• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 1994.11a
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• pp.59-64
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• 1994

The Si-SiO$_2$interface trpas of the degraded short-channel SONOSFET memory devices were investigated using the charge pumping techniques. The degradation of devices with write/erase cycle appeared as the increase of the Si-SiO$_2$interface trap density. In order to determine the capture cross-section of the interface trap. I$\_$CP/-V$\_$GL/ characteristic curves were measured at different temperatures. Also, the spatial distributions of Si-SiO$_2$interface trap were examined by the variable-reverse bias boltage method.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 1996.11a
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• pp.164-168
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• 1996

The relation between crystallinity and thermal history in low density polyethylene thin films and their effect on electric conduction phenomena and dielectric breakdown was studied. The low density polythylene thin films obtained by the solution growth method heat-treated at 140[$^{\circ}C$] for 2 h and subsequently cooling to various ways. The degree of crystallinity was estimated by the X-ray diffraction measurement for the specimen of slowly cooling, ICE quenching and liquid nitrogen quenching. The result shows that the crystallinity decreases become faster as the cooling speed increased, and that conduction phenomenon is governed by the space charge limited current in high field. It was found that the dielectric breakdown field increases with an increase in cooling speed and test number in self-healing breakdown method.

• The KSFM Journal of Fluid Machinery
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.27-35
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• 2012

A numerical simulation for particle collection efficiency in a wire-plate electrostatic precipitator (ESP) has been performed. Method of characteristics and finite differencing method (MOC-FDM) were employed to obtain electric field and space charge density, and lattice boltzmann method (LBM) was used to predict the Electrohydrodynamic (EHD) flow according to the ion convection. Large eddy simulation (LES) was considered for turbulent flow and particle simulation was performed by discrete element method (DEM) which considered field charging, electric force, drag force and wall-collision. One way coupling from FDM to LBM was used with small and low density particle assumption. When the charged particle collided with the collecting plate, particle-wall collision was calculated for re-entertainment effect and the effect of gravity force was considered.

• Journal of the Korean Electrochemical Society
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.151-157
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• 2006

A two-dimensional numerical model to study the performance of anode-supported flat-tube solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) far the cross section of the cell in the flow direction of the fuel and air flows is developed. In this model a mass and charge balance, Maxwell-Stefan equation as well as the momentum equation by using, Darcy's law are applied in differential form. The finite element method using FEMLAB commercial software is used for meshing, discritization and solving the system of coupled differential equations. The current density distribution and fuel consumption as well as water production are analyzed. Experimental data is used to verify a predicted voltage-current density and power density versus current density to judge on the model accuracy.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.414-420
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• 2024

Lithium-ion batteries are widely used in many applications due to their high energy density, high efficiency, and excellent cycle ability. Once an unknown Li-ion battery is reusable, it is important to measure its lifetime and state of health. The most favorable measurement method is the cycle test, which is accurate but time- and capacity-consuming. In this study, instead of a cycle test, we present an empirical model based on the C-rate test to understand the state of health of the battery in a short time. As a result, we show that the partially accelerated charge/discharge condition of the Li-ion battery is highly effective for the degradation of battery capacity, even when half of the charge/discharge conditions are the same. This observation provides a measurable method for predicting battery reuse and future capacity degradation.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1996.07c
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• pp.1703-1706
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• 1996

The purpose of this study is to research and develop polypyrrole(PPy) positive for thin film rechargeable lithium battery. We investigated cyclic voltammetry, AC impedance response and charge/discharge cycling of PPy/SPE/Li cells as a function of temperature. The redox capacity of $PPy/CF_{3}SO_{3}$ film was the most large. The discharge capacity of PPy/SPE/Li cell with $PPy/CF_{3}SO_{3}$ film was higher than those of $PPy/ClO_{4}$ and $PPy/AsF_6$ films at all cycles. The energy density of PPy/SPE/Li cells during 1st cycle was 73, 90 and 101Wh/kg at $25^{\circ}C$, $45^{\circ}C$ and $60^{\circ}C$, respectively. The improvement of energy density is due to reduction of charge-transfer resistance associated doping-undoping process in PPy film with Increasing temperature. $PPy/CF_{3}SO_{3}$ film shows a good property on charge/discharge cycling in PEO-$LiClO_4$-PC-EC electrolyte.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers C
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.114-119
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• 2005

