• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.288-299
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the weight fluctuations in college students during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and identify lifestyle and dietary changes related to weight gain. Methods: An online survey was conducted on 270 college students from September 22 to October 26, 2021. A logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the relationship of weight gain with the general characteristics, lifestyle, and dietary changes of the students. Results: Among the respondents, 42.9% of men and 44.7% of women reported weight gain. The main reasons given for weight gain were reduced activities due to restrictions during lockdown and diet changes, mainly relating to delivered or fast foods. Among the general characteristics and lifestyle factors poor perceived health (odds ratio [OR], 3.97, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.98-7.96) and being underweight (OR, 0.19, 95% CI, 0.05-0.83) were significantly associated with weight gain. With respect to the diet, increased frequency of eating breakfasts (OR, 4.44, 95% CI, 1.76-11.21), decreased frequency of eating snacks (OR, 0.35, 95% CI, 0.16-0.77), decreased frequency of fruit intake (OR, 3.0, 95% CI, 1.32-6.80), increased frequency of carbonated and sweetened beverage intake (OR, 2.74, 95% CI, 1.26-5.99) and increased frequency of fast food consumption (OR, 2.32, 95% CI, 1.14-4.70) were significantly associated with weight gain. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic affected weight gain and caused lifestyle and dietary changes. Specific health and nutrition management plans should be prepared for handling future epidemics of infectious diseases based on the results of surveys conducted on larger sample size.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.147-154
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• 2024

The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has changed physical activities due to social distancing to prevent the spread of infectious disease. The restriction could affect physical activities and serum lipid levels. The purpose of this study is to investigate changes of serum lipid levels and physical activities due to the social distancing between the pre-and-post COVID-19 pandemic on Jeju Island. A total of 5,373 subjects who underwent medical examination at a medical center located on Jeju Island. between May 2018 and December 2021 was enrolled. They were divided into two groups (the pre-COVID-19 vs. the post-COVID-19) based on their medical checkup dates and analyzed about clinical variables between them. Among the clinical variables, the mean age (P<0.014) and the mean levels of high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (P=0.001), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (P=0.039) and total-cholesterol (P<0.001) and the proportions of subjects with abdominal obesity (P<0.001), aerobic exercise (P=0.003) and physical activity (P=0.008) were significantly higher in the post-COVID pandemic than those in the pre-COVID-19 pandemic. Even though the proportions of subjects with physical activity and aerobic exercise were statistically greater in the post-COVID-19 pandemic, those with central obesity and dyslipidemia were significantly higher in the period than before on Jeju Island.

• Educational Technology International
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.81-114
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• 2023

The study aimed to qualitatively examine middle school students' engagement in distance instruction during the COVID-19 pandemic. The participants comprised 119 students from a girls' middle school in Seoul, South Korea. To gain an in-depth understanding of the students' experiences, we collected their reflective journals, which included structured items about their learning engagement at three timepoints in 2020: April, July, and December. The following are the results: 10 themes and 18 concepts were derived, and they were integrated into causal conditions (sudden transition due to COVID-19), contextual condition (technology readiness, school education context), central phenomena (high level of behavioral engagement, low emotional engagement), interventional conditions (recognizing the potential of online learning, situational awareness about COVID-19 and online learning), action/interaction phenomena (development and use of self-regulated learning strategies), and consequences (changes in practices and perception towards online learning). Based on the findings, engagement patterns of the participants were classified into five types: proactive, conservative, receptive, reactive, passive learners. The present study demonstrated important findings that are essential for the improvement and development of engaging online learning strategies in the future.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.60 no.1
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• pp.1-20
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• 2022

This paper presents a social network analysis of changes in Home Economics education content loaded on YouTube before and after the outbreak of COVID-19. From January 1, 2008 to June 30, 2021, a basic analysis was conducted of 761 Home Economics education videos loaded on YouTube, using NetMiner 4.3 to analyze important keywords and the centrality of video titles and full texts. Before COVID-19, there were 164 Home Economics education videos posted on YouTube, increasing significantly to 597 following the emergence of the pandemic. In both periods, there was more middle school content than high school content. The content in the child-family field was the most, and the main keywords were youth and family. Before COVID-19, a performance evaluation indicated that the proportion of student content was high, whereas after the outbreak of the disease, teacher content increased significantly due to the effect of distance learning. However, compared with video use, the self-expression and participation of users were lower in both periods. The centrality analysis indicated that in the title, 'family' exhibited a high degree of both centrality and eigenvector centrality over the entire period. Degree centrality of the video title was found to be high in the order of class, online, family, management, etc. after the outbreak of COVID-19, and the connection of keywords was strong overall. Eigenvector centrality indicated that career, search, life, and design were influential keywords before COVID-19, while class, youth, online, and development were influential keywords after COVID-19.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.289-297
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to learn about the life style change experience of undergraduate due to COVID-19. The study was conducted from March 23, 2020 to March 30, 2020 and was conducted on five undergraduate residing in Jeonju. We valued individual's subjective experiences and analyzed them by applying on of the qualitative studies to identify and describe the phenomena as they are. The study found that the lifestyle changes of undergraduate due to COVID-19 were derived from three components: Psychological change, Environmental change, and Behavioral change. Though the participants felt uneasy and terrified by COVID-19 through the experience of psychological change, they expressed relief and anticipation for the increase in the number of complete healers. Experience of environmental change has experienced social distance, changes in academic operation, and difficulty in finding jobs to prevent infection. Behavioral changes have experienced a matrix of mask purchases and thorough management of personal hygiene, which is considered to protect oneself from COVID-19 while also being considerate to others. It is believed that the government will need to provide psychological and behavioral mediation programs for problems arising from the practice of social distance.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.265-277
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• 2022

