• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.137-142
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• 2005

Objective : This study was designed to report the clinical effect of Rectal Injection therapy on chronic prostatitis. Methods : We analyzed 20 manuscripts contributed to the Chinese medical journals from 1999 to 2003 that presenting report of Rectal Injection therapy on chronic prostatitis. Results : The results are summarized as follows 1. Operation of rectal injection therapy was treated 2~3 times and one course take time 5~30 days. 2. During therapy, average amount of fluid is 100~150 ml and it takes 1~2 hours. 3. Using medication was 'chung-yol' medicine, 'hwal-hyul-gu-er' medicine, 'bo-yik' medicine, 'lee-soo-sam-sup' medicine. Conclusion : We conclusion that Rectal Injection therapy was clinical effect on chronic prostatitis.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.436-445
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• 2015

Objectives The purpose of this study is to report the clinical effects of immuno pharmacopuncture and herbal medicine Simmidojeok-san on chronic non-bacterial prostatitis. Methods The patient was treated with Simmidojeok-san ; 0.2 cc of V pharmacopuncture injection was given into Jeonyang and 0.6 cc of V pharmacopuncture injection was administered into Hoeeum (CV1). National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI) and Numerous Rating Scale (NRS) were used to assess treatment effect. Results NIH-CPSI and NRS decreased after treatment. Conclusions The herbal medicine Simmidojeok-san and V pharmacopuncture therapy are effective in treating chronic non-bacterial prostatitis.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.201-208
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• 2016

Chronic prostatitis/Chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) is a common disorder to men that involved urinary symptoms and sexual activity-related discomfort. As a pathophysiology of the diseases has not been established, CP/CPPS is diagnosed on the basis of symptoms, principally pain or discomfort in the pelvic region. The purpose of this study is to report the clinical effects of Korean medicine, Sibimijihwang-tang(十二味地黃湯), bee venom pharmacopuncture, and acupuncture treatment on 6 cases of CP/CPPS. 6 patients were treated with Korean medicine, Sibimijihwang-tang and acupuncture and bee venom pharmacopuncture was given into Hoeeum(CV1) et al. National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI) was used to assess treatment effect. After treatment, NIH-CPSI decreased significantly all the patients. Sibimijihwang-tang, bee venom pharmacopuncture and acupuncture treatment was shown fairly effective to CP/CPPS.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.117-123
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• 2018

Background: Prostatitis, one of the most common diseases of the prostate, is a complex disease with various clinical features. This study aims to analyze the utilization and prescribing patterns of antibiotics in Korean patients with prostatitis between 2008 and 2015. Methods: We used the National Health Insurance Database complied from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA). The outcomes included the number of claims, number of patients, medical cost, and length of stay for each year. In addition, the prescribing patterns of antibiotics, including fluoroquinolone, and low-dose use of ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin were investigated. Results: The total number of patients and medical cost increased by 9.5% and 51.7% from 2008 to 2015, respectively. Most prostatitis patients were classified as chronic prostatitis patients. The prescribing proportion of antibiotics for chronic prostatitis outpatients decreased from 71.0% to 66.9% from 2008 to 2015, and fluoroquinolone accounted for more than half of the total antibiotics. Over 80% of prescription of levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin was identified to be for low-dose use. Conclusion: Most of the patients with prostatitis experienced pain relief and condition improvement after antibiotic treatment; however, chronic prostatitis and chronic pelvic pain syndrome recur easily. Therefore, active disease management and further studies are needed to enhance our understanding of effective treatment for prostatitis.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.1150-1175
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• 2023

Objectives: This study was conducted to examine the current status of traditional Korean medicine studies on chronic prostatitis in Korea, identify deficiencies, and suggest future medicine research methods to lay the foundation for traditional Korean medicine treatment. Methods: All domestic clinical research papers on the traditional Korean treatment of chronic prostatitis were selected from the literature published until October 2023 in three domestic databases. A total of 13 selected research data were classified into clinical research papers. Results: In clinical research papers, the basis for the diagnosis of cases was clinical symptoms through medical history listening and diagnosis through past visits to hospitals. The average treatment period was 7 weeks, and the duration of treatment was not significantly affected by the duration of the disease. The most widely used Korean medicine treatment intervention was herbal medicine. Conclusions: This study included all domestic clinical research papers on chronic prostatitis to identify research trends in the Korean oriental medicine community. Based on this, it is meaningful to confirm areas that need to be supplemented in future research plans.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.391-399
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• 2015

Objectives This case series reports the efficacy of Baenong Ickki San, a Bojungikki-tang -modified formula, in treating chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Methods Patients diagnosed with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (n=11) were treated with Baenong Ickki San. Changes in their condition were measured using the National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptoms Index (NIH-CPSI). Results NIH-CPSI scores showed a significant improvement in the disease. The mean NIH-CPSI total score significantly decreased from 37.6±5.8 at baseline to 7.5±3.9 at end point (p<0.001), i.e., a 30.2±7.3 mean decrease was noted. Conclusions Baenong Ickki San may be a potential new medicine for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.274-278
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• 2004

