• 농업과학연구
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.25-32
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• 1999

본 시험음 활성탄의 첨가가 사료의 반추위내 발효성상 건물 및 영양소 소실율 반추위내 가스 생산량에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 in vitro 조건에서 실시되었다. 활성탄의 첨가수준은 0.00 0.25 0.50 %의 3수준이었으며, 사료의 조농비율은 볏짚과 농후사료 비율을 8:2 6:4 4:6 및 2:8로 하였다. 그리고 처리간 유의성은 5% 수준에서 검정하였다. 시험 결과를 요약하면, 위액의 pH는 활성탄의 첨가 비율이 높아질수록 높아지는 경향을 나타냈으나 유의성은 인정되지 않았으며, 사료의 조농비율에 따른 영향은 8:2구가 다른 처리구보다 유의하게 높았다. 그리고 VFA molar %는 활성탄 첨가에 의하여 유의한 결과는 아니지만 $C_2$는 감소되고 $C_3$는 증가되는 경향을 나타냈다. 또한 조사료비율이 증가될 수록 전술의 결과와는 상반된 현상을 보였다. $C_2/C_3$ 비율도 활성탄의 첨가와 농후사료 비율의 증가에 의하여 감소되는 경향을 나타냈다. 건물 및 영양소 소실율에 있어서는 활성탄 첨가에 의하여 건물 조단백질 NDF ADF hemicellulose의 소실율이 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 그러나 조지방의 소실율은 일정한 경향을 나타내지 않았다. 조농비율에 의한 영향에 있어서는 농후사료의 비율이 증가할 수록 건물 및 영양소의 소실율이 유의하게 증가하였다. 그리고 반추위내 가스 생산량에 있어서는 활성탄 0.5% 첨가구가 0.25% 및 0.00%구에 비하여 감소하는 경향이었고, 조사료의 비율이 높을수록 많아지는 경향이었다. 위 결과에서 보듯이 활성탄은 가축의 생산성 향상에 유리한 조건을 제공하는 경향이 있지만, 이것을 좀 더 명확히 밝히기 위해서는 활성탄의 흡착능력 위내의 세균총에 대한 연구 및 많은 생체실험도 병행되어야 할 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.239-244
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• 2003

A protocol has been developed for rapid large scale clonal propagation of an aromatic endangered medicinal plant, Hemidesmus indicus R. Br. with the elimination of the problems such as premature leaf fall and callus formation during caulogenesis and rhizogenesis. Multiple shoots were induced from shoot tip and nodal explants on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 1 mg/L Benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 0.5 mg/L Napthaleneaceticacid (NAA). Addition of 15 mg/L adenine sulphate to the above medium checked leaf abscission completely, reduced the time required for caulogenesis and restored morphogenetic potential after several subcultures. The in vitro grown propagules were rooted in 1/2 MS medium supplemented with 2 mg/L Indolebutyric acid (IBA) +1 mg/L NAA and sucrose 0.7% (w/v). Addition of charcoal at 100 mg/L to the rooting medium quickened root initiation with a complete check on callus formation. The effect of sucrose concentration on both caulogenesis and rhizogenesis was also studied. The resultant plantlets were acclimatized and grown in fields where ninety eight percent of the rooted shoots survived and grew normally. The estimation of the secondary metabolite content in the shoots of the regenerated plant and the mother plant indicated that the concentration of the three secondary metabolites lupeol, vanillin and rutin was similar.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.269-273
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• 2003

In order to develop an efficient micropropagation protocal for Eucalyptus pellita, on in vitro culture system has been was established by inducing axillary buds from greenhouse stock materials. Among 6different media tested, DKW medium was the best ot induce bast induce both shoot proliferation and growth. Average number of proliferated shoots of 403per explant was obtained at the concentration of 0.1mg/LBA. Most of the stem materials excreted phenolic compounds at the proximal part of the explant and caused darking of the media. Therefore, it was necessary to transfer frequently to a fresh medium and/or to add activated charcoal at the concentration of 0.02％(w/v). Generally on vitro roots were formed easily on 1/2DKW medium with NAA treatment. All the explants rooted at the medium containing 0.2mg/L NAA and displayed vigorous root growth in vitro culture conditions. After transferred to an artificial soil mixture (peatmoss: vermiculrite: perlite, 1:1:1, v/v/v) in the greenhouse, most rooted plantlets survived well without any morphological abnormalities. The results show that the species can be micropropagated effectively by the application of axillary bud culture system.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.90-99
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• 2011

