• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제54권5호
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• pp.733-741
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• 2021

Jeju island is the largest island of South Korea, and has a relatively warm climate due to its geographical characteristics. These features have fostered development of various fermented foods distinct to Jeju island. Therefore, the functional activity of the lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from the Jeju region's traditional fermented foods, including Kimchi and Jeotgal was characterized in this study. Fifteen strains were isolated from 6 types of fermented food. These strains include Enterococcus spp., Lactoplantibacillus spp., and Weisella spp. Several experiments were carried out to assess functional characteristics including acid resistance, bile resistance, hemolysis, DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity, and cholesterol-lowering activity. Three isolated strains (J-4, J-6 and J-10) exhibited high acid resistance, while the other 3 isolates (J-1, J-4 and J-6) showed high bile salt resistance. The strains displayed varied DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity: 71.14-86.42% among the first 3 strains, and 50.11-75.11% among the remaining 3 strains. Cholesterol-lowering activities were in the range 15.74-82.90% for all isolated strains. In conclusion, these studies suggest that isolated LAB strains from Jeju island traditional fermented foods possess the potential for broader application in the food industry.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.119-126
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• 2008

본 연구는 대두단백가수분해물의 섭취가 소화흡수율, 지질대사 및 항산화에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고자 흰쥐를 카제인, 분리대두단백 (ISP) 또는 대두단백가수분해물 (서리태단백분해물 (SH), 수용성단백분해물 (SS) 또는 불용성단백분해물 (IS)군으로 나누어 4주간 사육한 후 생리활성의 변화를 살펴보았으며, 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1) 지질소화흡수율은 실험 1주차에서 분리대두단백군 (ISP군)이 다른 군보다 유의적으로 낮았다. 불용성가수분해물군 (IS군)은 실험 4주차에서 다른 군들보다 콜레스테롤의 소화흡수율이 낮은 경향이었다. 2) 혈액 중성지방은 불용성가수분해물군 (IS군)이 카제인군보다 유의적으로 낮았고, 서리태가수분해물과 ISP군도 낮은 경향이었다. 총 콜레스테롤도 중성지방과 마찬가지로 불용성가수분해물군이 가장 낮았고 다른 대두가수분해물군들과ISP군도 카제인군보다 낮은 경향이었다. 대두가수분해물군들이 카제인군보다 HDL-cholesterol은 높이고, LDL-cholsterol은 낮추어서 동맥경화지수는 불용성, 수용성, 서리태가수분해물의 순으로 낮았다. 3) 총항산화력은 군 간에 유의적인 차이가 없었으나 서리태가수분해물군 (SH군)이 다른 군들에 비해 높은 경향이었다. 간의 항산화효소활성은 각 군 간에 유의적인 차이는 없었으나 서리태가수분해물군의 superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase 및 catalase 활성이 카제인군과 다른 실험군들에 비해 높은 경향이었다. 결론적으로, 대두단백가수분해물군들은 카제인군보다 혈액 중성지질, 총콜레스테롤, LDL-cholesterol과 동백경화 지표 (AI)를 낮추어서 심혈관질환예방에 바람직한 것으로 나타났는데, 이러한 효과는 특히 불용성단백가수분해물군에서 뛰어났다. 한편, 항산화활성의 경우 총항산화력과 항산화효소활성이 서리태가수분해물군에서 높은 경향으로 나타나 앞으로 서리태의 항산화 효과의 원인물질을 규명하고 분리추출하는 등의 연구를 통해 우리나라의 전통 콩의 우수한 면모를 밝히는 연구가 더 필요하다고 사료된다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.716-728
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• 2022

