• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.107-115
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• 2015

Objectives : The aim of this study is to investigate the state of cervical disc herniation according to the degree of cervical lordosis and age. Methods : 67 records of inpatients who were diagnosed with herniated intervertebral disc(HIVD) of the cervical spine were analyzed. Cobb's method, Jochumsen method and the Ishihara index were used to measure the degree of cervical lordosis. The state of the cervical disc was identified using magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) of the cervical spine. Then correlations among cervical lordosis, age and cervical disc herniation were analyzed. Results : Disc bulging was associated with hypolordosis and disc protrusion was associated with hyperlordosis and age. Disc extrusion was not associated with either cervical lordosis or age. The number of disc herniations in the cervical spine was correlated with age significantly, but not with cervical lordosis. Conclusions : Cervical disc herniation had a tendency to correlate with age and cervical lordosis, although this is not definite. Future studies that analyze more radiographic images of patients with HIVD of the cervical spine might be necessary to identify the influence of cervical lordosis on cervical disc herniation.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.15-29
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• 2009

Objectives: This study was designed to investigate the correlation between cervical, lumbar lordosis and low back pain(LBP), sex, age and duration of LBP. Methods : Cervical, lumbar lordosis(by Cobb's Method) and Ferguson's angle were measured and evaluated in LBP group and control. Radiograph was taken in lateral direction, erect position. Cobb's angle between C1-C7, C2-C7, L1-L5, L1-S1 and Ferguson's angle were measured and investigated with statistical program. Results: 1. Cervical lordosis have no relation to LBP, sex and age. 2. Lumbar lordosis and Ferguson's angle have no relation to LBP and sex. 3. Cobb's angle L1-L5 have no relation to age. Lumbar lordosis from L1 to S1(Cobb's angle L1-S1) increased in old group(Age>40) compared to young group(Age${\leq}$40). 4. In LBP group, Cobb's angle L1-S1 have no relation to duration of LBP. Lumbar lordosis from L1 to L5(Cobb's angle L1-L5) decreased in acute LBP group compared to Chronic group. Conclusions : Cervical, lumbar lordosis and Ferguson's angle have no relation to LBP and sex. As far as age is concerned, old group have larger lumbosacral lordosis than young group. Acute LBP group have smaller lumbar lordosis(Cobb's angle L1-L5) than chronic group.

• The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.93-100
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• 2006

Objectives: To invesgate correlation between the scoliotic curve and BMI, cervical lordosis, lumbar lordosis and Ferguson angle in spinal scoliotic patient. Methods: The study was composed of 14 scoliosis patients beyond cobb'a angle $10^{\circ}$ (sample I group) and 15 scoliosis patients over cobb'a angle $10^{\circ}$ (sample II group). The patients were evaluated with X-ray findings of full spine AP and lateral views and statistically analyzed. Results: 1. Sample II group showed a significant decrease in BMI as compared with Sample I group(P<0.05). 2. Scoliotic curve had s negative relationship with $BMI({\gamma}=0.406)$ 3. Scolotic patients had a lower cervical angle than normal man. Conclusion: 1. The larger the scoliotic angle, the lower BMI 2. There are no concemed scoliotic curve and cervical lordosis, lumbar lordosis and Ferguson angle.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.199-208
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• 2010

Objectives : To study the cervical lordosis and roentgenographic analysis of cervical disc space in neck pain with or without temporomandibular disorder(TMD). Methods : Radiographic measures of cervical lordosis, cervical disc space narrowing were collected, statiscally analyzed. Results : TMD group showed a significant increase in cervical lordotic angle as compared with non-TMD group, whereas no significant change in cervical disc degeneration. Conclusions : The findings from this study suggest that the curvature of the cervical spine is related to the subject's TMD.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.73-78
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• 2017

Background: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of morphological Change of cervical spine to apply to neck retraction and extension regarding the straight deformity of cervical spine. Methods: A 40-year male subject with straight deformity of cervical spine participated in this study. The study subject underwent a cervical lateral radiography on the static position, neck retraction and neck extension on standing. Measurement method were using computer-based digital radiogram on a picture achieving computer system forthe centroid method, Cobb's angle and Jackson's angle. Results: Neck retraction was increased kyphosis on the C2-4 with lordosis on the C5-7. Neck extension was increased lordosis on the C2-7. Conclusions: These findings suggest that neck retraction was increased kyphosis and neck extension was increased lordosis based on the straight deformity of cervical spine. Therefore, we should be consider that neck extension exercise when increased lordosis for the patients of straight deformity of cervical spine.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.51-56
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• 2016

