단위로 분할하여 단어를 구성하는 방법론이다. 본 논문에서는 일반적인 서브 워드 분절 알고리즘들을 다루며, 나아가 한국어의 무한한 용언 활용을 잘 다룰 수 있는 사전을 만들기 위해 한국어의 음절 중 종성을 분리하여 서브 워드 분절을 학습하는 새로운 방법론을 제안한다. 실험결과 본 논문에서 제안하는 방법론이 기존의 서브 워드 분리 방법론보다 높은 성능을 거두었다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제84권3호
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• pp.188-199
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• 2021

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common chronic respiratory disease with increased prevalence in the elderly. Telomeres are repetitive DNA sequences found at the end of the chromosome, which progressively shorten as cells divide. Telomere length is known to be a molecular marker of aging. This study aimed to assess the relationship between telomere length and the risk of COPD, lung function, respiratory symptoms, and emphysema index in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Dusty Areas (CODA) cohort. Methods: We extracted DNA from the peripheral blood samples of 446 participants, including 285 COPD patients and 161 control participants. We measured absolute telomere length using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. All participants underwent spirometry and quantitative computed tomography scan. Questionnaires assessing respiratory symptoms and the COPD Assessment Test was filled by all the participants. Results: The mean age of participants at the baseline visit was 72.5±7.1 years. Males accounted for 72% (321 participants) of the all participants. The mean telomere length was lower in the COPD group compared to the non-COPD group (COPD, 16.81±13.90 kb; non-COPD, 21.97±14.43 kb). In COPD patients, 112 (75.7%) were distributed as tertile 1 (shortest), 91 (61.1%) as tertile 2 and 82 (55%) as tertile 3 (longest). We did not find significant associations between telomere length and lung function, exacerbation, airway wall thickness, and emphysema index after adjusting for sex, age, and smoking status. Conclusion: In this study, the relationship between various COPD phenotypes and telomere length was analyzed, but no significant statistical associations were shown.

• 음성과학
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.37-51
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• 2008

The main goal of this study is to examine if there is a difference in the utilization of a vowel length cue between Korean and Japanese L2 learners of English in their perception and production of postvocalic coda contrast in English. Given that Japanese subjects' performances on the identification and production tasks were much better than Korean subjects' performance, we may support the prediction based on the Feature Hypothesis which maintains that L1 phonological features can facilitate the perception of L2 acoustic cue. Since vowel length contrast is a phonological feature in Japanese but not in Korean, the tasks, which assess L2 leaners' ability to discriminate vowel length contrast in English, are much easier for the Japanese group than for the Korean group. Although the Japanese subjects demonstrated a better performance than the Korean subjects, the performance of the Japanese group was worse than that of the English control group. This finding implies that L2 learners, even Japanese learners, should be taught that the durational difference of the preceding vowels is the most important cue to differentiate postvocalic contrastive codas in English.

• 대한음성학회지:말소리
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• 제38호
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• pp.113-124
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• 1999

It is well known that Japanese prosodic structure assumes mora below the syllable tier. Syllables with V or CV structure are counted as having one morn whereas those with coda consonants /-pp, -tt, -kk, -ss, -N/ or long vowels are counted as having two morns in Japanese. This study measured the acoustic duration of these special moras ('tokusyuhaku') produced by Tokyo dialect speakers to see if they are isochronic with V or CV. It also examined the production of Korean(Seoul/Kyungsang dialect) and Chinese native speakers loaming Japanese as a second language to examine how the learners' first language influence their second language. Finally, it examined how speakers of the Akita dialect, which is blown as a syllabeme dialect in Japanese, produced them. The results showed that intra-speaker variation as well as inter-speaker variation was observed in the production by Akita dialect speakers. Production of native speakers of Chinese and Kyungsang dialect of Korean -- which have vowel length contrast in their phonological systems -- showed a similar result to Tokyo dialect speakers, which implies the influence of the learners' first language on the acquisition of the second language.

• 지구물리와물리탐사
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.277-285
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• 2010

한반도 지역은 Lg파가 일정거리 이상에서 최대진폭으로 발달한다. 남한 지역 Lg파의 ${Q_{Lg}}^{-1}$값은 두관측점법의 간격이 늘어날수록 신뢰성 있는 낮은 값이 얻어진다. 코다규격화법, 다중지연시간창법 등의 방법에서도 공통적으로 얻어진 한반도의 Lg파 감쇠상수는 지진 안정지대와 연관되는 매우 낮은 값이 나타나고 있다.

• 대한음성학회지:말소리
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• 제57호
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• pp.31-42
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to observe how Korean learners perceive an English weak syllable in words containing WS syllable pattern. According to the automated discrimination task using E-Prime, the ratio of correct answer(%) and reaction time of the stimuli with same syllable patterns were respectively higher and faster than those with different syllable patterns. Specifically, in the stimuli with different syllable patterns, the frequency(familiarity) of stressed word succeeding weak syllable and whether the weak syllable had coda in it were two important factors in distinguishing between a word with and without weak syllable. Even though the high English proficiency Koreans had faster reaction time than the low English proficiency Koreans, all Korean learners had a difficulty in perceiving the weak syllable at the beginning of a word.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.29-34
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• 1977

본 연구에서는 현재 사용되는 한글 모오스 부호가 정보이론에 의거한 합리적인 부호가 되지 못한다는 점을 지적하였고 이를 개선하기 위하여 한글의 사용빈도에 대한 통계를 고려한 합리적인 한글 모오스 부호를 제안하였으며 더 나아가서 26개 문자방식을 채택하는 경우가 24개 한글 기본문자만 채택하는 경우에 비하여 정보의 전송속도 면에서 어떠한 영향을 주는가를 검토하였다. 이 결과로 제안된 한글 모오스 부호는 현재 사용되고 있는 한글 모오스 부호보다 부호의 평균 길이를 17% 단축시켰으며 따라서 통신속도가 21% 향상 된다는 결론이 나왔다.