• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.13-20
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• 2013

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a severe iatrogenic complication of treatment with antipsychotic medication. The aim of this review is to provide the clinical characteristics and treatments of children and adolescents with NMS. Searches were conducted in Medline, Korean studies Information Service System (KISS), and Research Information Service System (RISS). Sixteen case reports and two review articles were selected in Medline, and two Korean cases reported in department of emergency medicine and pediatrics were selected from RISS. Heterogeneous and atypical presentations of NMS were observed in children and adolescents. Some noticeable differences were observed between adult patients and child patients with NMS. In addition, symptom presentations related to atypical antipsychotic agents differed from those of typical ones. In treatment, bromocriptine and benzodiazepine were recommended for management of symptoms. In particular, electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) was a useful treatment option. For prevention and early detection of NMS in children and adolescents, evaluation of risk factors and understanding of diagnostic features of NMS are very important.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.465-474
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify and describe health care providers' perceptions of family-centered care in pediatrics. Methods: A qualitative descriptive study was designed. Data were collected from individual interviews using open-ended questions. Fifty-six pediatric health care providers participated in the study from January to April 2015. Data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis to identify the major perceptions of pediatric health care providers. Results: The providers perceived that the concept of family-centered care has been incompletely implemented. Five themes (respecting a child's family, taking care of a child with the child's family, sharing information about children, supporting a child's family, a child's family participating in child care) with 11 sub-themes were identified in the providers' experiences with families. To achieve the goal of family-centered care in pediatrics, medical and nursing conditions must be improved, education about family-centered care must be provided, and improvements should be made in the mindset of health care providers regarding patients and in families' willingness to participate in care. Conclusion: The findings from this study provide insight into pediatric health care providers' perceptions of family-centered care. It will contribute to the establishment of a foundation for implementing family-centered care in pediatric nursing.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.127-131
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• 2019

Many neurologic disorders manifest as psychiatric symptoms. Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate (NMDA) receptor encephalitis is an autoimmune disease of the brain characterized by numerous neurological and psychiatric features. Despite being rare, its prevalence is rapidly increasing and early management is critical in ensuring successful and sustainable recovery. Therefore, the illness should be considered as a differential diagnosis when clinically assessing patients. This report presents a case of a female child who was hospitalized for acute psychiatric manifestations, which was later confirmed as anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis. She recovered relatively successfully after combined neurological and psychiatric treatment. This report provides information on the clinical course of early onset anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis, including treatment strategy and prognosis.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.240-251
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• 2000

This study was a preliminary study on the adolescent psychiatric patients that show the characteristics of peer group neglect or rejection. We divided the adolescent psychiatric patients(n=25) into neglect-reject group(n=15) and non-neglect group(n=10). Each patient answered 8 scales and several questions about general relationships with friends. And, both the score of each 8 scales and answer about qusetions were examined. Lastly, records of 5 cases from neglect-reject group were analyzed. The depression dimension score of SCL-90-R, anxiety dimension score of SCL-9O-R, paranoid dimension score of SCL-90-R, interaction anxiousness scale(IAS) score were significantly different between 2 groups. On the result of case analysis about 5 patients of neglect-reject group, the adolescent psychiatric patients had a tendency to be rejected or neglected in case of having developmental problems(for example, language development or cognitive impairment).

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.207-210
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• 2008

The purpose of this paper is to review our experience with mucoepidermoid carcinoma(MEC), a rare tumour in minor salivary glands, in a paediatric patients. 15-year-old boy was noted to have a irregular round mass appearing atthe soft palate just to the right of the mid-line. A computed tomographic(CT) scan showed a palatal mass limited to soft palate with no bony erosion. The lesion was curetted and debulked. Pathology was reported as an intermediate-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma, and the patient was considered to radiation therapy institution for further treatment. To date, patients remain free of disease. Wide local excision is the treatment of choice for low to intermediate grade MEC of the minor salivary glands in paediatric patients.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.66-74
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• 2024

Food addiction refers to a condition in which individuals exhibit addictive-like behaviors toward food, like those observed in substance abuse. Although still debated, evidence supporting the validity and usefulness of the concept of food addiction is growing. Food addiction is particularly associated with obesity and eating disorders involving binge eating. This study discusses the cases of two adolescent patients who presented with anorexia nervosa. During the recovery phase of anorexia nervosa, binge eating was observed, and the patterns of binge eating significantly differed between patients, with and without food addiction. Therefore, healthcare professionals treating eating disorders should be aware of food addiction and modify their treatment strategies accordingly.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.169-177
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• 1997