This study investigated alterations in the health behaviors and eating habits due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. An online survey was administered to 270 university students from September 22, 2021 to October 26, 2021. While the frequency of eating at home had increased during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to before the pandemic, there was a decrease in the frequency of eating out, drinking, and eating vegetables. However, the frequency of eating delivery, takeout, and convenience foods and the utilization of online shopping and delivery apps had considerably increased. In addition, when selecting menus, considerations of health, hygiene, and convenience were more important during the COVID-19 pandemic than before the COVID-19 pandemic. Physical activity more than 3 days a week had decreased, whereas sedentary time showed a proportionate increase. The percentage of people who perceived their health status to be worsening was determined to have increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. To prepare for the era of infectious diseases, future research needs to identify health behaviors and dietary problems by administering surveys that include a large sample size and participants of various ages. Moreover, health promotion and nutrition management plans should be prepared accordingly.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.1-27
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• 2021

The entire tourism industry is being hit hard by the COVID-19 as a global pandemic. Accommodation sharing services such as Airbnb, which have recently expanded due to the spread of the sharing economy, are particularly affected by the pandemic because transactions are made based on trust and communication between consumer and supplier. As the pandemic situation changes individuals' perceptions and behavior of travel, strategies for the recovery of the tourism industry have been discussed. However, since most studies present macro strategies in terms of traditional lodging providers and the government, there is a significant lack of discussion on differentiated pandemic response strategies considering the peculiarity of the sharing economy centered on peer-to-peer transactions. This study discusses the marketing strategy for individual hosts of Airbnb during COVID-19. We empirically analyze the effect of changes in listing descriptions posted by the Airbnb hosts on listing performance after COVID-19 was outbroken. We extract nine aspects described in the listing descriptions using the Attention-Based Aspect Extraction model, which is a deep learning-based aspect extraction method. We model the effect of aspect changes on listing performance after the COVID-19 by observing the frequency of each aspect appeared in the text. In addition, we compare those effects across the types of Airbnb listing. Through this, this study presents an idea for a pandemic crisis response strategy that individual service providers of accommodation sharing services can take depending on the listing type.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.318-333
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to analyze changes in dental trauma in children under the age of 12 during the period of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). March 2020, when COVID-19 was officially declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization, was set as the starting point for COVID-19. From March 2018 to February 2020, subjects in the pre-COVID-19 period were classified as the Pre-COVID-19 group, and from March 2020 to March 2022, subjects in the post-COVID-19 period were classified as the COVID-19 group. Information related to trauma was collected through electronic medical records. The number of trauma patients before and after the outbreak of COVID-19 decreased significantly. During the COVID-19 period, there was no significant difference in the male-female ratio or the distribution order of age groups. In the COVID-19 group of permanent teeth, the ratio of trauma caused by personal mobility was higher than trauma caused by sports. In the COVID-19 group of permanent teeth, the ratio of crown fracture with pulp involvement was significantly higher than the ratio of crown fracture without pulp involvement. Changes in trauma patterns caused by COVID-19 were observed more clearly in school-aged children than in preschool children. In a pandemic situation such as COVID-19, it is expected to be used as a good educational basis for knowing that frequent diagnoses can change due to changes in the environment.

• East Asian Economic Review
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.179-211
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• 2023

This paper investigates the relationship between the spread of COVID-19 and time preference. In contrast to previous studies that compared time preferences before and during the pandemic, this study estimates time preferences during the COVID-19 period using eight surveys conducted over two years. Additionally, a regression analysis was conducted on the number of new COVID-19 cases and the time elapsed since the outbreak, with estimated time preference as the dependent variable. Despite a small sample size, statistically significant results were obtained, showing that as the number of new cases increased, time preference also increased. However, this effect diminished over time and disappeared by the end of 2021 in Japan. This may be due to the public's growing familiarity with the risks of COVID-19 and the availability of vaccines and treatments. Despite a significant increase in new cases in 2022, time preference was lower than immediately after the outbreak, and this was reflected in private investments. Immediately after the outbreak of COVID-19, private investments decreased by 12% compared to the previous year, but the investments are returning in 2022 despite the surge in the number of cases. The trend of time preference explains the trend of Japanese private investments very well.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.301-313
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• 2021

This study was conducted on 253 artists for a month from April 19, 2020 to study the influence and countermeasures of COVID-19. The analysis results are as follows. First, as a result of frequency analysis, the timing of the occurrence of COVID-19 and the period of the decrease in artist's artistic activities were consistent, and the subjective socioeconomic level perceived by the artist was degraded from COVID-19. Second, as a result of the multivariate variance analysis, the income level and employment environment of artists affected the variables associated with COVID-19. Third, as a result of the hierarchical analysis analysis, the income level and the socioeconomic level changes due to COVID-19, and concerns about COVID-19 infections, have been shown to have had a significant impact on the level of stress felt by artists. Fourth, as a result of qualitative research, the artist reported that he was experiencing economic and psychological difficulties due to the influence of COVID-19, and emphasized the need for policy support as a way to cope with them. We hope that the results of this study will be used as empirical data in the process of developing support systems and programs for artists experiencing economic constraints and social alienation due to COVID-19.