• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2015.05a
• /
• pp.232-232
• /
• 2015

Land use and climate changes are the important factors to determine the runoff and sediment loads from the watershed. The changes also affected to runoff volume/pattern to the dam operation and may cause flood and drought situations in the downstream area. Sirikit Dam is one of the biggest dams in Thailand which cover about 25 % of the runoff into the Central Plain where the Bangkok Capital is located. The study aims to determine the effect of land use change to the runoff/sediment volume pattern and the rainfall-runoff-sediment relationship in the different land use type. Field measurements of the actual rainfall, runoff and sediment in the selected four sub-basins with different type of land use in the Upper Nan Basin were conducted and the runoff ratio coefficients and sediment yield were estimated for each sub-basin. The effect of the land use change (deforestation) towards runoff/sediment will be investigated. The study of the climate change impact on the runoff in the future scenarios was conducted to project the change of runoff volume/pattern into the Sirikit Dam. The improvement of the Sirikit Dam operation rule was conducted to reduce the weakness of the existing operation rules after Floods 2011. The newly proposed dam operation rule improvement will then be evaluated from the water shortage situations in the downstream of Sirikit Dam under various conditions of changes of both land use and climate when compared with the situations based on the existing reservoir operation rules.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
• /
• v.56 no.7 s.107
• /
• pp.115-125
• /
• 2006

The study on plane composition in clothing was focused mainly on woven wear earlier but its application has been reaching the knit wear. This study is confined to the utilization with geometrical linear pattern in the modern apparel. The work here intends to grasp the plane structure found in both woven wear and knit wear and, in particular, to understand the aesthetics of fashion. The modern flat patterned clothing has been affected by the oriental style or postmodernism in view of social and cultural aspect while its fabric material and expression method shows the diversity in terms of industrial and technical aspect. It can be characterized as several outstanding patterns: the geometrical pattern in structure, the linear pattern with seam line and 2-dimensional plane pattern without seam line, and the flexible silhouette integrated into one single shape with human body unlike the traditional apparel The aesthetics of fashion in modern flat patterned clothing can be divided into such category as the organically spatial change, the re-creation of tradition and the non-format framework. The organically spatial change shows the geometrical formation in clothes due to change in dimension, where the organically changing uniformity and generosity appears as the dimension progresses. The timeless without any difference of up and down, left and right, and inside and outside and the discontinuity due to limitless spatial change are also imbedded. The re-creation of tradition tells the reshaped spirits of old tradition by integrating and modifying the hereditary features in the old customed clothing into modern clothing. The modern flat patterned clothing implies the contemporaneousness or the frame through which the old and modern cultures may be shared and indicates the re-creation of the past and uniformity. The non-format framework contains the uncertainty in meaning and it doesn't have any certain standards. As both the apparel and the human body with this style aim at the open space, the numerous contingencies are realized.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
• /
• v.1 no.2
• /
• pp.5-19
• /
• 1998

This attempts to study the change of land use pattern and to (md out the factors to impact the change of the pattern in metropolitan area of Seoul. The data are collected from the 9 units of geomorphological map of the study area with the help of Mapinfo techniques. The data are analyzed statistically with aids of SAS programs. Land use patterns are classified into two: rural and urban and population, urbanization, transportation, industrialization and land development programs are selected as independent variables to change the land use patterns from 1960-1990. The results may be summarized as follows : (1) Arable lands consisted of 30% of the total land in 1960 but the ratio of the arable land decreased to less than 25% in 1990 in the study area. (2) Urban land use types are dominant around southern part of Seoul but rural one are dominant around northern and eastern area of Seoul. (3) Rural type are influenced by population factor but urban land use type are related to transportation and population factors. Land development program is not a significant one to impact the land use pattern in the study area.

• The Journal of the Society of Stroke on Korean Medicine
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.31-39
• /
• 2013

■ Objectives The goal of this pilot study is to observe the change of gait pattern according to the clinical status in a patient with ataxic gait by cerebellar infarction. ■ Methods We measured the spatiotemporal gait parameters of a patient with ataxic gait four times, in which, first, the patient was not able to walk independently, second, able to walk independently, third, unable to walk independently by general tremor, and, last, able to walk independently after disappearing of general tremor. ■ Results When a patient with cerebellar ataxic gait was able to walk independently and the cerebellar tremor was disappeared, the change of gait pattern was that step and stride length decreased and total double support and stance phase increased. ■ Conclusion When different clinical characteristics were improved, the change of gait showed same pattern.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.26 no.11
• /
• pp.639-648
• /
• 2023

The sea surface temperature (SST) and ocean heat content in the Korea Waters are gradually increased. Especially the increasing trend of annual mean SST in the Korea Water is higher about 2.6 times than the global mean during past 55 years (1968-2022). Before 2010s, the increasing trend of SST was led by winter season in the Korea Waters. However, this pattern was clearly changed after 2010s. The increasing trend of SST during summer is higher about 3.9 times than during winter after 2010s. We examine the long-term variations of several ocean and climate factors to understand the reasons for the long-term pattern changes of SST between summer and winter in recent. Tsushima warm current was significantly strengthened in summer compare to winter during past 33 years (1986-2018). The long-term patterns of Siberian High and East Asian Winter Monsoon were definitely changed before and after early- or mid-2000s. The intensities of those two climate factors was changed to the increasing trend or weakened decreasing trend from the distinctive decreasing trend. In addition, the extreme weather condition like the heatwave days and cold spell days in the Korea significantly increased since mid- or late-2000s. From these results, we can consider that the occurrences of frequent and intensified marine heatwaves during summer and marine cold spells during winter in the Korea Waters might be related with the long-term pattern change of SST, which should be caused by the long-term change of climate factors and advection heat, in a few decade.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
• /
• v.26 no.5
• /
• pp.571-580
• /
• 2010