The aim of this study is to develope eco-printing method using natural pigments and chitosan as a natural binder. Three chitosans with different molecular weights were employed to find appropriate conditions including chitosan concentration and pigment/binder ratio. Dye uptake, color and fastnesses of the printed fabrics were evaluated to find optimum conditions within the range of experiments carried out in this study. The effectiveness of chitosan as a printing binder was examined in comparison with color, dye uptake, and fastnesses of conventional synthetic binder and guar gum. It was found that chitosans with low or medium molecular weight were appropriate. Using low molecular weight chitosan, optimum concentrations were 1.7% for charcoal, madder and chlorophyll, whereas 2.2% for ocher, yellow soil, indigo and cochineal. Regardless of molecular weight and concentration of chitosan, the color fastnesess of fabrics printed with mineral pigments were superior to those of the fabrics printed with plant and animal pigments. As pigment/chitosan ratio became higher, rubbing fastness was decreased by 1-3 grade. The colorfastness of printed fabric with chitosan binder was similar to that with synthetic binder, which was higher than that with guar gum.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.278-284
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• 1999

DK1001 is a thebain derivative, which is newly synthesized as an alkaloid analgesic. This study was designed to study effects of DK1001 on the ligands binding to the opioid receptor subtypes, and general pharmacology of DK1001. DK1001 inhibited the binding of [$^3H$]DAMGO, a selective mu-subtype agonist, to the opioid receptor of rat forebrain in a concentration-dependent manner. $EC_{50}$ of DK1001 was significantly lower than that of morphine. DK1001 inhibited the binding of 〔$^3$H〕DPDPE, a selective delta-subtype agonist concentration-dependently. DK1001(0.5 mg/kg) had no effects on behavior, body temperature, blood pressure. respiratory rate, and intestinal charcoal propulsion of mice. In addition, DK1001 did not affect on the contractilities of isolated muscle strips of aorta, ileum, and trachea of rats. These results suggest that DK1001 might be a potent analgesic without serious side effects.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.51-59
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• 1994

마산약(山藥) 경절편(莖節片)의 기내조직(器內組織) 배양(培養)을 위해서 적정배지(適正培地)가 선발(選拔)됨에 따라 이에 적합시(適合時) 되는 생장조절물질(生長調節物質) 활성탄(活性炭)의 처리농도(處理濃度)를 구명(究明)함으로서 기내조직(器內組織) 배양(培養)에 의(依)한 증식율(增殖率)를 높이코져 무기강기성(無機강基性)이 낮은 1/8MS, White에 IAA와 NAA를 $1{\sim}4mg\;/\;\ell$ 로 하고 활성탄(活性炭)을 $0,\;1,\;3,\;6g\;/\;\ell$ 수준(水準)으로 실험(實驗)을 실시(實施)하였던 바 다음과 같은 결과(結果)를 얻었다. 1. 1/8MS 배지(培地)의 경우 $1{\sim}4mg\;/\;\ell$, Kinetin $2mg\;/\;\ell$ 그리고 활성탄(活性炭)을 $1{\sim}3g\;/\;\ell$ 첨가(添加) 하므로서 Shoot 유기(誘起)와 식물체(植物體)의 재분화률(再分化率)이 모두 100%에 달하는 효과(效果)를 보였으며 이러한 효과(效果)는 NAA처리시(處理時)에도 같은 경향(傾向)이 있었다. 2. White 배지(培地)의 경우 IAA $1mg\;/\;\ell,\;Kinetin\;2mg\;/\;\ell$ 그리고 활성탄(活性炭) $6g\;/\;\ell$ 첨가처리(添加處理)와 NAA $4mg\;/\;\ell,\;Kinetin\;2mg\;/\;\ell$ 그리고 활성탄(活性炭)을 $1g\;/\;\ell$ 첨가처리(添加處理) 만이 식물체(植物體)의 재분화율(再分化率)이 l00%에 달하였으나 그 외(外) 처리(處理)에서는 대부분(大部分) 저조(低調)하였다. 3. 발육상태(發育狀態)를 보면 1/8M /S 배지(培地)의 경우 IAA $2mg\;/\;\ell,\;Kinetin\;2mg\;/\;\ell$ 그리고 활성탄(活性炭)을 $1g\;/\;\ell$ 첨가처리(添油處理)와 NAA $4mg\;/\;\ell,\;Kinetin\;2mg\;/\;\ell$ 활성탄(活性炭)을 $1g\;/\;\ell$ 첨가처리(添加處理) 하므로서 모두 주당(株當) 본수(本數)가 $2.3{\sim}2.7$개(個)이고 발육상태(發育狀態)도 활성탄(活性炭)$0g\;/\;\ell,\;3g\;/\;\ell,\;6g\;/\;\ell$ 처리(處理)보다 양호(良好)하였다. 4. 그러나 White 배지(培地)의 경우 IAA $1{\sim}4mg\;/\;\ell,\;NAA\;1{\sim}mg\;/\;\ell$ 그리고 $Kinetin\;2mg\;/\;\ell$ 처리(處理)의 대부분(大部分)이 주당(株當) 본수(本數)가 거의 1개체(個體) 정도(程度)이도 발육상태(發育狀態)도 불량(不良)하였으나 NAA $4mg\;/\;\ell\;Kinetin\;2mg\;/\;\ell$ 그리고 활성탄(活性炭) $1g\;/\;\ell$ 첨가처리(添加處理)에서 만이 주당(株當) 본수(本數)가 2.3개이고 개체당(個體當) 발근수(發根數)가 월등(越等)히 많았다. 5. 실험결과(實驗結果) 마 경절편(莖節片) 배양(培養)의 Shoot유가(誘起)에 가장 효과적(效果的)인 배지(培地)는 1/8MS+1AA $2mg\;/\;\ell+Kinetin\;2mg\;/\;\ell$+활성탄(活性炭) $1g\;/\;\ell$ 이였으며, White+NAA $4mg\;/\;\ell+Kinetin\;2mg\;/\;\ell$+활성탄(活性炭)$1g\;/\;\ell$ 로 처리(處理)하는 것이 바람직한 결과(結果)를 얻었다.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.195-202
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• 1998

