• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.271-276
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• 2001

In this study, We endeavored to revaluate the effects of different types of clothing and colors on clothing microclimate in the subjects wearing sports wear at sunlight environment. This study was conducted 4 different kinds (cotton 100%) of clothing ensembles, that was W-1(long trousers and shirt of white color), B-1 (long trousers and shirt of black color), W-s (short trousers and shirt white color), B-s (short trousers and shirt black color) and were done in a climate chamber under sunlight ambient temperature ($33.67{\pm}1.8^{\circ}C$, $46.0{\pm}8.5%RH$) by three males subject who are in good healthy. Start a 20-min rest period, 20-min bouts of exercise and final 20-min recovery period were performed. The kinetic load was given for 20 minutes under the condition of 6.0 km/hr walking speed on the treadmill. The results is as followed In case of same type of garment, temperature within clothing which is based on difference of color the white ensemble keeps higher temperature than black one. According to distribution chart of temperature within clothing in case of chest, white one shows higher temperature than black one, in case of back, black one shows higher temperature than white one. Difference of heart rate was so clear and sequence is W-1>B-1>W-s>B-s, so we could find same tendency with temperature within clothing.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.531-537
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to review physiological responses and subjective sensations in the cold environment when the subjects wore ensemble with different clo values. Seven healthy male subjects participated in this experiment. This experiment was conducted in a climatic chamber with $-10^sC$ and 50%RH. Subjects wore five different kinds of ensemble[C1 (4.453 clo), C2 (3.452 clo), C3 (2.865 clo), C4 (2.387 clo), and C5 (2.280 clo)]. The experiment was composed of 20 min of rest period, 20min of treadmill exercise(6 km/h) period, 30 min of recovery period. We monitored skin temperature on 7 sites, clothing microclimate and subjective sensations. The clo value had positive correlations with mean skin temperature and clothing microclimate. The subjects feel more warm and humid as the clo value goes up. The subjects reported comfort when they wore C1 and C2 ensemble having over 3 clo value. However, they felt less comfortable during the exercise period since there was high humidity. Skin temperature on the extremities were more dramatically changed by the exercise rather than clo value. Thus it seems that in the cold environment, heat balance can mostly be controlled by the choice of clothing, and the clothes with high clo values can provide higher insulation. In conclusion, our findings suggest that it would be more effective to control clo value depending on the activity level for maintaining comfort level in the cold environment.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.1-9
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of two kinds of underwear material on subjects exercising and resting in an ambient temperature of $20^{\circ}C$, a relative humidity of 60% and an air velocity of 0.13m $see^{-1}$. Two kinds of underwear ensemble were tested, differing in their hygroscopic properties: 100% wool (W) with higher moisture regain and 100% cotton (C) with lower moisture regain. Five young females served as subjects. The experiments comprised two repeated periods of 15 min exercise on a treadmill with a speed of 6km $h^{-1}$ followed by 10 min rest. The main results were as follows: 1) Mean skin temperature was significantly higher in W than in C throughout the whole experimental period (p<0.05). 2) The temperature and humidity of the microclimate between the skin and underwear provided by the first layer of clothing was higher in W than in C (p<0.1 and p<0.05, for temperature and humidity, respectively). 3) Heart rate was significantly higher in W than in C (p<0.05). 4) Subjects felt warmer during the second exercise session when wearing wool rather than cotton (p<0.05), and they also reported more increased wetness during the second exercise and rest periods in W than in C (p<0.05). These results suggest that underwear made of wool with higher moisture regain might not act as effectively as cotton to transfer exercise-induced heat from the body to the surrounding air when light exercise is taken in a thermally-neutral environment.