• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.1-27
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• 2019

The Committee on Pediatric Obesity of the Korean Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition newly developed the first Korean Guideline on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Obesity in Children and Adolescents to deliver an evidence-based systematic approach to childhood obesity in South Korea. The following areas were systematically reviewed, especially on the basis of all available references published in South Korea and worldwide, and new guidelines were established in each area with the strength of recommendations based on the levels of evidence: 1) definition and diagnosis of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents; 2) principles of treatment of pediatric obesity; 3) behavioral interventions for children and adolescents with obesity, including diet, exercise, lifestyle, and mental health; 4) pharmacotherapy; and 5) bariatric surgery.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제57권8호
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• pp.428-436
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• 2019

In cases of a patient referral, the general dentist should communicate the patient's dental information as clearly as possible to the specialist to whom he/she is referring his/her patient. For this reason, it is necessary to write a referral letter in an accurate and complete manner. The purpose of this study is to analyze the referral letters of patients who are referred to the department of conservative dentistry in a dental university hospital. From January, 2017 to December, 2018, we gathered the information of the patients who were referred to the department of conservative dentistry in a dental university hospital with referral letter. We evaluated the fidelity of a total of 750 referral letters and recorded the information of the referral dentist and the dental clinic. The relationship between each item and fidelity was analyzed using SPSS 18.0 program. The analysis of the contents of the referral letters yielded the following results: The fidelity of the referral letter was higher when the patient was referred during the root canal treatment, or when there was a root canal filling or when there was pain during chewing. The fidelity of referral letter was low in cases where the referring clinic is close to and has cooperative relationship with dental university hospital. Among the factors affecting the fidelity, the year of graduation of the referral dentist was the most influential. This study confirmed the fact that the clinical practice of writing patient referral letters still leaves much to be desired. In order to solve this problem, it is necessary to create more clear and standardized guidelines for writing referral letters.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.45-64
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• 2020

Purpose This study was to develop and study 'Diagnostic Index for the Ordinary Symptom of Soyangin'. Methods The main diagnosis and evaluation index symptoms of Soyangin were extracted based on 『Donguisusebowon』 and Clinical Practice Guidelines for Sasang Constitutional Medicine Symptomatology; CPG for soyangin. The selected ordinary symptoms were divided into 4 categories such as Exterior-Cold ordinary symptom (表寒素證), Exterior-Disease unfavorable's ordinary symptom (表病逆證素證), Interior-Heat ordinary symptom (裏熱素證), Interior-Disease unfavorable's ordinary symptom (裏病逆證素證) of Soyangin and translated into Korean. And the inclusion, importance and translation validity of major diagnosis and assessment indicators of Soyangin were surveyed online by a group of Sasang constitutional experts. Results & Conclusions 29 ordinary symptoms and pathological mechanism were selected from references and translated into 51 Korean symptoms. After inclusion yes or no survey by expert group, 45 symptoms were selected. The importance survey showed that 'Have a soft stool' of Exterior-Cold ordinary symptom indication, '(If you're stressed, if you're not in good health) Have a soft stool or diarrhea' of Exterior-Disease unfavorable's ordinary symptom, 'The feces harden easily' of Interior-Heat ordinary symptom and '(If you're stressed, if you're not in good health) Have an upset stomach' of Interior-Disease unfavorable's ordinary symptom were the most important. Finally, [Diagnostic Index for the Ordinary Symptom of Soyangin] was completed after survey of translation validity, reflection of individual opinions by the expert committee, and application of weighted value calculated from the importance survey.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.173-180
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• 2022

Purpose: The use of surgical stabilization of rib fractures (SSRF) has steadily increased over the past decade. Recent literature suggests that a larger population may benefit from SSRF, and that the geriatric population-as the highest-risk population-may receive the greatest improvement from these interventions. We sought to determine the overall utilization of SSRF in the United States. Methods: The National Trauma Database was analyzed between 2016 and 2017. The inclusion criteria were all patients ≥65 years old with rib fractures. We further stratified these patients according to age (65-79 vs. ≥80 years old), the presence of coding for flail chest, three or more rib fractures, and intervention (surgical vs. nonoperative management). The main outcomes were surgical interventions, mortality, pneumonia, length of stay, intensive care unit length of stay, ventilator use, and tracheostomy. Results: Overall, 93,638 patients were identified. SSRF was performed in 992 patients. Patients who underwent SSRF had improved mortality in the 65 to 79 age group, regardless of the number of ribs fractured. We identified 92,637 patients in the age group of 65 to 79 years old who did not undergo SSRF. This represents an additional 20,000 patients annually who may benefit from SSRF. Conclusions: By conservative standards and the well-established Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma clinical practice guidelines, SSRF is underutilized. Our data suggest that SSRF may be very beneficial for the geriatric population, specifically those aged 65 to 79 years with any rib fractures. We hypothesize that roughly 20,000 additional cases will meet the inclusion criteria for SSRF each year. It is therefore imperative that we train acute care surgeons in this skill set.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.80-98
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• 2022

