• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제63권1호
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• pp.75-76
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• 2024

몇 종의 주요 농작물 해충에 대한 식물추출물(cinnamon extract 5% + citronella oil 10% + citrus oil 30% + derris extract 10% + neem extract 20% + penetrating surfactant 25%)의 살란 효과를 분무법으로 검정하였다. 노린재류의 경우 알이 부화하는 과정에서 치사하는 경향을 보였다. 식물추출물(500배액) 처리시 썩덩나무노린재(Halyomorpha halys), 톱다리개미허리노린재(Riptortus clavatus), 홍비단노린재(Eurydema dominulus), 온실가루이(Trialeurodes vaprarorium), 담배가루이(Bemisia tabaci), 파밤나방(Spodoptera exigua), 검거세미밤나방(Agrotis ipsilon)에 대한 최종 살란 효과는 100%로 높게 나타나, 향후 산업화가 가능할 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Medicine and Life Science
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.6-11
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• 2018

Previous studies have suggested that Citrus fruits might suppress the proliferation of various cancer cells. However, little is known about any specific ingredients in the extract of Citrus fruits to exert its anti-proliferative activity in cancer cells. The present study aimed to identify the active ingredients in Citrus fruits to suppress the proliferation of rat hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Among tested compounds, two polymethoxylated flavones (nobiletin and tangeritin) showed significant anti-proliferative activity whereas other compounds (synephrine, rutin, hesperidin) did not. Interestingly, nobiletin as well as tangeritin also decreased the protein amount of gluconeogenic enzymes, PEPCK and G6Pase. The possible involvement of gluconeogenic activity in the proliferation of hepatocellulacarcinoma cells are further to be investigated.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.567-574
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• 2011

고지방식이로 비만 및 고지혈이 유발된 실험동물에서 체중, 혈중지질, 체지방, 혈청생화학적 검사 및 장기무게를 측정하여 진피에탄올추출물 섭취로 인한 혈중지질 개선, 체지방 감량 및 시험물질의 간기능 및 장기무게 변화에 미치는 영향에 대해 조사하였다. 체중 및 사료이용효율은 고지방식이에 의해 대조군에서 증가현상을 보였으며, 진피 에탄올추출물 섭취군인 O1과 O5군에서 시험물질 섭취로 인한 체중증가량 감소와 식이효율 감소현상을 보였다. 혈청 생화학적 검사에서 고지방식이에 의해 혈중 ALT, AST, 총단백의 변화가 관찰되었으며, 진피에탄올추출물 섭취에 의해 정상군과 비슷한 수준으로 유지되는 것을 볼 수 있었다. 혈중 creatinine과 ${\gamma}$-GT의 경우 고지방식이 및 시험물질 섭취에 의한 변화는 관찰되지 않았다. 시험기간중 혈중지질 변화는 총 콜레스테롤, LDL-콜레스테롤, triglyceride, 동맥경화지수(AI) 모두 고지방식이에 의해 유의적인 증가현상을 보였으며, 진피에탄올 추출물 섭취로 인한 혈중지질 변화를 관찰할 수 있었다. 0.1% 진피에탄올추출물 섭취군인 O1에서는 대조군과 비교하여 총콜레스테롤과 동맥경화 지수를 유의한 수준으로 떨어뜨렸으며, 0.5% 진피에탄올추출물 섭취군인 O5에서는 총콜레스테롤 및 triglyceride 수준이 정상군 수준에 가까운 개선 효과를 나타내었고, LDL-콜레스테롤 및 동맥경화지수는 대조군과 비교하여 유의적인 개선효과를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 고지방식이에 의한 체지방 변화는 정상군과 비교할 때 유의적인 증가현상을 보였으며, 0.1%, 0.5% 진피에탄올추출물 섭취로 인한 후복강 지방조직 및 부고환 지방조직에서는 유의적인 변화는 관찰되지 않았으나, 0.5% 진피에탄올 추출물에서 내장지방 무게는 유의적으로 감소하였다. 따라서 진피에탄올추출물 섭취에 의한 혈중지질 개선 및 체지방 개선 효과를 기대할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 생약학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.82-86
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• 2000

To evaluate anti-influenza virus activity of 113 specimens of Korean traditional medicine both water and methanol extracts were examined using haemagglutination inhibition test. The water extract from Citrus junos was found to inhibit influenza virus A/Taiwan/l/86(H1N1). The survival rates of virus were determined by in situ cellular enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The water extract of Citrus junos was fractionated by chromatographic separating using Amberlite XAD-4, 40% MeOH and 60% MeOH layer had antiviral activity. The half inhibition concentration $(IC_{50})$ of 40% MeOH layer on survival of influenza virus was $MIC>361.5{\mu}g/ml$ and $IC_{50}$ value of fr. 40-4 fractionated from 40% MeOH layer was $677.19{\mu}g/ml$. These results suggested that the fractions of Citus junos have potent anti-influenza A virus activity.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.213-220
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• 1997