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: An imbalanced adipokine profile in obesity increases the susceptibility to obesity-related cardiometabolic alterations, including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The mulberry plant has been reported to have health benefits, such as hypolipidemic and hepatoprotective effects. This study examined the effects of a mulberry (Morus alba L.) fruit ethanol extract (MBEE) on dyslipidemia, liver steatosis, and adipokine imbalance in response to a high-fat diet. MATERIALS/METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to one of 4 groups containing 6 rats each and fed either a control diet (CON), a high-fat diet (HFD), or a high-fat diet with MBEE of 150 mg/kg/day (LMB) or 300 mg/kg/day (HMB). The triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities were measured spectrophotometrically. The leptin, adiponectin, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) levels were determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: The plasma TG levels were similar in the 4 groups. Plasma cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels and TC/HDL-C ratio increased in the HFD group compared with the CON group, whereas those values decreased in the LMB group (P < 0.05), indicating that MBEE had a plasma lipid-lowering effect. HDL-C decreased in the HFD group, but MBEE did not affect the HDL-C level. The HFD rats significantly increased hepatic TG and cholesterol levels and plasma ALT and AST activities compared to the CON group. The hepatic TG level and ALT and AST activities were reduced markedly by the MBEE treatment. The HFD group showed a higher PAI-1 level, whereas MBEE treatment, especially in the HMB group, significantly reduced leptin level, and leptin/adiponectin and PAI-1/ adiponectin ratios. These findings suggest that MBEE altered the imbalance between the pro-and anti-inflammatory adipokines to a more anti-inflammatory state. CONCLUSIONS: MBEE could protect against abnormal lipid metabolism and hepatic steatosis induced by a high-fat diet, lowering plasma cholesterol, LDL-C and TC/HDL-C, and hepatic TG. These findings are associated with the regulating effect of MBEE on the leptin/adiponectin and PAI-1/adiponectin ratios.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제65권3호
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• pp.143-152
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• 2022

본 연구는 고지방식이(HFD)를 제공한 비만동물모델에서 Momordica charanatia (MC)와 Withania somnifera (WS) 추출물의 혈청 콜레스테롤 및 내장지방 감소효과를 분석하였다. 유산균으로 발효한 MC와 WS 추출물의 조합(FMCWS) 및 비발효 추출물(MCWS)의 조합을 HFD로 유도된 비만마우스에 8주 동안 경구 투여하였다. 실험 기간 동안 체중, 식이섭취량, 총 콜레스테롤, 중성지방, HDL-콜레스테롤 수치를 분석하였다. 체중과 총 콜레스테롤 및 중성지방 수치는 정상대조(NC)군과 비교하여 HFD를 섭취한 HFD군에서 유의하게 증가했다. 그러나, 추출물의 투여로 인해 비만마우스의 체중증가가 감소되는 경향을 확인하였고 더불어 HDL-콜레스테롤의 증가와 함께 총 콜레스테롤 및 중성지방 수치를 유의적으로 감소시켰다. 복부지방 무게와 부고환 지방조직 내 지방세포의 크기는 NC군에 비해 HFD군에서 유의하게 증가하였다. 그러나, FMCWS와 MCWS를 각각 투여한 군은 HFD군에 비해 복부지방 무게와 부고환 지방세포의 크기가 유의하게 감소하였다. 또한, HFD군의 간 조직에서 관찰되는 거대 소포성 지방구의 침착이 이들 군에서는 현저하게 감소하였다. 이러한 결과는 MC와 WS 추출물의 조합이 체중 증가에 대한 감소 경향이 있을 뿐만 아니라 내장지방 및 혈청 지질 수준을 현저히 낮추는 데 강력한 시너지 효과가 있어 HFD 유발 비만마우스에서 항비만 활성을 향상시키는 효능이 있음을 시사한다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.48-60
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• 2023