The prostatitis is characterized as relatively incurable, chronic and recurrent illness. Because of this property, we have a difficulty in treating this illness. The purpose of this study is evaluating the efficiency of herb medicine, acupuncture, and herbal acupuncture therapy to the prostatitis. A clinical observation was made on two patients with chronic prostatitis who had perineal pain, pubic pain, testicular pain, painful urination, frequency and dysuria. They were treated with herb medicine, acupuncture, and herbal acupuncture therapy for four weeks and symptoms were considerably decreased. This result suggests that oriental medical therapy is useful enough to treat the prostatic diseases. Therefore the further study of the approach and application of this treatment on prostatitis would be necessary.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.271-279
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• 2014

Chronic prostatitis is a common disease among male. However, its cause and treatment are not known and it does easily come to the patients again after some treatment. Chinese has got an active research on chronic prostatitis of traditional Chinese medicine. We researched the Chinese publications from 2003 to 2013. After translating those publications, we analyzed total 64 publications by classifying those according to frequently used prescriptions, differentiation of symptoms, signs, addition and subtraction of each medicine and the quantity of frequently used medicines. Frequently used medicines were statistically analyzed. The prescription of chronic prostatitis was classified according to its stage. Paljeongsan(八正散) or Yongdamsagan-tang(龍膽瀉肝湯) was used during the early stage of chronic prostatitis, Sobokchukeo-tang(少腹逐瘀湯) or Hyeolbuchukeo-tang(血府逐瘀湯類) was used during the middle stage, and Jibaekjihwang-tang(知柏地黃湯) or Gyebujihwang-tang(桂附地黃湯) was used during the late stage. The most frequently used medicine was Phellodendri Cortex(黃柏), mentioned 43 times in the prescriptions. This analysis report would be able to provide the basis of taking a research on chronic prostatitis. In addition, it could be applied on a stereotype of chronic prostatitis as well as a variety of symptoms with frequently used prescription and addition and subtraction of each medicine.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.145-153
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• 2007

Objective : Although chronic non-bacterial prostatitis is a common disease, it is very difficult to treat effectively. Toosendan fructus(TOF) has been traditionally used in treatment of abdominal pain and parasite. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effects and action mechanism of Toosendan fructus (TOF) in the rat model of non-bacterial prostatitis induced by castration and testosterone treatment. Method : Eight-month-old rats were treated with $17{\beta}$-estradiol after castration for induction of experimental non-bacterial prostatitis, which is similar to human chronic prostatitis in histophatological profiles. Toosendan fructus(TOF) and testosterone were administered as an experimental specimen and a positive control, respectively. The prostates were evaluated by histopahological parameters including the epithelial score and epithelio-stromal ratio for glandular damage. Also, the prostates were observed by hematological alterations of WBC, RBC, hemoglobin, hematocrit and platelet. Results : While prostates of control rats revealed severe acinar gland atrophy and stromal proliferation, the rats treated with Toosendan fructus(TOF) showed a diminished range of the tissue damage. Epithelial score was improved in Toosendan fructus(TOF) than that of the control. The epithelio-stromal ratio was lower in Toosendan fructus(TOF) when compared to that of the control. Also, the examination of bloods were not observed hematological change. Conclusions : These findings suggest that Toosendan fructus(TOF) may protect the glandular epithelial cells and may take hematological safety. We concluded that Toosendan fructus(TOF) may could be a useful remedy agents for treating the chronic non-bacterial prostatitis.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.779-790
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• 2007

Objective : Although chronic non-bacterial prostatitis is a common disease, it is very difficult to treat effectively. GLS (Gleditsiae Spina) has traditionally been used in treatment of urinary tract inflammation and voiding disturbance. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effects and action mechanism of GLS in the rat model of non-bacterial prostatitis induced by castration and testosterone treatment. Method : We observed four experimental objects of normal group, control group, testosterone group, and GLS group. Rats were treated with 17$\beta$-estradiol after castration for induction of experimental non-bacteral prostatitis, which is similar to human chronic prostatitis in histophatological profiles. GLS and testosterone were administered as an experimental specimen and a positive control, respectively. The prostates were evaluated by histopahological parameters including the epithelial score and epithelio-stromal ratio for glandular damage. Also, the prostates were observed by hematological alterations of WBC, RBC, hemoglobin, hematocrit and platelet. Results : While prostates of control rats revealed severe acinar gland atrophy and stromal proliferation, the rats treated with GLS showed a diminished range of tissue damage. Epithelial score was improved in GLS over that of the control. The epithelial-stromal ratio was lower in GLS when compared to that of the control. Conclusion : These findings suggest that GLS may protect the glandular epithelial cells. We concluded that GLS could be a useful remedy agent for treating chronic non-bacterial prostatitis.