• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.47-56
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• 1998

When rats are exposed to cadmium in their diet, the cadmium accumulates in the liver. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of chitin, chitosan and dithiocarbamate chitosan on the cadmium accumulation in liver of rats. For this experiment, 10 male Sprague-Dawley were used. The experimental groups were divided into four independent groups which were one control group and three experimental groups by cadmium alone treatment or chitin, chitosan and dithiocarbamate chitosan with cadmium. In order to investigate the eliminative effect of chitin, chitosan and dithiocarbamate chitosan on the cadmium accumulation in liver of rats, the cadmium concentration, the metallothionein level and the enzyme activitys were measured. The results obtained revealed the eliminative effect of cadmium in liver of rats by chitin, chitosan and dithiocarbamate chitosan. The effect of chitin on the cadmium elimination was less than that of chitosan and dithiocarbamate chitosan. Also it shows that the eliminative effect of cadmium by dithiocarbamate chitosan was the highest.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.319-327
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• 2000

배추김치에 0.25% chitosan, 0.5% chitosan, 0.5% chitosan+0.04M Na-malate, 0.5% chitosan+0.04M Na-lactate, 0.5% chitosan+04M Na-citrate를 첨가하여 김치의 숙성 과정 중 pH, 산도, pH/TA ratio, ascorbic acid 함량 및 Pectin질의 변화에 대한 영향을 알아보았다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 김치의 숙성과정 중 pH는 감소하는 경향을 보였으며, 대조군, 0.25% chitosan 첨가군, 0.5% chitosan 첨가군, 0.5% chitosan+Na-citrate 첨가군, 0.5% chitosan+Na-malate 첨가군, 0.5% chitosan+Na-lactate 첨가군의 순으로 감소하였다. 2. 김치의 숙성과정 중 산도는 증가하는 경향을 보였으며, 대조군, 0.5% chitosan+Na-malate 첨가군, 0.25% chitosan 첨가군, 0.5% chitosan+ Na-citrate 첨가군. 0.5% chitosan 첨가군, 0.5% chitosan+Na-lactate 첨가군의 순으로 증가하였다. pH/TA ratio는 김치의 숙성 중 감소하는 경향을 보였으며. 대조군, 0.25% chitosan 첨가군, 0.5% chitosan+Na-malate 첨가군, 0.5% chito-san+Na-citrate 첨가군, 0.5% chitosan+Na-lactate 첨가군의 순으로 감소하였다. 3. Ascorbic acid 함량은 3일째에 가장 높은 함량을 보였으며, 0.5% chitosan에 유기산염 병용첨가군이 다른 군들보다 월등히 높았다. 그 후 숙성기간이 경과할수록 감소하였다. 4. AIS 함량의 변화는 숙성기간이 지날수록 모두 감소하는 경향을 보였으며, 대조군, 0.25% chit-osan 첨가군, 0.5% chitosan 첨가군, 0.5% chito-san+Na-citrate 첨가군, 0.5% chitosan+Na-lactate 첨가군, 0.5% chitosan+Na-citrate 첨가군 순으로 감소하였다. 5. AIS로부터 펙틴을 추출하여 HWSP, HXSP, HCISP로 분획한 함량비는 대조군이 숙성이 진행됨에 따라 HWSP가 증가하고 HCISP는 감소하는 경향을 보인 반면, chitosan 첨가군은 숙성이 진행됨에 따라 HWSP가 감소하고 HCISP는 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 위와 같은 결과로부터 chitosan의 첨가는 김치의 보존성 향상에 효과를 보였으며. 유기산염과 병용첨가군이 단독첨가군보다 더욱 효과적이었다. 유기산염의 종류에 따른 병용에 있어서는 Na-lactate 첨가군이 Na-citrate와 Na-malate 첨가군보다 효과적으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.143-152
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• 1998