Coastal shoreline movement due to erosion and deposition is a major concern for coastal zone management. Shoreline is changed by nature factor or development of coastal. Change of shoreline is threatening marine environment and destroying. Therefore, we need monitoring of shoreline change with time series analysis for coastal zone management. In this study, we analyzed the shoreline change using airphotograph, LiDAR and satellite imagery from 1971 to 2009 in Uljin, Gyeongbuk, Korea. As a result, shoreline near of the nuclear power plant show linear pattern in 1971 and 1980, however the pattern of shoreline is changed after 2000. As a result of long-term monitoring, shoreline pattern near of the nuclear power plant is changed by erosion toward sea. The pattern of shoreline near of KORDI until 2003 is changed due to deposition toward sea, but the new pattern toward land is developed by erosion from 2003 to 2009. The shoreline is changed by many factors. However, we will guess that change of shoreline within study area is due to construction of nuclear power plant. In the future work, we need sedimentary and physical studies.

• Journal of Marine Life Science
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.41-46
• /
• 2024

This study aimed to reconfirm the sex change scale and pattern of Tegillarca granosa. Although the sex ratio (female : male, female proportion) of T. granosa was 1:2.32 (30.2%) at the initial stage (2011) of the study, it was 1:0.94 (51.5%) after one year (2012) in the same population. The increase of the female proportion was greater in the 2+ year class (23.0%) when compared to the 1+ year class (19.2%). Overall, sex change ratio of 37.6% was observed in this population of T. granosa. The sex change ratio of the 2+ year class (39.3%) was higher than that of the 1+ year class (35.3%). And sex change ratio in the males (42.2%) was higher than that in the females (26.9%). The female proportion was the opposite of the result from 2006~2007, and one of the causes was presumed to be the difference in cumulative water temperature during the gonadal inactive stage (winter).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
• /
• v.53 no.8
• /
• pp.137-148
• /
• 2003

The culture interest regarding the new area causes an effect even in change of fashion and that result Mongol area where it is area other than Japan, China and India and it is having compromised beauty raised it's head. Mongol is in Noin-ula area which is a it's former self of the Hun's. There is to a textile pattern which was used not only the textile pattern which has the feature of Scythian system but also the textile pattern which has the feature of China was used. The feature of Noin-ula's the textile pattern is as follows. Noin-ula's textiles used Scythian system of animal pattern, vine pattern, palmette pattern, thunder pattern, spiral pattern, shape of diamond pattern. Scythian system of animal pattern and vine pattern proves the interchange with the countries to the west of China. Noin-ula's textile pattern is applied to the designer's work of art. The designers are John Galliano, Etro, Chloe, Emmanuel Ungaro and so on, who express the modern ethnic style design. Because the more developed the modern society is the more embossed feature of intention for the race and the fork art, I think that Ethnic style design is applied to modern sensitive and ethnic style in the future.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.21 no.3
• /
• pp.345-350
• /
• 1989

Saprophagous fungi which were isolated from ginseng products were investigated the change of mycellial weight, saponin pattern and saponin contents according to culture periods at different of saponin concentration. Aspergillus sp. showed the greatest mycellial weight in 9 days at 0.3% saponin concentration as well as Penicillium specise A and B. Mycellial weight of all Saprophagous fungi was decresed than control group at 1.0% concentration of crude saponin. Saponin pattern were changed in 6th days of culture by Aspergillus sp. at 0.3% and deteriorated diol ginsenoside respectively. The amount of diol saponins was decreased all the duration of culture by Aspergillus sp. and Penicillium sp. B. whereas Pencillium sp. A was not any change. The amont of saponin in the fresh ginseng and white ginseng medium was decreased gradually according to culture periods by the saprophagous fungi.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
• /
• v.59 no.8
• /
• pp.49-65
• /
• 2009

As basic materials in this research, 874 pieces of engraving that recorded the garment produced by diverse authors in the 17-18th century were collected among the collections of male and female garment in the engraving kept by National Library of France and 216 pieces of engraving were classified among them to observe justaucorps as stated in the materials. Since type of justaucorps in the 18th century can be classified by difference in shape and change through the above engraving materials in large quantity and the shape and composition can be compared and analyzed with other materials such as picture, stored garment, written materials without difficulty, the chronology can be composed by single type of justaucorps. Intending to understand the change in composition caused by type classification and pattern making as per analysis of type property of justaucorps, the men's upper garment in France in the 18th century. Checking change in design per from and materials, justaucorps of 1680-1700s was in silhouette where waist in the length above knee was adhered and slightly spread to lower part. In the type of 1710-1750s, waist adhered remarkably and many pleats were made under waist to produce volume of form that spread to lower part like skirt. In the type of 1760-1780s, straight silhouette was attached to whole body and end of front adjustment in slant line turns to rear part. The developmental aspect of construction can be checked by making pattern. Changing the cutting line of body plate to smoothly connect section and to try to adhere to the body, the development of simpler and delicate pattern production technique was confirmed.