• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제12권8호
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• pp.1273-1276
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• 1999

Several reports have indicated that a rectal temperature of buffaloes is easily influenced by their surroundings. To clarify an effect of changing environmental temperature on thermoregulatory responses of buffaloes, an environment with diurnal temperature changes of $25^{\circ}C$ to $35^{\circ}C$ was created using an artificial climate laboratory. Three swamp buffaloes and three Friesian cows were exposed to three different experimental periods as follows: Period 1 (constant temperature of $30^{\circ}C$, Period 2 (diurnally changing temperature) and Period 3 (diurnally changing temperature and fasting). Heat production, rectal temperature, respiration rate, heart rate and respiration volume were measured during each period. Rectal temperature of the buffaloes fluctuated diurnally with the changing temperature (Periods 2 and 3), but remained constant in cows. Mean heat production was significantly lower in buffaloes than in cows in Period 2 and 3. However, the maximum rectal temperature and the increment of heat production were not always lower in buffaloes than in cows during Period 2. These results show that a rectal temperature and heat production in buffaloes are markedly influenced by the diurnal changes in temperature. Compared with Bos Taurus cows, the differences may be attributed to the physiological features of buffaloes including a high heat conductivity of their bodies and an lower heat production.

• 식물병연구
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.121-133
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• 2020

기후변화와 이상기후, 급변하는 사회경제적 환경 하에 식량안보를 확보하고 지속가능한 성장을 위해서는 기존의 관행농업을 벗어나 빅데이터와 인공지능을 활용한 스마트농업으로의 전환이 시급하다. 스마트농업을 통해 식물병을 효율적으로 관리하기 위해서는 다양한 첨단기술과 융합할 수 있는 농업 빅데이터가 우선 확보되어야 한다. 본 리뷰에서는 스마트식물병관리를 위해 식물병리학 분야에서 기여할 수 있는 기상환경 및 농업 빅데이터에 대해 알아보고 이를 활용한 식물병의 예측, 모니터링 및 진단, 방제, 예방 및 위험관리의 각 단계별로 현재 우리가 어느 위치에 있는지를 살펴보았다. 이를 바탕으로 현재까지 스마트식물병관리를 위해 준비해온 것과 미흡했던 부분, 앞으로 나아가야 할 방향을 제시하고자 한다.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.92-105
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• 2018

In this study, the projected land use area in 2030 for major crop production was estimated in Jeju Island using land cover map, and corresponding agricultural water demand for 40 sub-regions was quantitatively assessed using the future climate change scenario (RCP 4.5). Estimated basic unit of water demand in 2030 was the highest in the western region, and the lowest in the eastern region. Monthly maximum agricultural water demand analysis revealed that water demand in August of 2030 substantially increased, suggesting the climate of Jeju Island is changing to a subtropical climate in 2030. Agricultural water demand for sub-region in 2030 was calculated by multiplying the target area of the water supply excluding the area not in use in winter season by the basic unit of water demand, and the maximum and minimum values were estimated to be $306,626m^3/day$ at Seogwipo downtown region and $77,967m^3/day$ at Hallim region, respectively. Consequently, total agricultural water demand in Jeju Island in 2030 was estimated to be $1,848,010m^3/day$.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제36권7호
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• pp.611-616
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• 2015

엘니뇨와 남방진동(엔소)은 변동 주기가 2-8년으로 넓게 걸쳐있으며 그 진폭과 주기 또한 천천히 변하는데 이런 특징을 각각 엔소 불규칙성과 엔소 변조라 한다. 이 연구는 비선형 대기 변동성을 나타나는 Lorenz-63 모형과 간단한 충전 진동자 모형을 결합함으로써 비선형 저차 기후모델을 개발하였다. 이 모델은 동태평양의 해수면 온도 변동의 중심주기, 넓은 주기성, 강도의 수십 년 변동 등과 같은 관측에서 보이는 엔소 특징을 잘 재현하였다. 이것은 대기 카오스 강제력이 엔소의 불규칙성과 변조를 이끌 수 있음을 보여준다. 덧붙여 모델은 서태평양 온난역의 대류활동이 강해지면 라니냐 발생 가능성이 높아지는 것을 제시하였다. 이 모델은 간단하면서도 적도 태평양의 대기-해양 비선형 상호작용을 잘 모사하고 있기에 향후 장기 기후변화 연구에 활동될 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국관개배수논문집
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.64-76
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• 2012

