• 한국가금학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.111-115
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• 2009

닭은 인간에게 계란과 닭고기를 공급하는 중요한 동물임과 동시에 발생학적, 비교 유전학적으로 매우 중요한 위치를 차지하고 있다. 2004년 발표된 닭의 genome sequencing이후 닭의 유전체 연구에 많은 변화가 일어났다. 본 논문은 그동안 닭의 유전체 연구에 사용된 기초 집단 등 닭 유전체 연구의 재료 현황 및 연구 현황을 재조명하여 봄으로서 앞으로 닭 유전체 연구의 방향을 설정하는데 도움을 주고자 작성하였다.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.275-282
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• 2010

닭의 대사 생리에 대한 연구는 산업적 가치 및 생물학, 의학적으로도 매우 중요하다. 닭의 유전체 염기서열 분석 결과는 2004년에 처음 발표되었고, 이러한 유전체 정보를 바탕으로 유전형과 표현형의 상관관계를 분석하는 연구가 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구는 닭 유전체 정보를 바탕으로 대사 경로를 재확립하고, 닭 특이 대사 경로 유전체 데이터베이스를 구축하였다. 이를 위해 Perl 언어를 기반으로 개발된 자동 파이프라인(pipeline)을 이용하여 여러 생물정보 데이터베이스에 산재해 있는 닭 유전체에 관한 정보를 통합한 닭 특이 통합 데이터베이스를 구축하였다. 또한, 구축된 닭 특이 통합 데이터베이스를기반으로PathoLogic 알고리즘을구현한Pathway Tools 소프트웨어를 이용하여 닭 특이 대사 경로를 재확립하였다. 결과적으로, 닭 유전체 Gallus_gallus-2.1에서 2,709개의 효소, 71개의 운반체(transporter)와 1,698개의 효소 반응, 8개의 운반 반응(transport reaction)이 도출되었다. 이를 통해 총 212개의 대사 경로가 재확립되었고, 1,360개의 화합물(compound)이 닭 특이 대사 데이터베이스에 포함되었다. 다른 종(사람, 생쥐, 소)과의 비교 분석을 통해 중요한 대사 경로가 닭 유전체에 보존되어 있음을 보였다. 또한, 닭 유전체의 assembly와 annotation의 질을 높이는 노력과 닭 및 조류에서 유전자 기능 및 대사 경로에 대한 연구가 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로, 본 연구에서 재확립된 닭의 대사 경로 및 데이터베이스는 닭 및 조류의 대사 연구뿐만 아니라 포유동물 및 미생물과의 비교 생물학적 접근을 통한 의학 및 생물학적 연구에 활용될 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국유전체학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국유전체학회 2006년도 The 15th Korean Genome Organization Conference KOGO 2006 Annual Meeting
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• pp.71-71
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• 2006

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제62권3호
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• pp.420-422
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• 2020

Streptococcus hyointestinalis B19 was isolated from chicken feces collected from local farm in Anseong, Korea. S. hyointestinalis B19 was shown to produce bacteriocin-like compounds exhibiting inhibitory activities against several pathogens including strains of Clostridium perfringens and Listeria monocytogenes. The whole genome of S. hyointestinalis B19 strain was sequenced using PacBio RS II platform. The genome comprised four contigs with a size of 2,217,061 bp. The DNA G + C content was found to be 42.95 mol%. Annotation results revealed 2,266 coding sequences (CDSs), 18 rRNAs, and 61 tRNA genes. Based on genome analysis, we found that the strain B19 possessed various genes associated with bacteriocin synthesis, modification, and transport.

• 한국유전체학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국유전체학회 2005년도 The 14th Korea Genome Conference
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• pp.79-79
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• 2005

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.570-583
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• 2023

Objective: Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) play critical roles in embryo development, and immune responses to infectious diseases. In this study, to investigate the roles of FGFs, we performed genome-wide identification, expression, and functional analyses of FGF family members in chickens. Methods: Chicken FGFs genes were identified and analyzed by using bioinformatics approach. Expression profiles and Hierarchical cluster analysis of the FGFs genes in different chicken tissues were obtained from the genome-wide RNA-seq. Results: A total of 20 FGF genes were identified in the chicken genome, which were classified into seven distinct groups (A-F) in the phylogenetic tree. Gene structure analysis revealed that members of the same clade had the same or similar exon-intron structure. Chromosome mapping suggested that FGF genes were widely dispersed across the chicken genome and were located on chromosomes 1, 4-6, 9-10, 13, 15, 28, and Z. In addition, the interactions among FGF proteins and between FGFs and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) proteins are limited, indicating that the remaining functions of FGF proteins should be further investigated in chickens. Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes pathway analysis showed that FGF gene interacts with MAPK genes and are involved in stimulating signaling pathway and regulating immune responses. Furthermore, this study identified 15 differentially expressed genes (DEG) in 21 different growth stages during early chicken embryo development. RNA-sequencing data identified the DEG of FGFs on 1- and 3-days post infection in two indigenous Ri chicken lines infected with the highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 (HPAIV). Finally, all the genes examined through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and RNA-Seq analyses showed similar responses to HPAIV infection in indigenous Ri chicken lines (R² = 0.92-0.95, p<0.01). Conclusion: This study provides significant insights into the potential functions of FGFs in chickens, including the regulation of MAPK signaling pathways and the immune response of chickens to HPAIV infections.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제65권1호
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• pp.57-68
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• 2023

