• Applied Microscopy
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.479-491
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• 1999

출생후 0일, 7일, 14일, 17일, 21일, 28일, 35일 그리고 성체의 흰쥐 전뇌 기저부의 Meynert 기저핵에서 ChAT 면역반응 신경세포의 분화를 면역조직화학적 및 전자현미경적 방법을 이용하여 조사하였다. 출생후 7일에서 성체까지 신경세포의 세포질에서 ChAT면역반응이 확인되었다. 특히 ChAT면역반응은 세포체의 세포질과 수상돌기에 고루 분포하였다. 전뇌 기저부의 ChAT면역반응 신경세포들은 발생에 따른 뇌 크기의 증대와 뇌조직의 분화에 따라 점차 수적 증가를 보였다. ChAT면역반응 신경세포들은 세포의 모양과 세포체의 장 단축의 비에 따라 6가지 형으로 분류되었다. 성체의 Meynert기저핵에서 원형은 9.4%, 난원형은 35.5%, 세장형은 32.1%, 방추형은 5.9%, 삼각형은 9.1% 그리고 다각형은 8.0%의 출현율을 보였다. 원형과 난원형 신경세포들의 출현율은 출생후 14일에서 가장 높아 각각 18.7%, 55.5%였고, 성체로 되면서 점차적으로 감소되었다. 또한, 세장형과 삼각형 신경세포들의 출현율은 출생후 21일에 가장 높아 각각 30.4%, 10.1%였고, 성체로 되면서 원형과 난원형 세포에서와 같이 점차적으로 감소하였다. 그러나 이들과는 다르게 방추형과 다각형 신경세포들의 출현율은 출생후 발생이 진행됨에 따라 점진적으로 증가하는 현상을 보였다. ChAT면역반응 신경세포체의 부피는 출생후 7일에 $1,083{\mu}m^3$로 제일 작았으나, 출생후 21일에서는 $5,045{\mu}m^3$로 최대치를 보였다. 그후 성체로 되면서 $2,731{\mu}m^3$로 감소되었다. 전자현미경적 관찰에서 출생후 21일의 경우 ChAT면역반응은 신경세포의 ribosome, polysome 그리고 RER에서 관찰되었으며, 대칭 및 비대칭 신경연접이 관찰되었다. 이상의 결과들로 미루어 흰쥐 전뇌 기저부 Meynert 기저핵에서의 ChAT면역반응 신경세포들은 출생후 발생과정에서 세포소기관과 신경돌기들의 분화에 따른 세포체부피의 증가, 분화된 세포형들의 출현율의 증가 및 세포의 손실이 없는 상태에서의 세포 응축 등의 과정을 통하여 세포들이 분화한다고 생각된다. 또한, Golgi체와는 다르게 ribosome, polysome그리고 RER들이 ChAT의 세포내 분포 및 생합성과 밀접한 관계를 같는 것으로 생각된다.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.121-134
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this in vivo study is to observe anti-amnesic effects of Yeongkyekamjotanggayonggolmoryo (YGYM), a novel mixed herbal prescription, Ossis Mastodi and Ostreae Testa added Yeongkyekamjo-tang, on scopolamine induced amnesia in C57BL/6 mice through acetylcholine (ACh) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, Choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) mRNA expression, and antioxidant effects. Methods: Six groups, total 20 intact or 100 Sco treated mice were used in this study after one week of acclimatization period. Half the animals were used for passive avoidance task tests and hippocampus ACh content, AChE activity, and ChAT mRNA expression were measured. The other half was subjected to an underwater maze test and then the cerebral cortex antioxidant defense system was measured. Results: In the passive avoidance experiment, there was significant decrease in residence time in the bright room and in the underwater maze test, escape latency to escape from the esophagus significantly increased compared with the normal control group. At the final sacrifice, ACh content and ChAT mRNA expression decreased, AChE activity increased, and cerebral cortical MDA increased GSH content, SOD and CAT activity in Sco control mice, as compared to intact vehicle control mice. However, these Sco treatment-related memory loss through AChE activation destroyed the cerebral cortex antioxidant defense system, and was inhibited dose-dependently by 28 days consecutive oral pretreatments of YGYM extracts 500, 250, 125 mg/kg. Conclusions: In the above results, YGYM extract that oral administration of YGYM extracts alleviates the antioxidant defense system, through preservation of ACh mediated by upregulation of ChAT mRNA expression, and increase of AChE inhibition and brain antioxidant defense systems.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.207-221
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• 2018

Objectives: The objective of this study was to observe the anti-amnesic effects of Yukmijihwang-tang (YMJHT), on the scopolamine (Sco)-induced memory impairment in C57BL/6 mice through its favorable acetylcholine (ACh). Also, to observe acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, Choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) mRNA expressions, and antioxidant effect. Methods: Six groups, with a total of 20 normal and 100 Sco treated mice were selected based on their body weights after 1 week of acclimatization, were used in this study as follows. Half of the mice in each group were used for passive avoidance task tests and hippocampus ACh content, AChE activity and ChAT mRNA expression measurement, and the remaining half in each group used for Morris water maze test and measurement of cerebral antioxidant defense system. Results: Amnesia due to AChE activations and destroyed cerebral cortex antioxidant defense systems were markedly and dose-dependently inhibited after 28 days of continuous oral pre-treatment with YMJHT 400, 200 and 100 mg/kg, respectively. The overall effects of YMJHT 400 mg/kg were similar to those of tacrine 10 mg/kg. Conclusions: Based on the results, it was established that oral administration of YMJHT favorably alleviates Sco-induced memory impairment, through preservation of ACh, mediated by up-regulation of ChAT mRNA expressions and related AChE inhibition and augmentation of cerebral antioxidant defense system, at least in a condition of this experiment. The overall effects of YMJHT 400 mg/kg were similar to those of tacrine 10 mg/kg.