Background: The purpose of this study is to compare axis change during cervical flexion and extension according to lordosis angle to patients with scoliosis. Methods: Movement axis change was estimated during cervical flexion and extension in twenty-four scoliosis patients with hypolordosis using radiography. Subjects were divided into mild lordotic curve group (MLCG, n=12, $34{\sim}25^{\circ}$) and severe lordotic curve group (SLCG, n=12, less $25^{\circ}$) according to cervical lordosis angle. Results: During cervical flexion, both group showed movement axis change to upper part of cervical vertebra and SLCG showed greater than MLCG but there is no significant difference. During cervical extension, SLCG showed greater than MLCG and there is significant difference. Conclusion: It is considered that cervical hypolordosis acts as important factor to scoliosis and degenerative joint disease because it leads to change of movement axis and central route of joint.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.989-993
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of occipital bone stimulation by cervical stabilizing exercise on the muscle tone, stiffness, ROM, and cervical lordosis in patient with forward head posture(FHP). This study was a case study of a single patient with forward head posture. This study used a ABA' design, A and A' were the baseline phases and B was the intervention phase. The intervention was occipital bone stimulation by cervical stabilization exercise. It was administered once daily for 7 days. The therapist kept hands together, and placed the two index fingers under the subject's occipital bone. The subject performed the chin-in exercise with a maximum isometric contraction for 20 sec.The exercise was implemented by performing the movements 10 times as a set and repeating the set three times. The muscle tone was not significantly changed after intervention. However, the stiffness was decreased and lasted the effect lasted without intervention. The cervical flexion angle was increased, but the cervical extension angle was not significantly changed after the intervention. The left and right lateral flexion angles were increased and the effect lasted without any intervention. However, the left and right rotation angles were significantly changed after the intervention. Cervical lordosis increased not from $37^{\circ}$ to $41^{\circ}$ after the intervention. These results suggest that occipital bone stimulation by cervical stabilizing exercise had a positive effect on cervical stiffness, flexion and lateral flexion ROM, and lordosis in a patient with forward head posture.

• The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.33-41
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• 2010

Objectives : This study is designed to find out the relationship of scoliotic curve, cervical lordosis, lumbar lordosis and Ferguson's angle. Method : The study was composed of 46 scoliosis patients who had single curvature(Group I) on their lumbar spine(Group I-A) or thoracic spine(Group I-B) and 38 patients who had double curvature(Group II) on their lumbar and thoracic spine. The patients were evaluated with X-ray findings of full spine AP and Lateral views and statistically analyzed. Results : 1. Group II showed a significant increase in scoliotic curve angle as compared with Group I(P<0.05). 2. Scoliotic curve has a negative relationship with cervical lordosis in group II. Conclusion : 1. The patients who has double curvature of spine had higher scoliotic curve angle compared with who has single curvature. 2. The Scoliotic curve and cervical lordosis was statistically concerned on patients who has double curvature of spine.

• The Journal of Korea CHUNA Manual Medicine
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.85-92
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• 2001

Objectives : To study the cervical lordosis and disc degeneration in neck pain patients with or without low back pain. Subjects. The study was composed of 57 neck pain patients with low back pain(LBP group) and 40 neck pain patients without low back pain(Non-LBP group). Methods : Radiographic measures of spinal lordosis(cervical and lumbar) and disc degeneration were collected, and statistically analyzed. Results: LBP group showed a significant increase in cervical lordotic angle as compared with Non-LBP group, whereas no significant change in cervical disc degeneration. A relationship was found between cervical and lumbar disc degeneration in LBP $group({\gamma}-0.3064)$. Conclusions : The findings from this study suggest that the curvature of the cervical spine is related to the subject's low back pain.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.41-48
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• 2022

PURPOSE: This study examined the relationship between the cervical lordosis angle (CLA) and the craniovertebral angle (CVA) and between CVA and a cross-sectional area (CSA) of the cervical muscles. METHODS: In 17 healthy college students, the CLA was measured using a posterior tangent technique. The CVA was analyzed using photographic images, and the CSA of the cervical muscles, including longus colli, longus capitis, and sternocleidomastoid, was evaluated using computerized tomography. The Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to determine the relationship between these variables and a neck disability index. RESULTS: The CVA correlated with the CLA and with a CSA of longus colli (r = .487, p = .047 and r = .592, p = .012, respectively). The CLA correlated with a CSA of longus colli (r = .578, p = .015). CONCLUSION: This study clarified the relationship between the postural, structural, and muscular changes in the cervical regions. A significant correlation was observed between the CVA and a CSA of the longus colli with the CLA and between the CVA and the CSA of the longus colli. Prescription strengthening exercises for the deep neck flexors for individuals with a forward head posture and reduced cervical lordosis are useful.