• 대한간호학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.257-267
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• 2001

It is known that a pulmonary rehabilitation program improves dyspnea and exercise tolerence in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, it is also known that although it does not improve pulmonary function. This study was performed to evaluate the effect of a 4 week pulmonary rehabilitation on pulmonary function, gas exchange, and exercise tolerance in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The pulmonary rehabilitation programs included breathing exercises, such as pursed-lip breathing and diaphragmatic breathing, upper-limb exercises, and inspiratory muscle training. These activities were performed for 4 weeks in twenty one patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Pre and post-rehabilitation pulmonary function and exercise capacities were compared after the 4 week period. Results are as follows: 1) Before the rehabilitation, the predicted value of FVC and FEV1 of the patients were 70.3$\pm$16.7% and 41.1$\pm$11.9% respectively. These pulmonary functions did not change after pulmonary rehabilitation. 2) Aloility of walking a 6 minute distance (325.29$\pm$122.24 vs 363.03$\pm$120.01 p=.01) and dyspnea (p=.00) were significantly improved after rehabilitation. Thus showing that pulmonary rehabilitation for 4 weeks can improve exercise performance and dyspnea in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.591-602
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• 2017

최근 미세먼지 농도가 올라감에 따라 사람들은 호흡기 질환에 큰 관심을 가지고 있다. 본 연구는 인구학적 및 임상적 특징을 통한 만성 폐쇄성 폐질환(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease)의 위험요인을 선별하고 이에 따른 노모그램을 구축하였다. 먼저 국민건강영양조사(KNHANES) 6기 (2013-2015)의 인구학적 및 임상적 특징, 폐기능 검사 결과를 사용하여 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시 하였고 비전공자들도 분석 결과에 대한 해석을 쉽게 할 수 있도록 만성 폐쇄성폐질환의 위험 요 인을 시각화한 노모그램을 구축하였다. 또한 ROC curve와 Calibration plot을 이용하여 만성 폐쇄 성 폐질환의 노모그램을 검증하였다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제85권4호
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• pp.289-301
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• 2022

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic airway inflammation characterized by fixed airflow limitation and chronic respiratory symptoms, such as cough, sputum, and dyspnea. COPD is a progressive disease characterized by a decline in lung function. During the natural course of the disease, acute deterioration of symptoms leading to hospital visits can occur and influence further disease progression and subsequent exacerbation. Moreover, COPD is not only restricted to pulmonary manifestations but can present with other systemic diseases as comorbidities or systemic manifestations, including lung cancer, cardiovascular disease, pulmonary hypertension, sarcopenia, and metabolic abnormalities. These pulmonary and extrapulmonary conditions lead to the aggravation of dyspnea, physical inactivity, decreased exercise capacity, functional decline, reduced quality of life, and increased mortality. In addition, pneumonia, which is attributed to both COPD itself and an adverse effect of treatment (especially the use of inhaled and/or systemic steroids), can occur and lead to further deterioration in the prognosis of COPD. This review summarizes the long-term outcomes of patients with COPD. In addition, recent studies on the prediction of adverse outcomes are summarized in the last part of the review.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제59권1호
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• pp.5-13
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• 2005

COPD는 비가역적인 기류제한을 특징으로 하는 질병의 상태이다. 이러한 기류제한은 유해입자나 가스등에 대한 폐의 비정상적인 염증반응과 관련되어 있고 자연경과 중 지속적으로 진행하는 양상을 띤다. 비정상적인 염증반응 및 단백분해효소와 항단백분해효소간의 불균형과 산화 스트레스 등의 기전에 의해 점액의 과분비, 섬모의 기능장애, 소기도의 섬유화와 협착, 폐실질의 파괴, 폐혈관손상 등이 발생한다. 이러한 병리학적 변화에 의해 기류제한이 발생하고 가스교환 장애, 폐고혈압, 폐성심, 전신적인 염증이나 골격근의 기능장애 등이 유발된다. COPD 환자의 일반적인 증상인 기침, 객담, 호흡곤란 등은 이러한 병태생리학적 변화로 설명할 수 있다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제83권4호
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• pp.257-267
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• 2020

Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease receive a range of treatments including but not limited to inhaled bronchodilators, inhaled and systemic corticosteroids, supplemental oxygen, and pulmonary rehabilitation. Pulmonary rehabilitation is a multidisciplinary intervention that seeks to combine patient education, exercise, and lifestyle changes into a comprehensive program. Programs 6 to 8 weeks in length have been shown to improve health, reduce dyspnea, increase exercise capacity, improve psychological well-being, and reduce healthcare utilization and hospitalization. Although the use of pulmonary rehabilitation is widely supported by the literature, controversy still exists regarding what should be included in the programs. The goal of this review was to summarize the evidence for pulmonary rehabilitation and identify the areas that hold promise in improving its utilization and effectiveness.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제79권3호
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• pp.121-126
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• 2016