Flavor is an important sensory trait of chicken meat. The free amino acid (FAA) and nucleotide (NT) components of meat are major factors affecting meat flavor during the cooking process. As a genetic approach to improve meat flavor, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify the potential candidate genes related to the FAA and NT components of chicken breast meat. Measurements of FAA and NT components were recorded at the age of 10 weeks from 764 and 767 birds, respectively, using a White leghorn and Yeonsan ogye crossbred F2 chicken population. For genotyping, we used 60K Illumina single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chips. We found a total of nine significant SNPs for five FAA traits (arginine, glycine, lysine, threonine content, and the essential FAAs and one NT trait (inosine content), and six significant genomic regions were identified, including three regions shared among the essential FAAs, arginine, and inosine content traits. A list of potential candidate genes in significant genomic regions was detected, including the KCNRG, KCNIP4, HOXA3, THSD7B, and MMUT genes. The essential FAAs had significant gene regions the same as arginine. The genes related to arginine content were involved in nitric oxide metabolism, while the inosine content was possibly affected by insulin activity. Moreover, the threonine content could be related to methylmalonyl-CoA mutase. The genes and SNPs identified in this study might be useful markers in chicken selection and breeding for chicken meat flavor.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.305-311
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• 2014

복제수변이(Copy number variation, CNV)는 DNA 다양한 구조적 변화의 한 형태이다. 복제수변이는 인간의 질병 및 농업의 생산성에 영향을 미치는 것으로 알려져 있다. 이전 우리나라의 닭의 품종은 유럽에서 유입되어진 품종을 기반으로 구축되어져 있었다. 따라서 농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원에서는 20년 동안 재래품종을 복원하려고 노력하였고, 5품종 12계통으로 복원하였다. 최근 염기서열분석 기술의 발달로, 해상도가 좋은 게놈 전체의 복제수변이를 발굴할 수 있게 되었다. 그러나 한국 재래닭 품종에 대해서는 체계적인 연구가 이루어지지 않고 있다. 본 연구에서는 한국 재래 닭(계통 L)에 대해서 게놈 전체의 염기서열을 분석하고 닭의 참고서열과 비교하여 재래닭에서 확인된 복제수 변이를 보고하였다. 닭의 28개 염색체에서 총 501개의 복제수 변이를 확인하였고, 이를 Gain과 Loss로 나누어서 표시하였다. 또한 우리는 501개의 복제수 변이를 포함하고 있는 유전자의 기능을 분류하였다. 그 결과, 전사 및 유전자 조절에 관련된 유전자들이 많이 분류되었다. 본 연구의 결과는 복제수 변이와 한국 재래닭의 경제형질 간의 연관성을 설명할 수 있는 기초자료로 활용될 것으로 사료된다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.1536-1540
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• 2012

Chicken primordial germ cells (cPGCs) are founder germ cells in embryonic stage of development that eventually give rise to sperms or oocytes. Currently cPGCs are only known cells enabling germline transmission in chicken and their cultivation protocols were recently established. Although genome modifications of chickens are now theoretically possible using cPGCs, there are still several hurdles to overcome to practically use cPGCs as mediators for chicken transgenesis. First, efficiency of gene delivery into cPGCs remains low with current methods. Second, there aregene silencing mechanisms against the expression of foreign genes in cPGCs. In this study, we successfully increased the efficiency of gene delivery in cPGCs by taking advantage of the TTAA-specific $piggybac$ transposon system. Moreover, a pipette-type electroporator significantly enhanced transfection efficiency up to 5-fold compared withcuvette-type methods. Taken together, the technological advances in our study will provide practical benefits for the application to fulfill genetic modifications of chicken genome.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.302-306
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• 2001

This study was carried out to construct mapping population and to evaluate the methods involved, including polymorphic DNA marker system and appropriate statistical analysis. As an initial step to establish chicken genome mapping project, White Leghorn (WL) and Korean Ogol chicken (KOC) were used for generating backcross population. From 8 initial parents, total 280 backcross progenies were obtained and 40 were used for genotyping and linkage analysis. For development of novel polymorphic markers for KOC, Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers specific for this chicken line were generated. Also included in this study were six microsatellite markers from East Lansing map as reference loci. For segregation analysis, 15 RAPD markers and 6 microsatellites were used to genotype the backcross population. Among the RAPD markers that we developed, 2 pairs of markers were identified to be linked and another 4 RAPD markers showed linkage with microsatellites of known map. In summary, this study showed that our backcross population generated from the mating of KOC to WL serves as a valuable genetic resource for genotyping. Furthermore, RAPD markers are proved to be valuable in linkage mapping analysis.