• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.97-105
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• 2008

Subsocial behavior of the genus Cryptocercus cockroaches has been believed as primitive traits of termite eusociality. Thus, it has been believed that understanding Cryptocercus subsociality is a pre-requisite stage to infer evolutionary route of the eusociality in termites. Woodroaches of Cryptocercus are also well known because of its peculiar characteristics including adults living monogamously in pairs, semelparous reproduction, xylophagy, obligatory association between adults and their offspring, slow development, and anal trophallaxis by adults. Based on the previously accumulated data, we try to understand two major components of Cryptocercus life history, development and reproduction. We hypothesize that harsh winter and length of winter might be one of the main causes driving the appearance of the delayed development and semelparous reproduction in Cryptocercus life history.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Entomolohy Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.135-135
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• 2001

• Proceedings of the Zoological Society Korea Conference
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.97.2-97
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• 2000

No Abstract, See Full Text

• Proceedings of the Zoological Society Korea Conference
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.97.1-97
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• 2000

No Abstract, See Full Text

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.270-276
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• 1997

Bait formulations containing 50% micro-capsuled fenitrothion, 2.0% hydramethylnon or 0.8% chlorpyrifos were evaluated in an 8 week field experiment against German cockroach, Blattella germanica(L). In German cockroach infested 15 restaurants, micro-capsuled fenitrothion (avg. 82.8%) was more effective at reducing adult German cockroach populations than chlorpyrifos (avg. 68.4%), but was about equally as effective as hydramethylnon(avg. 86.1%). The baits of micro-capsuled fenitrothion (avg. 76.5%), hydramethylnon (avg. 82.8%) and chlorpyrifos (avg. 74.9%) almost equally reduced nymphal German cockroach populations in the field. Most baits remained in the bait stations at the heavily infested restaurants after the 8 week treatments. However, the contents of hydramethylnon baits had been subject to significantly greatest consumption (0.72g) and the remaining bait was on the average of 57% by German cockroaches. It was assumed that the previous phenomenon of extra consumption of bait was explained by the infesting cockroaches continuously taking these baits because of the mode of action, the bait food material and the population densities of German cockroaches.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.44 no.1 s.137
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• pp.73-79
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• 2006

We evaluated the efficacy of health education in reducing indoor arthropod allergens in Seoul. The mite control measures comprised the use of mite-proof mattress and pillow coverings, regular washing of potentially infested materials, maintenance of a low humidity, removal of carpets, and frequent vacuum cleaning. Cockroach control measures included trapping, application of insecticides, and protecting food. Of 201 homes enrolled in October 1999, 63 volunteers were included in a 2-year follow-up survey between April 2000 and January 2002. Before intervention, the density of mites/g of dust varied greatly; 27.1/g in children's bedding, 20/g in adult bedding, 7.2/g on the floors of children's bedrooms, 6.8/g in sofas, 5.9/g on the floors of adult's bedrooms, 3.9/g on living room floors, 3.7/g in carpets, and 1.9 mites/g on kitchen floors. The predominant mite species and house percentages infested were; Dermatophagoides farinae $93\%$, D. pteronyssinus $9\%$, and Tyrophagus putrescentiae $8\%$. Comparing 1999 and 2001 infestations, before and after 25 mo of education, mite abundance was reduced by $98\%$, from 23.7 to 0.57 mites/g of dust. In 1999, cockroaches were detected in $62\%$ homes: $36\%$ Blattella germanica and $35\%$ Periplaneta spp., including $9\%$ double infestations of B. germanica and P. americana. Following intervention, cockroach infestation rates decreased to $22\%$ of houses in 2000 and $23\%$ in 2001. We conclude that continuous and repetitive health education resulted in the effective control of domestic arthropods.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.58 no.5
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• pp.537-542
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• 2020