The present study has been undertaken to characterize availability of citrus as a medicinal plant with antineoplastic property. The crude extracts from 40 species of fruits with 12 species of the local Citrus in Cheju island were evaluated on their potential activities against mouse P388 lymphocytic leukaemia in vitro. The percent cytotoxicity varied from 25.40 to 97.94% at a concentration of $100{\mu}g/mL$. Among 40 spp., 8 species showed high toxicity more than 90% against P388 cells and Cheongkyool(C. nippokoreana) exhibited the most cytotoxicity as 97.94%($IC_{50}=20.2{\mu}g/mL$). Nine varieties of C. junos were showed insiginicant cytotoxicity. In trifoliate orange, immature fruit was stronger than mature and peel extract showed higher cytotoxicity($IC_{50}=18{\mu}g/mL$) than the other tissues. Hexane fraction from methanol(MeOH) extract of trifoliate orange showed highly significant inhibition of cell growth($IC_{50}=3.9{\mu}g/mL$). In addition, its cytotoxicity increased remarkably from 3.95 to $0.40{\mu}g/mL$ as exposure time legthened. Cytotoxic activities of crude extracts were decreased considerably during a six months storage period. It was apparent that there is considerable variation in cytotoxicity, depending upon species, maturity and storage time of extracts. There was no meaningful cytotoxic difference between archicitrus and metacitrus in the genus Citrus.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.1613-1618
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• 1999

영귤(Citrus sudachi) 중의 항균성 물질을 검색하기 위하여 영글 과즙 및 과피를 hexane, acetone, ethyl acetate과 methanol로 추출하여 그램 양성 세균 14종과 그램 음성 세균 4종을 사용하여 항균 효과를 측정한 결과 영귤 과즙 추출물은 과피 추출물보다 항균 효과가 우수하였으며, 그 중 영귤 J-A추출물이 가장 강한 항균 활성을 나타내었다. 특히 B. subtilis, E. coli O157 : H7에 대하여 강한 항균력을 나타내었다. 영귤J-A추출물의 첨가 농도(0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2. 2.5%)에 따른 항균 효과를 조사한 결과, 모든 실험균이 1%(v/v) 첨가 농도 미만에서 생육이 지연되었으며, B. subtilis는 0.5%, P. fragi는 1%, L. Monocytogenes와 E. coli는 0.5%, P. fragi는 1%, L. monocytogenes와 E. coli O157 : H7은 1.5%, P. acnes와 S. typhimurium은 2%, S. aureus는 2.5% 첨가 농도에서 생육이 정지되었다. 영귤 J-A 추출물의 항균력은 동정되지 않은 천연항균 물질과 citric acid의 상승효과에 기인하는 것으로 판단되었다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제24권8호
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• pp.827-836
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• 2014

서구화된 식습관의 변화와 편리한 생활에 따른 운동 부족, 유전적 요인, 심리적 요인 등이 복잡하게 얽히면서 비만이 꾸준히 증가하는 추세이다. 한편, 감귤류에는 carotenoid, coumarin, phenylpropanoid, limonoid 등 60여종의 생리활성 물질이 함유되어 있으며 감귤박에는 bioflavonoid, carotenoid, hesperidin, terpenes 등이 풍부하게 함유되어 있다. 감귤박은 항산화 효과, 고혈압 예방, 혈중 LDL 콜레스테롤 함량 감소 효과 등이 있음이 보고되어 있고 최근 들어 감귤박의 비만을 억제하는 효능이 밝혀져 항비만 효과가 입증되었다. 본 연구에서는 고지방식으로 유도한 비만모델 ICR 생쥐에서 Aspergillus oryzae로 발효한 감귤박의 증강된 항비만 효과를 확인하고자 하였다. 항비만 효과를 확인하기 위해 생쥐의 체중변화와 조직의 무게변화를 관찰하였고, 그룹별 혈청 지질 농도, 간 지질농도 및 동맥경화지수를 관찰하였다. 그 결과, 고지방식이 투여군(HFD)에 비해 감귤박 추출물 투여군(CP)과 감귤박 발효 추출물 투여군(CPA)은 체중 증가량과 증체율이 감소하였고, 혈청과 간의 total cholesterol (TG), triglyceride (TC) 함량이 현저히 감소하였다. 한편, 유익한 cholesterol로 알려진 high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) 함량은 일반식이 투여군(NFD)과 CPA 투여군이 비슷하였다. CP 투여군과 CPA 투여군의 조직 무게에서도 HFD 투여군보다 감소하여, 전체적으로 CPA 투여군에서 특히 유의적으로 감소하였다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.451-456
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• 2015