Recently, it has been increased disaster of crops and agricultural facilities with climate change such as regional storm, typhoon. However agricultural facilities have unsafe design criteria of improving drainage corresponding to this change. This study has analyzed the impact that inundation area and magnitude of drainage-facility is decided based on fixed- and unfixed-duration precipitation by applying revised design criteria of drainage for climate change. The result was shown that 1-day and 2-days rainfall for 20-years return period has increased about 11.4%, 4.4% respectively by changing fixed- to unfixed duration. And the increase rate of design flood was 15.0%. The result was also shown that Inundation area was enlarged by 6.6% as well as increased inundation duration under same basic condition in designed rainfall between fixed- and unfixed-duration. According to the analysis, it is necessary for pump capacity in unfixed-duration to be increased by 70% for same effect with fixed-duration. Therefore, when computing method of probability precipitation is changed from fixed one to unfixed-duration by applying revised design criteria, there seems to be improving effect in drainage design. Because 1440-minutes rainfall for 20-years return period with unfixed-duration is more effective than 1-day rainfall for 30-years return period with fixed-duration. By applying unfixed-duration rainfall, capacity of drainage facilities need to be expanded to achieve the same effects (Inundation depth & duration) with fixed-duration rainfall. Further study is required for considering each condition of climate, topography and drainage by applying revised design criteria.

• 한국연안방재학회지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.119-131
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• 2017

Global warming under the influence of climate change and its direct impact on glacial and sea level are known issue. However, there is a lack of research on an indirect impact of climate change such as coastal structure design which is mainly based on a frequency analysis of water level under the stationary assumption, meaning that maximum sea level will not vary significantly over time. In general, stationary assumption does not hold and may not be valid under a changing climate. Therefore, this study aims to develop a novel approach to explore possible distributional changes in annual maximum sea levels (AMSLs) and provide the estimate of design water level for coastal structures using a multiple non-crossing quantile regression based nonstationary frequency analysis within a Bayesian framework. In this study, 20 tide gauge stations, where more than 30 years of hourly records are available, are considered. First, the possible distributional changes in the AMSLs are explored, focusing on the change in the scale and location parameter of the probability distributions. The most of the AMSLs are found to be upward-convergent/divergent pattern in the distribution, and the significance test on distributional changes is then performed. In this study, we confirm that a stationary assumption under the current climate characteristic may lead to underestimation of the design sea level, which results in increase in the failure risk in coastal structures. A detailed discussion on the role of the distribution changes for design water level is provided.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.62-71
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• 2021

The climate is changing rapidly, and this may pose a major threat to global biodiversity. One of the most distinctive consequences of climate change is the poleward and/or upward shift of species distribution ranges associated with increasing temperatures, resulting in a change of species composition and community structure in the forest ecosystems. The Baekdudaegan mountain range connects most forests from the lowland to the subalpine zone in South Korea and is therefore recognized as one of the most important biodiversity hotspots. This study was conducted to understand the distribution range of vascular plants along elevational gradients through field surveys in the six national parks of the Baekdudaegan mountain range. We identified the upper and lower distribution limits of a total of 873 taxa of vascular plants with 117 families, 418 genera, 793 species, 14 subspecies, 62 varieties, two forms, and two hybrids. A total of 12 conifers were recorded along the elevational gradient. The distribution ranges of Abies koreana, Picea jezoensis, Pinus pumila, and Thuja koraiensis were limited to over 1000 m above sea level. We also identified 21 broad-leaved trees in the subalpine zone. A total of 45 Korean endemic plant species were observed, and of these, 15 taxa (including Aconitum chiisanense and Hanabusaya asiatica) showed a narrow distribution range in the subalpine zone. Our study provides valuable information on the current elevational distribution ranges of vascular plants in the six national parks of South Korea, which could serve as a baseline for vertical shifts under future climate change.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.280-291
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• 2021

