• 약학회지
• /
• 제59권1호
• /
• pp.40-46
• /
• 2015

The term "GMP" firstly came on the 1962 amendment of the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic (FD&C) Act and the US FDA established and officially announced the Good Manufacturing Practice Regulation for the first time in the world in 1963. In 1969, the World Health Organization published the GMP regulation and recommended that member states adopt the GMP regulation and implement the "GMP Certification Scheme" for international commerce of finished pharmaceutical products. As a result, GMP requirements have become important ones that have to be complied with in the manufacture of pharmaceutical products. The Korean GMP regulation was announced as the official notification by the Ministry of Health and Social Affairs in 1977. The KGMP regulation was voluntarily adopted by pharmaceutical companies at the early stage, but it had become mandatory. In addition, various kinds of GMP regulations have been established to cover active pharmaceutical ingredients, biological products and others, in addition to finished pharmaceutical products. Taking account of technological development and changes in the pharmaceutical environments, the KGMP regulation was fully amended and harmonized with GMP requirements of developed countries. In this way, the KGMP has developed to keep up with international trends and standards, leading to accession to the Pharmaceutical Inspection Cooperation Scheme (PIC/S).

• 한국의사학회지
• /
• 제36권2호
• /
• pp.89-98
• /
• 2023

Objectives: This study applied Havruta, a learner-centered educational method, and verified its effectiveness, to break from the existing mechanical memorization methods of scripture reading classes, which are basic subjects of East Asian medicine at East Asian medicine universities. Method: To this end, D University's scripture reading course was redesigned according to Havruta's teaching model, and Havruta classes were conducted according to the instructional design. Results: As a result of the class, students' Chinese translation ability improved, and they were able to concentrate on class (M=4.24). Through class, they acquired knowledge in the field (M=4.21) and their ability to communicate with others improved (M=4.21). M=4.25), it can be inferred and interpreted that the learner is engaged. Conclusion: The results of this study are examples of applying various teaching and learning methods required in the East Asian medicine evaluation and certification of East Asian medicine at East Asian medicine universities, and can be used as practical basic data that can be applied not only to scripture reading subjects but also to other subjects.

• 스마트미디어저널
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.60-66
• /
• 2020

본 논문에서는 블록체인의 분산 ID(DID, Decentralized ID)를 적용하기 위한 생체인증 리모콘(Remote Control, Remocon) 기반의 IPTV 통신사가 다양한 홈 쇼핑 방송사와 연동하는 FIDO(Fast IDentity Online) 거래인증 플랫폼을 제안한다. 이때, DID 기반의 스마트 리모콘은 개인 식별을 위한 생체인식 기법을 적용한다. 이러한 개인별 DID 스마트 리모콘은 분산 ID 블록체인을 적용함으로서, 홈 쇼핑 시청자가 채널 변경정보의 분석을 통해 신뢰성 높은 시청률 조사를 가능하게 한다. 아울러, 스마트 리모콘은 홈쇼핑 채널에서 상품구매 정보이력을 활용함으로서, IPTV의 홈 쇼핑 시청자가 다 채널에서 방송된 동일 상품정보를 블록체인 기법으로 공유 및 제품 특성을 비교할 수 있게 된다. 이로써 홈 쇼핑 시청자가 FIDO2.0 거래인증의 확인을 위한 실시간 온라인 접속결과를 확인함으로서, IPTV 통신사는 다수의 홈 쇼핑 방송사와 시청자용 DID 스마트 리모콘을 통해 홈 쇼핑 주문/결제 정보를 원스톱(One-stop)으로 처리할 수 있다. 또한, IPTV 통신사는 FIDO 거래인증 플랫폼을 통한 홈쇼핑 고객의 편익과 방송사의 결제부담을 경감하는 효과를 기대할 수 있다.

• 한국정보통신설비학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국정보통신설비학회 2007년도 학술대회
• /
• pp.121-124
• /
• 2007

This article describes a function and structure of access network equipment under BcN environment. Access network until now have constructed separately to offer voice, data service. However, simplifies network structure, function that can do traffic concentration, subscriber certification, individual charging, QoS according to service and routing is required in BcN. In this paper, compare method offering by separate system with existing access network and method that offer integrating function inside system for structure of suitable access network to BcN and search structure of access network equipment for desirable access network of hereafter. Composition of this paper is as following. In Chapter 2, establishment history and structure of access network until present. In Chaprte 3, define suitable requirement and functions to BcN. And compare structure for access net work that is new with present. Last Chapter 4, suggests direction of structure of BcN access network and concludes conclusion.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
• /
• 제45권2호
• /
• pp.81-89
• /
• 2024