Cockroaches inhabit various habitats, which will influence their microbiome. Although the microbiome can be influenced by the diet and environmental factors, it can also differ between species. Therefore, we conducted 16S rDNA-targeted high-throughput sequencing to evaluate the overall bacterial composition of the microbiomes of 3 cockroach species, Periplaneta americana, P. japonica, and P. fuliginosa, raised in laboratory for several generations under the same conditions. The experiments were conducted using male adult cockroaches. The number of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) was not significantly different among the 3 species. With regard to the Shannon and Pielou indexes, higher microbiome values were noted in P. americana than in P. japonica and P. fuliginosa. Microbiome composition was also evaluated, with endosymbionts accounting for over half of all OTUs in P. japonica and P. fuliginosa. Beta diversity analysis further showed that P. japonica and P. fuliginosa had similar microbiome composition, which differed from that of P. americana. However, we also identified that P. japonica and P. fuliginosa host distinct OTUs. Thus, although microbiome compositions may vary based on multiple conditions, it is possible to identify distinct microbiome compositions among different Periplaneta cockroach species, even when the individuals are reared under the same conditions.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.391-405
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• 1995

Cockroach survey on the relative density from 7 different habitats including hotel-ins, tea-rooms restaurants, hospitals, apartments, and resident hoses were conducted in 3 District(Ku) areas in Suwon city during the period of February through October, 1994. of a total of 3.039 trap sets, Cockroaches were collected from 1,435 traps, comprised of a 47.22% positive trap-rate. Chinese restaurants were shown to be the highest positive trap-rate of 72.67% of the total while the other habitats such as Korean restaurants, apartments, resident hoses, tea-rooms, hotel-inns, and hospitals were 60.67%, 58.61%, 52.22%, 38.67%, 24.88%, and 17.54%, respectively. Blattella germanica was shown to be the highest population density of 55.01 individuals/trap/week comprised of 97.36% of the total during survey period whereas the other 3 species, Periplaneta japonica, P. americana, and P. fuliginosa constituted in lesser extent of 2.35%, 0.14%, respectively. Of a total of 7 different cockroach breeding habitats, higher population density per trap/week was from restaurants with averages of 20.56 and 8.31 cockroaches from Chinese and Koran restaurants, respectively. An intermediate extent of density was observed from apartments, tea rooms and resident houses with 5.33, 3.79 and 3.53 individuals, respectively. Lower relative densities of cockroaches were observed from hospitals and hotel-inns with averages of 0.18 and 1.00 individuals per trap/week, respectively.

• Entomological Research
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.459-465
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• 2018

The present study evaluated the efficacy of Maxforce gel baits containing 0.01% fipronil (Maxforce), 0.05% fipronil (Maxforce Magnum), 1.0% clothianidin (Maxforce Impact), and 0.6% indoxacarb (Avion gel bait; all from Bayer Environmental Science, Clayton, CA, USA) against reference and wild strains (Mobasher, Andisheh, Tamin-e Ejtemaei, and Maskoni) of German cockroach collected in 2016. Test design and bait placement were according to World Health Organization (WHO) procedures for efficacy achieving a 95% mortality rate. Although cockroaches fed on all gel baits, gel baits containing clothianidin and indoxacarb were eaten at higher rates than gel baits containing 0.01% and 0.05% fipronil. The cumulative mortality rates reached 100% for all cockroach strains at 32, 28, 28 and 40 h after eating baits containing 0.01% fipronil, 0.05% fipronil, clothianidin, and indoxacarb, respectively. Efficacy (a 95% mortality rate) after exposure (consumption) of gel baits containing 0.05% fipronil and clothianidin was seen after 28 h, compared with 32 h for 0.01% fipronil and 40 h for indoxacarb. In conclusion, commercial gel baits have improved and may be more effective than spray formulations against German cockroaches.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.58 no.5
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• pp.583-587
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• 2020

Blastocystis sp. is a kind of protozoa living in the intestinal tract of human and animals, which will cause intestinal diseases such as diarrhea, abdominal distension and vomiting. This paper was aimed to understand the infection of Blastocystis sp. In golden monkeys and the transmission path in North China. Thirty-seven feces samples from golden monkeys and 116 cockroach samples from Shijiazhuang Zoo were collected from July to October 2019 for PCR analysis of Blastocystis sp. Genetic diversity analysis was further conducted on the samples with positive PCR results. The results showed that the infection rate was 48.7% (18/37) in golden monkeys and 82.8% (96/116) in cockroaches, respectively. The genetic evolution analysis based on small subunit ribosomal RNA demonstrated that three subtypes (ST) of Blastocystis sp. including ST1, ST2, and ST3 existed in the intestinal tract of golden monkeys, while only ST2 was detected in the intestinal tract of cockroaches. This paper may provide supports for the quarantine and control of Blastocystis sp. for the zoo in Northern China.