외상후 스트레스 장애는 다양한 치료들에 대한 치료반응이 좋지 않아, 많은 임상가들에게 큰 도전이 되고 있다. 최근 발간된 여러 임상 진료지침들은 인지처리치료 및 지연노출치료를 포함한 트라우마 초점 정신치료들을 일차 치료로 공통적으로 권고하고 있다. 환자에게 근거에 기반한 치료적 선택지들에 대하여 정보를 제공함으로써 환자와 임상가가 함께 최선의 치료방법을 선택할 수 있도록 하는 것이 중요하며, 이를 위해 인지처리치료의 내용과 근거를 소개하는 것이 본 종설의 목적이다. 인지처리치료의 회기 구성과 내용을 요약하여 소개하고, 외상후 스트레스 장애에 대한 인지처리치료의 효과를 알아본 다양한 연구들을 민간인 집단과 재향군인/현역군인 집단으로 구분하여 제시하였다. 인지처리치료의 탈락율을 낮추고 치료성적을 올리며 치료접근도를 높일 수 있는 방법들 및 외상후 스트레스 장애에 대한 근거중심치료의 활성화를 위한 방안을 토의한다.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.231-242
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• 2023

Purpose : This study aimed to identify ways to improve the quality of physical therapy research and ultimately review the current situation to improve evidence-based decision-making in physical therapy. Methods : For better evidence-based decision-making in physical therapy, researchers should review the quality assessment of articles in more detail and report their findings for valid and appropriate level of evidence and strength of recommendations. The level of evidence affects how well the findings are derived from well-designed literature. The evaluation of the evidence focuses primarily on the study design and the degree of bias that may compromise the validity of the findings. The final recommendation is based on a combination of the study design and literature quality. To uncover gems of information in each paper, a risk of bias assessment should be performed after the literature has been initially selected. Results : Researchers should consider the complexity of the intervention, appropriate grouping, and calculation of effect sizes for the intervention. Researchers conducting systematic reviews should provide a detailed description of the quality assessment performed and present a detailed analysis of their interpretation of the results. The results of systematic reviews and meta-analyses should be interpreted with caution and include a risk of bias assessment. Guidelines for the level of evidence and strength of recommendations should be developed and utilized more broadly to improve reporting practices in physical therapy. Conclusion : Researchers should be knowledgeable about the strengths and limitations of each study design and methodology. In the future, researchers will also need to improve their ability to critically evaluate their findings, given the potential for their results to influence clinical practice.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.255-261
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• 2023

Background: The surgical threshold for bicuspid aortic valve (BAV)-related aortopathy is a matter of debate due to its uncertain etiology and prognosis. This study investigated the prognosis of unrepaired BAV aortopathy in patients undergoing surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR). Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from 720 patients (age, 60.8±11.5 years; 246 women) who underwent SAVR for BAV disease without aortic repair between 2005 and 2020 at Asan Medical Center. The clinical endpoints were defined as occurrences of sudden death, aortic dissection or rupture, and elective aortic repair. To estimate postoperative changes in the dimensions of the unrepaired aorta, the individual annual aortic expansion rate was calculated. Multiple linear regression models were used to evaluate the risk of aortic expansion. Results: The mean ascending aortic diameter was 39.5±4.6 mm, and 299 patients (41.5%) had a baseline ascending aorta diameter >40 mm. During 70.0±68.3 months of follow-up, the mean annual aortic expansion rate was 0.39±1.96 mm/yr, no aortic dissection or rupture was observed, and sudden deaths were reported in 12 patients (0.34% per person-year). Linear regression analysis revealed no significant correlation between the baseline ascending aortic diameter and postoperative aortic expansion (R²=0.004, β=-0.84, p=0.082). Conclusion: In selected patients undergoing SAVR for a BAV (<55 mm), the risk of adverse aortic events was very low. As this observation contradicts current practice guidelines advocating for proactive aortic replacement in dilated ascending aortas measuring >45 mm, the study results need further validation by studies involving larger populations or randomized controlled trials.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.523-532
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• 2017

