• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.214-226
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• 2013

To understand the changing patterns in phytoplankton communities, we conducted 12 surveys along the Nakdong River, its estuary, and adjacent coastal areas between January 2011 and October 2012 (during the period of barrage construction and sediment dredging). Monthly precipitation ranged from 0 to 502 mm during the survey period, and salinity ranged between 0.1 psu and 0.3 psu in the Nakdong River, regardless of the depth, indicating no seawater influence, while salinity showed large seasonal fluctuations in the estuarine and coastal station, ranging from 0.1 psu to 34.8 psu. A total of 402 phytoplankton species were identified, 178 species from the river and 331 species from the estuary and coastal areas. Phytoplankton standing crop increased in 2012 compared to that in 2011, and was found to be highest in the river, followed by the estuary and coastal areas. Among the top 20 species in frequency of occurrence and dominance, Stephanodiscus spp., Aulacoseira granulata, and Aulacoseira granulata var. angustissima and Pseudo-nitzschia spp. were important species along the river-estuary-coastal areas. Diatoms were the major taxonomic group inhabiting the Nakdong river-estuary-coastal areas. A comparison of seasonal dominant phytoplankton species revealed a slight decrease over the years, from 13 species in 2011 to 10 species in 2012. However, no significant difference was found in the diversity of phytoplankton species between the two survey years, although lightly greater diversity was observed in the coastal areas than in the river and estuary. Cluster analysis with community composition data revealed that the community structure varied significantly in 2011 depending on the time of survey, while in 2012, it hardly showed any variation and was simpler. An increase in the phytoplankton standing crop, fewer dominant species, and simpler community structure in 2012 compared to those in 2011 are probably due to the rapid environmental changes along the Nakdong River. To investigate these ecological relationships, it is necessary to conduct further studies focusing on integrated analyses of biocenosis, including phytoplankton with respect to the changes in nutrient distribution, variation of freshwater discharge, and effect area of freshwater in the Nakdong estuary and adjacent coastal areas.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.821-832
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• 2015

The aims of this study are to estimate the optimal vessel reduction scales and these direct economic effects of coastal and offshore fisheries in the Republic of Korea. To estimate respectively optimal fishing efforts of individual fishery by species in coastal and offshore fisheries, we adopted appropriate fishing power of each species published by National Fisheries Research and Development Institute and also considered biological and socio-economic factors such as the bycatch rate, the profit rate, the efficiency of resource use, the average age of fishing vessel, the intention of vessel reduction, and the annual changes in vessels by other factors. The direct economic effects of the optimal vessel reduction in coastal and offshore fisheries based on maximum sustainable yield and 2/3 maximum sustainable yield was calculated by a cost-benefit analysis. This study showed that optimal reduction numbers of vessels engaged in coastal and offshore fisheries were 4,431 and 374 vessels and the direct economic effects in coastal and offshore fisheries were about 371.7 and 569.4 billion won and these NPV and BCR were 111.7 billion won and 1.65 and 342.6 billion won and 4.97 respectively.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.21 no.sup1
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• pp.74-74
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• 2009

The perciform suborder Labroidei comprising six families (Cichlidae, Embiotocidae, Pomacentridae, Labridae, Odacidae, and Scaridae) are characterized by having the specialized pharyngeal jaws for food processing, i.e., united fifth ceratobranchials and upper pharyngeal jaw articulating with the basicranium via diarthroses (Stiassny and Jensen, 1987). They usually inhabit in the most tropical and subtropical seas and comprise about 235 genera and roughly 2,274 species worldwide (Nelson, 2006). Concerning the Korean labroid fishes, Mori (1952) had listed 18 genera and 26 species belong to four families in his check list of Korean fishes since Jordan and Metz (1913) firstly reported six genera and seven species in only two families (Embiotocidae and Labridae). Chyung (1977) added two species, Tilapia mossambica and Cirrhilabrus temmincki, to Mori’s list and also classified them into three suborders, i.e., Embiotocina (containing only Embiotocidae), Pomacentrina (Cichlidae and Pomacentridae), and Labrina (Labridae and Scaridae). Subsequently, Lee and Kim (1996) reviewed the Korean labroidfishes taxonomically resulting in 22 genera and 32 species in five families with some taxonomical modifications including a new Korean record. It is remarkable to be added many new Korean recordsto the pomacentrids or the labrids for recent 10 years (Koh et al., 1995; Yoo et al., 1995; Koh et al., 1997; Myoung, 1997; Choi and Kim, 2000; Choi et al., 2002; Kim and Go, 2003). Recently, Kim et al. (2005) briefly described all members of the Korean Labroidei with a color photograph or a figure, recognizing 27 genera and 42 species in five families. In the present study, the current taxonomical status of the Korean labroid fishes including distributional features is summarized based both on specimens collected from the Korean waters and on literature survey to provide bio-information of the Korean native fish species. As a result, the Korean labroid fishes totally consist of 27 genera and 44 species in five families, that is, Cichlidae (1 species), Embiotocidae (3), Pomacentridae (15), Labridae (22), and Scaridae (2). They distributed mainly in the coastal waters of the South Sea, Korea, however, most pomacentrids or labrids occur in the coastal waters of Jeju Island only, although some species were observed in their larval or juvenile stages only from coastal waters of the island. Interestingly, several species are expanding their distribution north to Ulreung and Dok islands in the East Sea, Korea lately.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.53-63
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• 2004