Purpose: Neuronal apoptotic events induced by aging and hypoxic/ischemic conditions is an important risk factor in neurodegenerative diseases such as ischemia stroke and Alzheimer's disease. The peel of Citrus sunki Hort. ex Tanaka has long been used as a traditional medicine, based on multiple biological activities including anti-oxidant, anti-inflammation, and anti-obesity. In the current study, we examined the actions of fermented C. sunki peel extract against cobalt chloride ($CoCl_2$)-mediated hypoxic death in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Methods: Cell viability was measured by trypan blue exclusion. Expression of apoptosis related proteins and release of cytochrome c were detected by western blot. Production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptotic morphology were examined using 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCF-DA) and 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining. Results: Exposure to $CoCl_2$, a well-known mimetic agent of hypoxic/ischemic condition, resulted in neuronal cell death via caspase-3 dependent pathway. Extract of fermented C. sunki peel significantly rescued the $CoCl_2$-induced neuronal toxicity with the cell viability and appearance of apoptotic morphology. Cytoprotection with fermented C. sunki peel extract was associated with a decrease in activities of caspase-3 and cleavage of poly (ADP ribose) polymerase (PARP). In addition, increase in the intracellular ROS and release of cytochrome c from mitochondria to the cytosol were inhibited by treatment with extract of fermented C. sunki peel. Conclusion: Based on these data, fermented C. sunki peel extract might have a protective effect against $CoCl_2$-induced neuronal injury partly through generation of ROS and effectors involved in mitochondrial mediated apoptosis.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.77-85
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• 2021

Objective : This study was designed to investigate effect of immature fruits from Citrus unshiu Markovich to mature them on antioxidative and antiaging-related enzyme activities in vitro. Methods : Fruits from Open field-cultivated C. unshiu Markovich (ripe and unripe fruits of Citri) made a purchase in Jeju island. We measured total polyphenol and flavonoid contents in mature C. unshiu Markovich (MC) and immature C. unshiu Markovich (IMC) 70% ethanol extract. DPPH free radical, ABTS radical, and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities in both extracts were determined. Also, reducing power, SOD-like activities, elastase inhibition, and collagenase inhibition activities of these extract were assayed at 5, 1, 0.5, and 0.1 mg/㎖. Results : The total polyphenol contents in the ethanol extract of IMC were higher than those of MC (26.99 ± 0.89 mg/TAEg). And total flavonoid contents in them were very similar to both extract (MC; 7.25 ± 0.4 mg/RUEg and IMC; 7.44 ± 0.18 mg/RUEg). DPPH free radical scavenging activities, ABTS radical scavenging capacity, reducing power, and SOD-like activities of IMC-treated group showed significant increase compared to those of MC group in all treated concentrations. Particularly, DPPH free radical scavenging and elastase inhibition activities in IMC-treated group at 5 mg/㎖ showed similar with positive control group. Besides, IMC extract at 5 mg/㎖ concentration surpassed positive control (BHA or Vit. C) in SOD-like activities and ABTS radical scavenging capacity. Conclusion : These results suggest that IMC ethanol extract may be used as a natural antioxidant and a antiaging material for development of functional foods and cosmeceuticals.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.309-318
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• 2023

Huanglongbing (HLB) is one of the most destructive diseases in citrus, which imperils the sustainability of citriculture worldwide. The presumed causal agent of HLB, 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus' (CLas) is a non-culturable phloem-limited α-proteobacterium transmitted by Asian citrus psyllids (ACP, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama). A widely adopted method for HLB diagnosis is based on quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Although HLB diagnostic qPCR provides high sensitivity and good reproducibility, it is limited by time-consuming DNA preparation from plant tissue or ACP and the requirement of proper lab instruments including a thermal cycler to conduct qPCR. In an attempt to develop a quick assay that can be deployed in the field for CLas detection, we developed a real-time loop-mediated isothermal amplification (rt-LAMP) assay by targeting the CLas five copy nrdB gene. The rt-LAMP assay using various plant sample types and psyllids successfully detected the nrdB target as low as ~2.6 Log10 copies. Although the rt-LAMP assay was less sensitive than laboratory-based qPCR (detection limit ~10 copies), the data obtained with citrus leaf and bark and ACP showed that the rt-LAMP assay has >96% CLas detection rate, compared to that of laboratory-based qPCR. However, the CLas detection rate in fibrous roots was significantly decreased compared to qPCR due to low CLas titer in some root DNA sample. We also demonstrated that the rt-LAMP assay can be used with a crude leaf DNA extract which is fully deployable in the field for quick and reliable HLB screening.