국내 치위생(학)과를 대상으로 하여 임상치위생학 교육과정 운영 현황을 조사하고, 심층 분석한 결과 첫째, 임상치위생학 영역의 교과목 명칭은 전체 96개 과목으로 확인되었으며, 학교별로 매우 다양하게 나타났다. 그러나 전체 교과목 중 60.5%가 임상치위생학 또는 임상치위생학 및 실습이라는 명칭으로 사용하고 있었다. 둘째, 임상치위생학 교과목 운영은 졸업시점까지 평균 21.1학점을 이수하고, 15주차 수업으로 평균 471.3시간 수업을 운영하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 교수 1인당 학생 수는 21.4명을 담당하였으며, 3년제에 비해 4년제에서 더 많은 학점과 시간을 배정하여 운영하고 있는 것으로 조사되었다. 셋째, 임상치위생학의 교육주제와 내용에서는 감염관리, 치위생관리를 위한 기초 개념의 이해, 치위생사정, 중재 및 평가, 증례연구, 치주기구조작법 등으로 나타났다. 그러나 치위생관리과정의 개념, 치위생사정, 치아우식증, 치주질환 위험도 평가, 특별환자 관리, 전신질환자의 구강건강관리 등에 대한 수업운영내용은 3, 4년제 학제 간 차이가 컸으며, 사정과 수행 중심의 교육내용으로 운영되며, 학제 내에서도 교육운영내용의 차이가 있는 것으로 조사되었다. 넷째, 대상자 실습은 대상자 1인당 평균 2시간 소요되었고, 평균 1.9회 내원하도록 하여 실습을 진행하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 졸업시점까지 필수적으로 진행하는 대상자 실습은 3년제의 경우 평균 총 19개의 케이스를, 4년제의 경우 평균 26.6개 케이스를 실습하고 있었고, 가장 적게는 15개의, 많게는 35개 케이스를 실습하였고, 학생 1인당 대상자 실습에 참여하는 시간은 3년제의 경우 평균 38.0시간, 4년제에서는 평균 53.1시간으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 일부 치위생(학)과를 대상으로 조사한 연구라 한계점은 있지만 임상치위생학 교육과정의 전체적인 흐름과 운영방식을 파악할 수 있었다. 학제를 떠나 임상치위생학의 교육과정 표준화를 위해서는 교과목 명칭, 졸업생 수준에서 치과위생사로서 달성해야 할 역량에 기반한 최소한의 수업운영내용, 이론과 실습시간, 학생수 대비 지도 교수자의 수 등에 대한 치위생계 내 합의 또는 가이드라인이 반드시 필요할 것으로 판단된다. 이러한 과정은 공적인 기관을 통해서 제도적 마련에 근거하여 변화할 수 있도록 노력해야 함을 확인하였다.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.193-198
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• 2023

Purpose: Artificial intelligence (AI) is poised to play a major role in medical diagnostics. Periodontal disease is one of the most common oral diseases. The early diagnosis of periodontal disease is essential for effective treatment and a favorable prognosis. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of AI in diagnosing periodontal bone loss through radiographic analysis. Materials and Methods: A literature search involving 5 databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Health and Medical Collection, Dentistry and Oral Sciences) was carried out. A specific combination of keywords was used to obtain the articles. The PRISMA guidelines were used to filter eligible articles. The study design, sample size, type of AI software, and the results of each eligible study were analyzed. The CASP diagnostic study checklist was used to evaluate the evidence strength score. Results: Seven articles were eligible for review according to the PRISMA guidelines. Out of the 7 eligible studies, 4 had strong CASP evidence strength scores (7-8/9). The remaining studies had intermediate CASP evidence strength scores (3.5-6.5/9). The highest area under the curve among the reported studies was 94%, the highest F1 score was 91%, and the highest specificity and sensitivity were 98.1% and 94%, respectively. Conclusion: AI-based detection of periodontal bone loss using radiographs is an efficient method. However, more clinical studies need to be conducted before this method is introduced into routine dental practice.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.22-29
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• 2022

Purpose: Despite continuous updates of standard treatment guidelines for acute ankle sprain and chronic ankle instability (CAI), in practice preferred treatment protocols vary widely. Based on a Korean Foot and Ankle Society (KFAS) member survey, this study reports current trends in the management of ankle ligament injuries. Materials and Methods: A web-based questionnaire containing 34 questions was sent to all KFAS members in September 2021. Questions mainly addressed clinical experience and preferences for the diagnosis and treatment of ankle ligament injuries. Answers with a prevalence of ≥50% among respondents were considered to reflect tendencies. Results: Eighty-four of the 550 members (15.3%) responded. Answers that showed a tendency were as follows: commonest additional image study (ultrasound), conservative treatment modality (immobilization, oral medication), frequency of surgical treatment (<5 cases per annum), most important factor when deciding on surgical treatment (activity level, e.g., occupation or sport), and commonest surgical procedure (open ligament repair). Answers that showed a tendency for CAI were as follows: most important symptom (repeated sprain, giving way), radiological factors (talar tilt, osteochondral lesion, anterior talar translation), and patient factors (occupation, sports activities, recurrent instability after surgery, etc.). For decision making regarding surgical treatment and method, the most preferred surgical procedure was the modified Broström procedure, and the most common repair technique was suture anchor technique. The following were considered poor prognostic factors; generalized laxity, failed previous surgery, cavovarus, severe mechanical instability, heavy work, obesity, and dissatisfaction after surgery because of residual pain. Conclusion: This study updates information regarding current trends in the management of ankle ligament injuries in Korea, and reveals consensus opinions and variations in approaches to patients with an acute or chronic injury. The divergence of approaches identified indicates the need for further studies to determine standard guidelines and long-term results.