The study examined the influence of climate and soil dynamics on vegetation health across the ecological zones in Rivers State, Nigeria. MODIS imagery was used to assess the vegetation health through NDVI and point grid pattern of meteorological data for total precipitation (TP), air temperature (AT), soil moisture (SM) and soil temperature (ST) of 2000, 2003, 2006, 2009, 2012 and 2015 were used for the study. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis. Findings showed that NDVI ranged between 0.420 and 0.612 in the freshwater swamp (FWS) while between 0.465 and 0.611 in the rainforest and the NDVI in the mangrove was generally low. The highest mean AT was experienced in the mangrove ecological zone and the least was experienced in the rainforest. The mean SM was generally highest in the rainforest with highest value in 2000 (774.44 m³/m³). The ST was highest in the mangrove and the least was experienced in the rainforest while the TP was highest in the mangrove. NDVI correlated significantly with SM (r=0.720; p<0.05) and ST (r= -0.493; p<0.05). NDVI, SM, TP and ST significantly varied among the ecological zones. Regression analysis showed that vegetation health was significantly related to the combination of soil temperature and soil moisture (R²=0.641; p=0.000). Thus, monitoring the factors that affect vegetation health in a changing climate and soil environments is highly required.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.797-807
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• 2023

본 연구의 목적은 기후변화로 인한 태풍 변화에 대해 알아보고, 이로 인한 주거시설의 피해위험을 정량화하는 것이다. 전 세계적으로 지구온난화로 인한 기후이상과 악기상이 급증하고 있으며, 이로 인한 피해가 급증하고 있다. 특히, 많은 국가에서는 태풍의 패턴 변화로 인해 극심한 피해를 경험하고 있다. 그러나 기후변화에 따른 태풍의 변화와 변화한 위험으로 인한 건물 피해에 대한 실증적 정량화 연구는 부족하다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 태풍의 변화를 알아보기 위해 우리나라에 영향을 미친 태풍의 빈도와 강도를 분석해 보고, 주거시설의 한국형 태풍 취약도 함수를 활용하여 태풍의 위험변화를 정량화하였다. 본 연구를 통해 민간에서는 기후변화로 인한 태풍 위험의 증가에 따른 다양한 태풍 피해 시나리오 도출 및 비즈니스 모델 도출이 가능하며, 정부에서는 다양한 태풍 대비 위험 관리 전략을 수립할 수 있을 것이다.

• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.699-727
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• 2012

Conditions of farm crop switching are affected by several important external factors such as agricultural products import opening, policy support, and climate change. Farming environment is always changing; barriers to imports are becoming lower and lower because of FTA and others, and climate change affects a boundary line of cultivation. Those situations give farmers motivation to change crops in order to cope with them. In addition, crop switching has been done in response to the local government measures about purchase of local agricultural products according to the local food and the expansion of organic agricultural products in school meal. Even though the favorable environment toward crop switching has been created, there are not many researches or outcomes regarding crop switching. Only few studies focus on the list of decision-making in crop switching, and locally suitable crop selection is not treated. In order to utilize crop switching as a farm management strategy, the proper frame should be studied and practical researches on application possibility also need. Therefore, study on crop switching is in a timely, proactive manner because farms catch the chance of expansion of school meal by changing crops. This paper applies HERO model used for venture foundation process to crop switching process. Success factors of HERO model are comprised of Habitate, Entrepreneurship, Resource, and Opportunity, and these phased application factors are applied to crop switching process. By doing so, each phase success factor of crop switching can be uncovered. Three farm organizations supplying organic agricultural products to schools are studied in Gyeonggi province. As a result, the stabilization stage cannot be achieved because of the habitate conditions and social conditions with low risk bearing of crop switching and current school meal systems are the main problems to block the diversification of risks. In order to succeed in crop switching, constructing the habitate in local districts or in systems of school meal is more effective than supporting each farm.