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of chitosan, chitosan oligomer and beef tallow of different levels on lipid metabolism in rats, Seventy male rats of the Sprague-Dawley strain were blocked into 10 groups according to body weight , and were raised for 4 weeks. Dietary fat levels were 20% en and 40% en, and chitosan and chitosan oligomer were given at levels of 05, 3%, and 5%(wt/wt) of diet. The results are summarized as follows, chitosan oligomer supplement decreased serum total lipid, as chitosan 양, and exhibited a tendency to decrease serum total cholesterol. Chitosan oligomer supplement tended to increase the HDL cholesterol ; total cholesterol ration as chitosan did. Liver total lipid and triglyceride concentration were lower in high fat groups than in low fat groups. Liver total lipid concentrations was decreased slightly by chitosan and sigfnificantly by chitosna ligomer. Epididymal fat pad total lipid. total cholesterol and triglyceride concentration were slightly decreased by chitosan and chitosan oligomer supplement, especially in high fat groups. fat absorptivity was decreased by low fat level, chitisan and chitosan oligamer supplement. Fecal excretion of total lipid and triglyceride were increased by high fat level, chitosan and chi샌무 oligomer supplement. However, fecal excretion of total cholesterol was increased by high fat level and chitosan supplement. This indicated that chitosan and chitosan oligomer were effective in interfering with lipid and triglyceride absorption, In conclusion, chitosan oligomer at levels of 3% and 5% has more effective lipid, cholesterol and triglyceride lowering activity than chitosan.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.107-113
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• 1998

This study was performed to investigate the effects of chitin, chitosan and dithiocarbamate chitosan on the cadmium accumulation in liver and kidney of catfish. The experimental groups were divided into four independent groups which were one control group and three experimental groups by cadmium alone treatment or chitin, chitosan and dithiocarbamate chitosan which cadmium. in order to investigate the effects of chitin, chitosan and dithiocarbamate chitosan on the cadmium accumulation in liver and kidney of catfish, the cadmium concentration, the metallothionein level were measured. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The cadmium concentrations in liver and kidney of catfish in cadmium alone treatment group were similar to that of the chitin treatment group, but chitosan and dithiocarbamate chitosan treatment groups were significantly decreased. 2. The metallothionein levels in liver and kidney of catfish alone treatment group were similar to that of the chitin treatment group, but chitosan and dithiocarbamate chitosan treatment groups were significantly increased. In conclusion, this study revealed the effect of chitin, chitosan and dithiocarbamate chitosan against cadmium accumulation in liver and kidney of catfish. It exhibited the highest effect at dithiocarbamate chitosan treatment group.

• Journal of Life Science
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.17-21
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• 1999

Chitosan derivitives, a sulfated N-acetylchitosan was synthesized, and artificial skin of sulfated N-acetylchitosan and N-carboxyl butyl chitosan were investigated. Sulfated derivatives of chitosan were analyzed by {TEX}${13}^C${/TEX}-NMR and the structure on N-acetyl chitosan 3,6-O-disulfate were confirmed. Rabbits underwent a midline laparotomy followed either by a bilateral peritoneal sidewall abraison(3.0×1.5cm). The injured surface was then covered with 0.2mm thick sulfated N-acetyl chitosan membrane. Sulfated N-acetyl chitosan membrane was found to reduce postsurgical bleeding after abraison of peritoneal surface treated with sulfated N-acetyl chitosan membrane. Sulfated N-acetyl chitosan implanted rabbit showed quick wound healing than N-carboxybutyl chitosan. With a sterilization procedure of chemical sterilization, sulfated N-acetyl chitosan seem to be better substitutes than N-carboxybutyl chitosan.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.21-34
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• 2006

To investigate anti-HIV-1 activity of water soluble chitosans, sulfated chitosan derivatives were prepared in mild condition. Various sulfated chitosan derivatives (N-3,6-O-S-chitosan, N-desulfated 3,6-O-S-chitosan, 3,6-O-S-chitin, and 3,6-O-sulfated-N-(o-carboxybenzoyl) chitosan) were synthesized with sulfurtrioxidepyridene complex in pyridine solvent. Characterization of the sulfated chitosan derivatives was carried out by $^{13}C$ NMR and IR spectroscopies. To observe ionic reaction properties, pKas of the sulfated chitosan derivatives and chitosan of low molecular weight were estimated by potentiometric titration. The sulfated chitosan derivatives had high water solubility, pKas (pKa : 7.7) of N-3,6-O-S-chitosan and N-desulfated 3,6-O-S-chitosan were increased than pKa of water insoluble chitosan (pKa : 6.2), These results suggest the participation of electrostatic interaction of amino and sulfate groups on the sulfated chitosans. Anti-HIV-1 drugs, such as AZT, ddC, and ddI for anti-HIV activity had higher selective index compared with SCB-chitosan but N-3,6-O-S-chitosan has shown higher selective index compared with ddC and ddI as HIV drugs.. These results suggest that sulfated chitosan derivatives were expected as an anti-HIV drug with differential driving force mechanism against some nucleoside analogs drug in the future.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.43-54
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• 2002