Lung function reportedly declines with age and that this decline is accelerated during disease progression. However, a recent study showed that the decline might peak in the mild and moderate stage. The prognosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) can be improved if the disease is diagnosed in its early stages, prior to the peak of decline in lung function. This article reviews recent studies on early COPD and the possibility of applying the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation 2008 and 2015 for early detection of COPD in Korea.

• 셀메드
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.6.1-6.6
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• 2024

The prevalence of respiratory diseases is increasing due to social and environmental factors such as increased environmental pollution and air pollution, and among them, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in particular has a high mortality and morbidity rate worldwide. As a result, medical expenses are rapidly increasing, creating a social and economic burden. In response to this, there is a need to discuss ways to reduce the risk from diseases and manage them appropriately, and the most basic starting point in this process is how these chronic lung disease patients are treated in actual clinical settings and how to improve the quality of treatment. There is a need to look into whether there are effective drugs. Western treatment for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is basically a disease in which the airway narrows, so bronchodilators are used to widen the bronchi, and corticosteroids and antibiotics are mainly used to relieve the inflammatory response in the lungs. However, since the mainly used Western medicine does not serve as a fundamental therapeutic drug and contains many side effects, there is a need for drugs that improve the quality of life of patients and are more effective in managing symptoms as symptomatic prescriptions. Therefore, Western and Oriental medicine treatments are needed. The purpose is to suggest better treatments through comparative analysis.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제85권3호
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• pp.221-226
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• 2022

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by airflow limitation due to chronic airway inflammation and destruction of the alveolar structure from persistent exposure to oxidative stress. The body has various antioxidant mechanisms for efficiently coping with such oxidative stress. The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-antioxidant response element (ARE) is a representative system. Dysregulation of the Nrf2-ARE pathway is responsible for the development and promotion of COPD. Furthermore, COPD severity is also closely related to this pathway. There has been a clinical impetus to use Nrf2 for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Therefore, in this work, we systematically reviewed the clinical significance of Nrf2 in COPD patients, and discuss the value of Nrf2 as a potential COPD biomarker.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.273-279
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• 2023

Objectives: Objectives of this study were: 1) to introduce industrial situation and health hazards of synthetic fiber, 2) to review a case of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in a worker exposed to synthetic fiber reported to the Korea Occupational Disease Surveillance Center, and 3) to suggest supplementary measures for the occupational health system for workers exposed to synthetic fibers. Methods: Respiratory exposure, health hazards, and exposure standards for synthetic fiber dust in Korea and other countries were reviewed. In addition, a case of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease due to exposure to nylon dust reported to the Korea Occupational Disease Surveillance Center was reviewed and summarized. Results: The worker was a 53-year-old non-smoking male who had been involved in the nylon weaving process for 26 years. He had shortness of breath from three years ago. He was diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. PM1.0, PM_2.5, and PM10 were measured at 26.6 ㎍/m³, 48.2 ㎍/m³, and 91.7 ㎍/m³, respectively. Fiber components estimated as nylon fiber were detected in the microscopic examination of a solid sample. Conclusions: For workers exposed to synthetic fiber dust, special health examinations of the respiratory system, regular work environment measurement, and work environment management through workplace health management should be performed. It is necessary to research on health effects of synthetic fibers.

• 셀메드
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.12.1-12.6
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect wool in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The study was conducted experimentally on 53 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease attending the chest diseases polyclinic of a hospital located in Erzurum. A randomized selection method was used to categorize patients into two groups; a treatment (n = 27), and a control group (n = 26). Patients in the treatment group (pre-test measurements were taken) wore wool vests for a period of three months, while patients in the control group wore cotton vests (placebo) for the same duration; post-test measurements were taken for both groups at the end of the three-month period. The Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 36, the St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire, and pulmonary function tests were used to collect data. Results concluded that there was a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in the overall score of the St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire, and the symptom, effect, and activity mean scores, while there was a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the SF-36 physical functioning, general health, bodily pain, role physical, vitality, role emotional, social functioning, mental health, physical and mental component summary mean scores of patients in the treatment group. Results of the study concluded that the symptoms, activity, disease effectiveness, and quality of life improved in patients that wore wool vests.