We investigated compatibilizing effects of electrical properties such as charge distributions and electrical breakdown in blends of low density polyethylene (LDPE) / polystyrene (PS) with poly [styrene-b-(ethylene-co-butylene)-b-styrene] (SEBS), the triblock copolymer. The blends with $70\;wt\%$ of LDPE and $30\;wt\%$ of PS were prepared through a melt blending in a batch type kneader at a temperature of $220^{\circ}C$ when the SEBS content increased up to $10\;wt\%$. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was investigated for observation of morphology of LDPE / PS blends increasing SEBS contents. The morphological observation showed that addition of SEBS results in the domain size reduction of the dispersed PS phase and a better interfacial adhesion between LDPE and PS phases. Measurements of space charge distributions for blends was carried out with pulsed electroacoustic (PEA) method. It was possible to observe that the amount of charge storage in the LDPE / PS blends decreased wiか increasing of SEBS content. The location of SEBS at a domain interface enables charges to move from one phase to the other via domain interface and results in a indicative decrease in the amount of space charge for the LDPE / PS blends with SEBS. Electrical breakdown strength of these blends was observed. It was found that the maximum breakdown strength of the blend was 51.55 kV/mm. These results were better than 38.38 kV/mm of LDPE used electrical insulator for cables and were caused by crystalinity of blends. Because the crystalinity of blends were lower than LDPE, electrical breakdown strength of LDPE / PS blends is higher than that of LDPE. We evaluated the possibility of these blends for insulating material substituted LDPE.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.2077-2082
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• 2015

Based on Deutsch assumption, a calculation method on the electric field over the ground surface under HVDC transmission lines in the wind is proposed. Analyzing the wind effects on the electric field and the space charge density the existing method based on Deutsch assumption is improved through adding the wind speed to the ion flow field equations. The programming details are illustrated. The calculation results at zero wind speed are compared with available data to validate the code program. Then the ionized fields which resulted from corona of ±800kV HVDC lines are analyzed. Both the electric field and the current density on the ground level are computed under different wind direction and speed. The computation results are in good agreement with measurements. The presented method and code program can be used to rapidly predict and evaluate the wind effects in HVDC transmission engineering.

• Journal of the Korean Graphic Arts Communication Society
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.15-27
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• 2009

Since domestic offset print quality control depends on the experience of persons in charge rather than objective data, the standards from the data are needed for the well-organized quality management of high-quality prints. Based on the ISO standards, now the standard specifications, such as GRACoL 7, SWOP 11, SNAP, G7 in America, and EURO Color, ECI, BVDM in Europe, and Japan Color 2001, Japan Color 2004 in Japan, are employed. There exists KS for domestic standards. However, since it has been directly imported from ISO Standards, there are discrepancies in printing materials and media. Although the quality management of commercial prints has been focused and studied. For this circumstance, standards are needed for the production of prints to meet international standards. This paper aims to find out suitable ways to approach domestic printing standards using densitometric method and colorimetric method. Printing experiments on this study were performed with domestic process color inks(Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, Black) and domestic coated papers, under the same conditions as the actual commercial printing processes. In densitometric method, how to set up the optimal solid print density was studied through three tests such as the ways to match solid print density and print contrast to GRACoL standards respectively, and the way to get the highest contrast. In colorimetric method, how to get solid print density with the minimum color difference between the $CIEL^*a^*b^*$ color specification values in GRACoL standards and the measured color specification values in prints, was studied.

• Journal of Integrative Natural Science
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.226-230
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• 2010

Calculation of partial charge is important in chemistry. However, because there are many methods developed, it is of considerable interest to know how to calculate and apply properly to address various chemical problems. For basis set, usually double zeta quality is acceptable, and double zeta polarization function would be enough for most cases. To describe electronic state more accurately, Many electron configurations would be necessary to describe highly strained or anionic species. The NPA population introduced new concept about amide bonds, i.e., the planar geometry of nitrogen atom may not come from resonance, but from the lowering of p-orbital energy by electronegative carbonyl carbon atom. The issues for hypervalent atomic charges was also addressed by various charge derivation scheme. When the charge schemes were applied to organolithium compounds, the ionic nature of boding was revealed. This comes from the fact that previous Mulliken partial atomic charges overemphasized the covalent character, wihout much justification. The other partial charge derivation schemes such as NPA(natural population analysis), IPP (Integrated Projected Population) showed that much more ionic picture. ESP potential derived charges are generally believed to be suitable to describe intermolecular interactions, therefore they are used for molecular dynamics simulations and CoMFA (comparative molecular field analysis). The charge derivation schemes using multipole polarization was mainly applied to reproduce experimental infrared spectroscopy. In some reports these schemes are also suitable for intermecular electrostatic interactions. Charges derived from electron density gradient have shown the some bonds are not straight, but actually bent. The proper choice of charge-calculation method along with suitable level of theory and basis set are briefly discussed.