식빵의 기능성 강화를 위하여 밀가루에 chitosan을 1, 3, 5% 첨가하여 반죽의 발효력, 빵의 부피 및 비용적, 관능검사에 의한 품질평가, 노화진행 등의 분석으로 제빵에 미치는 영향을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 반죽의 발효력은 chitosan 1%, 첨가시 가장 양호하였으며 chitosan 양이 증가할수록 발효는 지연되었다. 2. 빵의 부피는 chitosan 1% 첨가시 가장 양호하였으며 chitosan 양이 증가할수록 부피가 작았고, 비용적도 chitosan 1% 첨가시에 가장 높은 값을 타나냈다. 3. 노화 진행 정도는 chitosan 1% 첨가시 가장 느리게 진행되었다. 4. 관능검사에 의한 빵의 품질 평가는 chitosan 1% 첨가시 가장 높은 값을 나타냈다. 따라서 본 연구로 chitosan을 1%, 첨가시 제빵 적성이 양호하였을 뿐만 아니라 chitosan을 함유한 기능성 식빵 개발이 가능한 것을 보여주었다.

• 한국윤활학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국윤활학회 2004년도 학술대회지
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• pp.323-329
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• 2004

The electrical and rheological properties pertaining to the electrorheological (ER) behavior of chitosan derivatives, chitosan, chitosan ammonium salt and chitosan phosphate suspensions in silicone oil were investigated. Chitosan derivative suspensions showed a typical ER response (Bingham flow behavior) upon application of an electric field. However, chitosan phosphate suspension exhibited an excellent shear yield stress compared with chitosan and chitosan ammonium salt suspensions. The difference in behavior results from the difference in the conductivity of the disperse phases due to the difference of their polarizability. The shear stress for the chitosan, chitosan ammonium salt and chitosan phosphate suspensions exhibited a linear dependence on the volume fraction of particles and 1.18 ,1.41 and 1.67 powers of the electric field. On the basis of the experimental results, the newly synthesized chitosan derivative suspensions found to be an ER fluid.

• KSTLE International Journal
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.49-51
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• 2004

The electrical and rheological properties pertaining to the electrorheological (ER) behavior of chitosan derivatives, chitosan, chitosan ammonium salt and chitosan phosphated suspensions in silicone oil were investigated. Chitosan derivative suspensions showed a typical ER response (Bingham flow behavior) upon application of an electric field. However, chitosan phosphate suspension exhibited an excellent shear yield stress compared with chitosan and chitosan ammonium salt suspensions. The difference in behavior results from the difference in the conductivity of the disperse phases due to the difference of their polarizability. The shear stress for the chitosan, chitosan ammonium salt and chitosan phosphate suspensions exhibited a linear dependence on the volume fraction of particles and 1.18, 1.41 and 1.67 powers of the electric field. On athe basis of the experimental results, the newly synthesized chitosan dervative suspensions found to be an ER fluid.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.242-248
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• 2000

수산물 가공시 흘러나오는 폐수 중에 함유되어 있는 수용성 단백질을 chitosan에 흡착시키기 위하여 albumin과 hemoglobin, albumin-myoglobin 혼합단백질을 이용하여 chitosan과의 흡착 및 chitosan 제조조건에 따른 흡착효과와 chitosan의 수용성 단백질 흡착에 미치는 인자를 살펴본 결과는 다음과 같다. Chitosan위 탈아세틸화 조건을 60, 70, 80%로 달리하여, albumin, hemoglobin, albumin-myoglobin 혼합용액에 적용했을때 chitosan의 탈아세틸화도가 높을수록 chitosan과 단백질 사이의 흡착률은 높게 나타났다. 초음파 처리에 의하여 chitosan의 분자량이 작을수록 chitosan과 단백질 사이의 흡착률은 높게 나타났다. pH변화에 따른 chitosan과 수용성 단백질의 흡착률은 albumin 및 albumin-myoglobin 혼합용액에서는 pH 4.0에서, hemoglobin용액에서는 pH 7.0에서 흡착률이 높게 나타났다 chitosan과 수용성단백질과의 흡착에서 반응시간은 albumin및 albumin-myoglobin 혼합용액에서는 4시간, hemoglobin용액에서는 3시간까지 흡착률이 증가하였고, 그 이후의 시간이 경화하여도 흡착률의 증가는 거의 보이지 않았다. 수용성 단백질 용액에 NaCl 농도를 0.1M에서 1.0M로 증가시켜 첨가했을때 염의 농도가 높을수록 chitosan과 단백질 사이의 흡착이 잘 일어나지 않았다.