The development of a protocol for high efficiency of embryogenic callus separation, maintenance and plant regeneration from the seeds of zoysiagrass cv. Zenith was studied. Embryogenic callus ratio is absolutely determined by genotype, but by adding high concentration of copper into medium, changing light condition and maintaining callus on initial induction medium for 8∼10 weeks, embryogenic callus can be easily distinguished and its growth can be promoted. There were significant differences among selected callus lines (each from one seed) according to their growth rates and regeneration percentages. Callus pre-treatment with activated charcoal inhibited callus growth, increased the level of precocious germination during culture and promoted shoot cluster formation after transfer to regeneration medium. For long-term callus maintenance, N6AA medium was better than MS medium, because the former inhibited non-embryogenic callus formation and kept vigor of embryogenic callus. The best callus lines Z-(5) has been successfully used for transformation and somaclonal variation selection in our laboratory.

• 해양환경안전학회:학술대회논문집
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• 해양환경안전학회 2004년도 추계학술발표회
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• pp.105-108
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• 2004

Organic acid is made with carbonized organic acid that is produced from charcoal burning process. It is evaluated whether carbonized organic acid is able to removed Enteromorpha in the laboratory and Porphra aquaculture farm test. The optimum condition for Enteromorpha removal are revealed ten times dilution and ten second immersion. The mortality rate of Enteromorpha is $95\%$ and diatom-detaching rate is $100\%$ by the organic acid treatment. On the other hand, the mortality rate of Porphra is lower than $5%\$. It was measured that nitrogen was 0.175 mg/l and phosphorus was 0.0158 mg/l. Therefore, Concentration of nutrients were lower than being necessary to Porphra growth. Growth rate of Porphra was $12\%$ increased by organic acid treatment with carbonized organic acid added nutrient.

• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.720-724
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• 1998

Open-top field chamber study was carried out to investigate effect of ambient ozone level on the yield of rice cultivar 'Dongjin' in Kwangyang area located in the vicinity of the industrial complex of Yechon petrolium refinery and chemical works or Kwangyang Iron and Steel works during the summer of 1997. mean ozone concentration of ambient air during daytime (9:00∼17:00) was revealed to exceed over 40 ppb which is defined to be a critical level causing plant injury and yield reduction in Europe. Yield component analysis showed that there was no significant difference in rice yield between ambient air and charcoal-filtered air. The results suggest that the ambient ozone levels during the exposure period had no effect on yield reduction of rice cultivar 'Dongjin' and it is likely that the cultivar is tolerant to ambient ozone levels.

• 한국토양환경학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.3-10
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• 1999

The unknown amount of thiolane retained on different soil matrix was characterized by employing an uniquely designed glass vessel, which was forced to purge the prepared slurry sample so that thiolane may diffuse into Tenax/charcoal tube. Thiolane can be recovered ranging from approximately 89 % at 1 ppm regardless of soil types, which was not consequently affected by potential biodegradation during sample preparation. For 5 ppm. thiolane is more recoverable up to 92 % for sand, whereas it was poorly recovered as low as 85 % for clay. It strongly suggests that controls should be considered when soil types varied in a concerned area. The technique was eventually capable of determination of thiolane for the samples taken from the site which led to be taken into consideration for proper site remediation.