This is descripitive study conducted to identify educational needs of mothers of nephrotic syndrome patients and the degree of the importance of educational activity perceived by nurses who look after nephrotic syndrome patients. The study subjects were composed of 60 mothers & 63 nurses of nephrotic syndrome patients whose children were hospitalized in 2 Pediatric wards of University Hospital in Seoul and 1 in Pusan from Mar. in 1997 to July 1997. A questionaire for this study was item Kikert type 5 point scale, developed on the basis of previous literature and researcher's clinical experience and the reliability of the used instruments was α=.97. The data analysis was done by SAS. t-test, and ANOVA were done to determine the effect of general characteristics of subjects on their educational needs. T-test was done to measure relations between the degree of educational needs and importance of educational activity. The results were as follows. 1. The Educational needs of mothers ranked as the highest in home care. 2. In character of mothers, the degree of education, economic state, the number of child and occupation was significant in statistically. 3. The importance of educational activity of nurses ranked the highest in diagnosis and treatment of the disease. 4. The educational needs of nephrotic syn. children' mother and importance of nurses were different in diagnosis and treatment of the disease and home care. On the basis of these results, we suggest as follows. 1. It is proposed that nurses use these results of the study actively for the educational program for Nephrotic Syndrome patients and their mothers. 2. It is suggested to make a comparative study of the degree of nurses' understanding of the importance on educational items with the instruments of this study.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.70-78
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• 2022

Purpose: Cholestasis resulting from cytomegalovirus (CMV)-induced hepatitis manifests in 40% of patients with a CMV infection. Ganciclovir treatment in children with CMV infections has proven to be highly effective. Until now, there are very few studies have identified predictive factors for liver biochemistry improvement after ganciclovir therapy. This study aimed to identify the predictors of liver biochemistry improvement in patients with CMV cholestasis after ganciclovir treatment. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using medical records from Dr. Sardjito General Hospital Yogyakarta, Indonesia from 2013 to 2018. CMV cholestasis was confirmed based on serum CMV IgG and IgM positivity and/or blood and urine CMV antigenemia positivity. Incomplete medical records and other etiologies for cholestasis, such as biliary atresia, choledochal cyst, metabolic diseases, and Alagille syndrome, were excluded. Patient age at cholestasis diagnosis and ganciclovir treatment, duration of CMV cholestasis, history of prematurity, central nervous system involvement, and nutritional status were analyzed and presented as an odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Results: CMV cholestasis with ganciclovir therapy was found in 41 of 54 patients. Multivariate analysis showed that a shorter duration of CMV cholestasis (OR: 4.6, 95% CI: 1.00-21.07, p=0.04) was statistically significant for liver biochemistry improvement after 1 month of ganciclovir treatment. The remaining factors that were analyzed were not significant predictors of liver biochemistry improvement in patients with CMV cholestasis after ganciclovir treatment. Conclusion: A shorter duration of CMV cholestasis is the predictor of liver biochemistry improvement after 1 month gancyclovir treatment.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.53-60
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze metacommunicative episodes comprised of nurses' metacommunicative behavior and children's responses occurring in the dyads of nurse-child within the context of an inpatient pediatric unit. Methods: Twelve dyads of nurses and children were videotaped for four hours each day over a two-day period as they interacted with each other on the inpatient unit. The metacommunicative episodes were recorded from the videotapes. The metacommunicative behavior was categorized within Shin's metacommunicative behaviors. Results: The total number of episodes between the nurses and children included in this study was 242. The most frequently used metacommunicative behavior was 'reflection', followed by tagging, baby talk, approaching, mediating eye level, friendly demand, encouraging, description of acts, symbolization, turnabouts, touching, and mimic voice, respectively. The most common response to the nurses' metacommunicative behavior was agreeing, followed by tension release. Conclusion: Young children responded positively to metacommunicative behavior by the nurses. Understanding metacommunicative behavior may help nurses approach their young patients more easily and with confidence.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.181-192
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• 2023

Purpose: The development of assistive devices has allowed for the performance of capsule endoscopy in children. Anticipating the capsule's transit time could affect the efficacy of the investigation and potentially minimize the fasting period. This study determined the predictors of small bowel transit time for small-bowel capsule endoscopy in children and adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease. Methods: We retrospectively examined children and adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease who underwent capsule endoscopy by the age 18 at a Japanese tertiary care children's hospital. Small bowel transit time predictors were analyzed using multiple regression with explanatory variables. Results: Overall, 92 patients, aged 1-17 years, with inflammatory bowel disease (63 Crohn's disease and 29 ulcerative colitis cases) were examined for factors affecting small bowel transit time. In the simple regression analysis, diagnosis, age, height, weight, serum albumin, general anesthesia, and small intestine lesions were significantly associated with small bowel transit time. In the multiple regression analyses, serum albumin (partial regression coefficient: -58.9, p=0.008), general anesthesia (partial regression coefficient: 127, p<0.001), and small intestine lesions (partial regression coefficient: 30.1, p=0.037) showed significant associations with small bowel transit time. Conclusion: Hypoalbuminemia, the use of general anesthesia for endoscopic delivery of the capsule, and small intestine lesions appeared to be predictors of prolonged small bowel transit time in children and adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease. Expecting the finishing time may improve examination with a fasting period reduction, which benefits both patients and caregivers.