Planting models for restoration forest on the seaside have been demanded because coastal reclaimed land has increased for habitation sites, industrial complexes and new towns on the west seaside of Korea. The planting models have to consider endurance for bad environmental conditions in order to make a role to protect the urban space against the extreme seaside environment. The dominant species, relative impotance value, individuals and species number were analysed in natural forests that were exposed to extreme seaside conditions in Deokjeok island and Younghung island, Incheon. The native species such as Pinus thunbergii and Pinus densiflora, which survive on the seaside, were mainly recommended because the coastal reclaimed land had extreme environmental conditions. Stable vegetation structures could be made by multi-layer planing by using these species. A diverse vegetation community could be made according to these planting models. The maritime forests made by these planting models might be more effective for environmental adaptation and a windbreak forest than alone tree, and the young trees below 3m height could easily adapt to these conditions.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.525-537
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• 2018

The Korean coast is divided into the West Korea Coastal zone (WKC), the South Coastal zone of Korea (SCK), the East Korea Coastal zone (EKC), and Jeju Coastal zone of Korea (JCK). Each coastal zone has different marine environment characteristics. This study analyzed zooplankton data of KOEM (Korea Environment Management Corporation) collected in the Korean coastal waters the spring and summer of 2015 and 2016. In spring, water temperature was lowest in the JCK, and gradually increased in the order of EKC, SCK, and WKC, while in summer lowest in WKC and increased in the order of EKC, SCK, and JCK. Salinity was lowest in WKC which had many rivers flowing inland, and increased in the order of SCK, EKC and JCK in spring. In summer it was lowest in JCK and increased toward WKC, SCK, and EKC. In summer, Chlorophyll-a concentrations were generally low, but was lowest in JCK in spring. In the study area, a total of 77 species occurred, of which 50 species did in spring and 65 species in summer. The number of species was lowest in JCK and highest in SCK in spring and summer, respectively. Paracalanus parvus s. l. was the most dominant species or the second dominant species in Korean coastal areas in spring, but it was predominant in summer. In addition, in spring Acartia hongi, Calanus sinicus, Oithona similis were predominant in WKC, Oithona similis and Corycaeus affinis in SCK, O. similis and Corycaeus sp. in EKC, C. affinis and O. setigera in JCK. In summer Corycaeus spp., O. similis, A. hongi, Tortanus forcipatus were predominant in WKC, C. affinis, Pseudodiaptomus marinus in SCK, O. similis, A. omorii, Corycaeus sp. in EKC, and A. steueri, A. pacifica, Oithona sp., C. sinicus in JCK. The copepod community in the Korean coastal areas were classified into four areas, WKC-western SCK, eastern SCK, EKC and JCK according to differences in environmental factors such as water temperature, salinity, Chl-a concentration, and suspended matter concentration of each coastal area.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.33-44
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• 1990

A study on the distribution and community structure of benthic molluscan shells of the northern coastal area in Cheju Island was carried out from July 1989 to June 1990. The benthic molluscan shells collected and identified were composed of 3 classes, 9 orders, 29 familes and 81 species. The first dominant species of the wpper intertidal zone of the northern coastal area in Cheju Island was Nodilittorina exigua and second dominant species were Heminerita japonica, Monodenta neritoides, Monodota neritoides, Littorina brevicula, those of middle intertidal zone were Lunella coronata coreensis, Monodonta neritoides and Omphalius rusticus. H. japonica, M. neritoides, O. rusticus, L. coronata coreensis and Niotha livescens were dominant in the lower intertidal zone, and Astralium haematragum was dominant in the infralittoral zone of within 60 feet sea water depth. The benthic molluscan standing biomass of intertidal and infralittoral zones were 145.71-705.55 gr/ /m sup 2 / and 84.57-1645.67 gr/m sup 2/ respectively, But thao among area and zones were apparently differences.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.429-436
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• 2017