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the sex-associated differences in the dietary intake of gastric cancer patients in Korea. Methods: Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) the 7^th (2016-2018) were analyzed in the present study. The subjects included 122 gastric cancer patients aged over 40 years (75 male, 47 female). General characteristics (age, marital status, household income, education, food security, comorbidities, alcohol drinking, and smoking), anthropometric characteristics (height, weight, body mass index, and blood pressure), blood biochemical characteristics [fasting plasma glucose (FPG), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, triglyceride, total cholesterol, and HDL-cholesterol)], and quantity and quality of dietary intake were compared between male and female participants. Results: Males had higher rates of having a spouse, prevalence of hypertension, alcohol drinking, and smoking than females. The proportion of males with a normal range of FPG, BUN, and HDL-cholesterol was lower than that in females. The total cholesterol levels above the normal range were higher in females than in males. We also found that females had a higher percentage of intakes below the estimated energy requirement (EER) and intakes below the estimated average requirement (EAR) for carbohydrates, niacin, phosphorus, and iron than males. The index of nutritional quality (INQ) for phosphorus and folate, nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR) for vitamin C, thiamine, niacin, folate, calcium, and phosphorus, and the mean adequacy ratio (MAR) were lower in females than males. Conclusions: In Korean gastric cancer patients, management of comorbidities such as diabetes and hypertriglyceridemia, lowering FPG, and raising HDL-cholesterol level management is required for males, whereas management of lowering total cholesterol and raising hematocrit is required for females. The quantitative and qualitative nutritional intakes were poor in gastric cancer patients, especially in females, who had a lower nutritional intake than males. We suggest that nutritional interventions are needed to improve the overall nutritional intake in both male and female gastric cancer patients. In particular, we propose that support is urgently needed for females whose nutritional intake is lower than that of males. In addition, family, social, and national support for nutritional management of female gastric cancer patients is highly necessary.

• BMB Reports
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.194-199
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• 2009

The effects of the ginsenoside Rb2 (Rb2) on lipid metabolism were characterized in 3T3-L1 adipocytes to evaluate their utility for treating obesity. While the amounts of total cholesterol and triacylglycerol (TAG) were markedly increased in the adipocytes treated with high amounts of cholesterol and fetal bovine serum (FBS), the test groups treated with Rb2 showed levels that were close to normal. The effect of Rb2 on these cells was comparable to that of lovastatin. Rb2 enhanced the expression of the sterol regulated element binding protein (SREBP) mRNA whereas treatment with cholesterol and FBS led to a reduction in the abundance of this transcript. The activity of fatty acid synthetase (FAS) was lower in the cholesterol group compared to the Rb2 treatment group suggesting that the observed decrease in cholesterol levels and activated SREBP was mediated by Rb2. Treatment with Rb2 also resulted in a decrease in TAG levels in adipocytes cultured under high fatty acid conditions. This effect was mediated by stimulating the expression of SREBP and Leptin mRNA, suggesting that Rb2 might be a valuable component capable of lowering the levels of lipids.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.322-329
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• 2001

There is growing evidence that soy isoflavones play beneficial role in the prevention of cardiovascular disease. However, current data are not sufficient to determine the effective dose of isoflavone on improving plasma lipid profiles and total antioxidant capacity in Korean menopausal women. In the present study, 24 perimenopausal and 23 postmenopausal women were divided into 3 groups and were given soy isoflavone supplements of 100, 150, 200mg/day for 12weeks. Blood samples were taken before and after 6, 12weeks of soy isoflavone supplementation for analysis of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglyceride and total antioxidant status(TAS). In the perimenopausal women, serum total cholesterol level decreased significantly in all three groups after 12weeks of isoflavone supplementation(p< 0.05). However, serum LDL cholesterol level significantly lowered only in 150 and 200mg groups, and serum triglyceride level decreased significantly in 200mg group(p<0.05). In the postmenopausal women, the 150mg isoflavone supplementation group demonstrated significant effects on lowering serum total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol levels and raising HDL cholesterol level after 12weeks of isoflavone supplementation(p<0.05). Two hundred mg isoflavone supplementation group had a significantly higher TAS than other groups in both perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. (Korean J Nutrition 34(3) : 322∼329, 2001)

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.156-160
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• 2004