The seasonal and interannual variations in fish assemblages in the coastal waters off Gijang were examined with an otter trawl from 2015 to 2016. A total of 59 fish species was collected during the study period. The dominant species were Caelorinchus multispinulosus, Clupea pallasii pallasii and Chelidonichthys spinosus. Seasonal changes in fish assemblages appeared to be distinct in the study area. The fish assemblages in summer and autumn were clearly distinguishable from those in other seasons, and the largest numbers of species and individuals were captured in winter and summer, respectively. Because fish assemblages are closely related to changes in water temperature, long-term changes in water temperature can have a significant impact on the productivity of offshore fisheries by changing fish species composition, habitat migration, and growth rate of fish.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.241-251
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• 2018

To find unrecorded diatom species, random materials were collected from the freshwater, brackish water, and coastal waters. Benthic and periphytic diatoms were sampled from twelve localities. Thirteen species belonging to eight genera are newly added to the national flora of diatom. In the intertidal areas, the five species are new to Korea, Anaulus minutus Grunow, Anaulus simonsenii Witkowski & Metzeltin, Eunotogramma laeve Grunow, Eunotogramma productum Grunow, and Nitzschia subcapitellata Hustedt. The following two species are new from brackish waters, Chamaepinnularia krookiformis (Krammer) Lange-Bertalot & Krammer and Cymatoneis ovalis Heiden. The following four species are new from mountain peatlands, Geissleria ignota (Krasske) Lange-Bertlaot & Metzeltin, Chamaepinnularia hassiaca (Krasske) Cantonati & Lange-Bertalot, Chamaepinnularia mediocris (Krasske) Lange-Bertalot and Pinnularia linearidivergens Kulikovskiy, Lange-Bertalot & Metzeltin. The following two species are new from river or streams, Cymbella hustedtii var. compacta Krammer and Cymbella stigmaphora ${\emptyset}strup$.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 2024

Our study aimed to investigate the diversity of tintinnid species in Korea by collecting samples from coastal waters. As a result, we identified and redescribed three newly recorded species of the genus Tintinnopsis Stein, 1867 and one previously recorded species of the genus Antetintinnopsis Wang et al., 2021 in Korea. The loricae morphology and molecular phylogeny based on the 18S rDNA sequences of these four were analyzed. Tintinnopsis kiaochowensis Yin, 1956 is characterized by having an irregular collar with spiral turns and an obconical-shaped bowl. Tintinnopsis orientalis Kofoid and Campbell, 1929 is characterized by the inverted bell-shaped lorica with size of 121-140×86-94 ㎛. Tintinnopsis parvula Jörgensen, 1912 is characterized by its narrower collar than bowl and acute angle of the bowl (39-75°). The recorded species, Antetintinnopsis gracilis (Kofoid and Campbell, 1929) Wang et al., 2021 is characterized by a cylindrical collar narrower than the bowl width and with a size of 98-131×37-46 ㎛.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.158-172
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• 2022

The distribution of seabirds was investigated in 24-34 major coastal wetlands in Korea from 2015 to 2019. During the study period, seven orders, 16 families, and 111 species were observed, and the largest number of species (51-89 species) was recorded in 2018. 92,821-265,783 individuals per year were observed with the largest number in 2018. The largest number of species (55-72 species) was observed in the southern sites of Jeollado, and the largest number of individuals (annual average of 62,542 individuals) was found in Chungcheong regions. The largest number of seabird species (68 species) was observed at the Suncheon Bay site in 2016, and the largest number of individuals (95,399 individuals) was observed at Biin and Jangan sites in 2018. In terms of the habitat type of seabirds, at the family level, shorebirds appeared most frequently with an average of 38%, followed by waterfowl, wading birds, seabirds, and raptors. With regard to legally protected species, eight protected marine species, 19 endangered wildlife species (Level I: six species, Level II: 13 species), and twelve natural monument species were observed. Overall, there was a significant difference in the number of species and individuals of seabirds in the Korean coastal wetlands during the research period. This suggests the importance of conducting systematic and continuous seabird surveys and developing a conservation policy considering habitat characteristics.