This study aims to investigate the changes in the lipid composition and angiotensin-converting enzyme activity in serum of rats exposed to microwave radiation, and to examine improving effects of green tea catechin to the lipid composition. The microwave-exposed rats received the normal and one of 3 diets: catechin free (MW-0C), 0.25% catechin (MW-0.25C) or 0.5% catechin (MW-0.5C). Rats were sacrificed 6th day after microwave radiation (2.45 ㎓, 15 min). The concentration of serum triglyceridein MW-0C group was increased by 85%, compared with the normal group, but that of MW-0.25C group with 0.25% catechin supplementation was to 17% lower, compared with the MW-0C group. There was no significant difference between normal group and MW-0.5C group. Total-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol concentrations were increased by 21.4% and 38.6%, respectively, by microwave irradiation. The concentration of HDL-cholesterol in MW-0C group was lower to 29.3%, but it was maintained at the normal level by catechin supplementation. There was no significant difference among four groups in HLD-cholesterol/LDL-cholesterol. Atherogenic index in MW-0C group was increased by 56%, compared with the normal group. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity in lung tissue of MW-0C group was increased by 59 %, while that of MW -0.25C and MW -0.5C group were maintained at the normal level. ACE activity of MW-0C group in serum was increased by 122.8%, compared with the normal group. Catechin supplementation group was significantly reduced, compared with the MW-0C group ACE activity. In conclusion, microwave irradiation increased the serum triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations and ACE activity which are considered as the blood pressure increasing agents. However, catechin supplementation decreased the level of triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and ACE activity, which maybe consider catechin as being agent of lowering effect for blood lipid profile for athero-genesis.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.212-218
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• 1994

The effects of dietary buckwheat vegetables on the in vitro HMG-CoA reductase activity and lipids profiles of serum and liver in rats were evaluated . Buckwheat vegetables were cultivated in the range of 1-15cm of the plant height and dried. The content of rutin in the dried vegetables did not varied largely with the differences in the height of the vegetables. The water extract from buckwheat vegetables activited in vitro HMG-CoA reductase, activity up to 150% of control. Male rats were fed on purified diets. supplemented with0.12% cholesterol, containing dried buckwheat vegetables(BWV, 5% of diet) or rutin 90.25% of diet) . Dietary BWV and rutin, compared with basal diet tended to decrease the concentration of serum cholesterol. The ratio of HDL-cholesterol to total cholesterol were higher slightly in the rutin -fed group than in the other groups. The concentration of serum triacylglycerol was lower markedly in the rutin -fed groups than in the control groups, and BWV group being intermediate . The concentration of liver cholesterol was lower significantly in the BWV group than in the other groups. The results show an effective cholesterol-lowering action of buckwheat vegetables in serum and liver of rats fed on cholesterolemic diets. and that the hypocholesterolemic effects of buchwheat vegetables re not likely to be due to the modulation of the cholesterol synthesis rate.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.79-84
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• 2001

The influence of Rhodiola extract on tissue antioxidant status, plasma lipid levels, cholesterol contents of liver and fores were investigated in rats find oxidized linoleic acid. Groups of five-week old male Sprague-Dawley rats fed ad libitum with a diet containing 20% oxidized linoleic acid with or without 300 mg/kg body weight freeze-dried Rhodiola water extract. The antioxidant effect of dietary Rhodiola extract supplementation on the peroxidation potential of rats was investigated. The microsomal thiobarbiruric acid reactive substance (TBARS) contents were changed significantly by Rhodiola extract supplementation. Hepatic Catalase activities were increased in Rhodiola supplemented rats, whereas hepatic Manganese Superoxide Dismutase (MnSOD) or Copper Zinc Superoxide Dismutase (CuZnSOD) were not elevated. In addition, plasma cholesterol lowering effect was observed along with the stimulated excretion of cholesterol through the feces were observed with Rhodiola feeding. Supplementation with Rhodiola extract did not alter high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. These results support that Rhodiola extract may be effective in protection against oxidative stress, and prevention and treatment of blood dyslipidemia. It demonstntes that Rhodiola extract has a potential to exert anti-atherogenic properties antioxidative capacities .