Purpose : This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of laser acupuncture for each condition using information from laser acupuncture trials registered on clinicaltrials.gov from January 2013 to June 2023. Methods : We quantitatively and qualitatively analysed the results of 16 clinical trials of laser acupuncture whose research results were confirmed. A risk of bias assessment was also carried out to assess the quality of each clinical trial. Results : A meta-analysis including three clinical trials was conducted to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of laser acupuncture and sham laser acupuncture in reducing pain and found that the laser acupuncture group had a statistically significant reduction in pain compared with the sham laser acupuncture group. In addition, 11 of the 13 trials not included in the meta-analysis showed a positive effect of laser acupuncture. Conclusion : Although laser acupuncture has a long history of clinical use and a lot of research, there is still some scepticism due to the lack of a clear mechanism of action and inconsistent reports of clinical effectiveness. In addition, there is a significant lack of systematic reviews of clinical evidence for major disease specific, and ongoing research is needed to establish an objective evidence base for the clinical effectiveness of laser acupuncture.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제22권1호
• /
• pp.379-384
• /
• 2021

30여 년의 결코 짧지 않은 실용음악과 역사 속에서 수많은 졸업생들이 배출되었음에도 불구하고 학생들의 취업은 여전히 풀 수 없는 과제로 남아있다. 졸업생들의 대부분이 학원 강사 혹은 밴드활동 등으로 취업을 하게 되는데, 모두 안정적 생활을 기대할 수 없는 비정규직이다. 국력신장과 더불어 K-POP의 비약적인 발전은 우리의 삶 또한 바꿔놓았고 그로 인해 과거, 사치로만 인식되었던 문화 예술분야가 대중에게 급격히 다가오게 되었다. 단순히 관람만이 아닌 직접 배우고, 익히고, 체험하는 형태로 우리 삶의 질 향상에 매우 큰 영향을 끼치고 있다. 이는 국가적인 정책에도 반영되어, 초, 중, 고등학교에서의 문화예술분야 교육프로그램운영을 비롯한 각 지역 주민센터에서 주민복지 향상을 위한 예술프로그램 운영 등으로 나타나고 있다. 이젠 해당 분야로도 취업 안목을 넓혀야 할 것이며, 이에 따라 자격증 취득관련프로그램을 활성화시켜 취업에 도움이 될 수 있도록 매진해야 할 것이다. 이와 아울러 현재의 음악전공 중등교사 자격증과는 다른 실용음악분야 중등교사 자격증 과정을 만들어야 한다. 4년제 대학의 교직과정 이수, 혹은 실용음악 전문 교육 대학원 설립 등이 매우 절실한 상황이다.

• 종양간호연구
• /
• 제12권4호
• /
• pp.267-273
• /
• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this review article is to introduce how the Korean Society of Genetic Nursing (KSGN) has evolved and tried to translate genomic knowledge to nursing practice, and then to suggest the future role of genetic nurses in Korea. Methods: A literature review was performed and the current status of genetic counselling in Korea was explored. Then the educational and clinical experiences of the authors were incorporated. Finally, the main activities of Korean nursing for genetics were identified. Results: Two types of genetic counsellor certification have been issued in Korea: one is issued by the Korean Society of Genetic Medicine, another by the Korean Society of Breast Cancer since June 2011. A few Korean nursing researchers have continuously performed research related to genetic nursing and undertook several research projects funded by the government since 2003. In February 2011, KSGN was established and is now trying to establish further international networks. Conclusion: Nursing genetic experts should be trained to integrate all specialties for genetic counselling, so they can provide holistic genetic services including ethical, legal, and social issues (ELSI).

• 한국디지털건축인테리어학회논문집
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.25-33
• /
• 2009

So far we have investigate and analyzed the actual conditions of building maintenance in Korea and compared the building maintenance laws and systems between Korea and other countries. Now, based on the results from such comparison and analysis, this study proposes the following ideas for improvement: 1) As we can learn from domestic and foreign case studies, in the existing built-up areas becoming obsolete, many building owners remodel their buildings illegally in reaction to current economic and social changes. Therefore, for efficient maintenance of buildings, it is required to improve building maintenance systems by formulating information about inspection items, inspectors, supervisors, inspection costs and intervals of reporting results, depending on how large the buildings are and what they are used for. 2) In addition, to ensure the success of a building maintenance system, it is necessary to keep and manage a history of building maintenance thoroughly and introduce a certification program which gives an appropriate grade to maintenance performance and commits the government to expand their public roles and supporting policies, as widely used in some foreign countries. Further, in keep the building maintenance system secure, there should be a nationwide consensus as well as a favorable evaluation from building owners and manager, and all related people.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.301-317
• /
• 2020

An enterprise patch-management system (PMS) typically supplies a single point of failure (SPOF) of centralization structure. However, a Blockchain system offers features of decentralization, transaction integrity, user certification, and a smart chaincode. This study proposes a Hyperledger Fabric Blockchain-based distributed patch-management system and verifies its technological feasibility through prototyping, so that all participating users can be protected from various threats. In particular, by adopting a private chain for patch file set management, it is designed as a Blockchain system that can enhance security, log management, latest status supervision and monitoring functions. In addition, it uses a Hyperledger Fabric that owns a practical Byzantine fault tolerant consensus algorithm, and implements the functions of upload patch file set, download patch file set, and audit patch file history, which are major features of PMS, as a smart contract (chaincode), and verified this operation. The distributed ledger structure of Blockchain-based PMS can be a solution for distributor and client authentication and forgery problems, SPOF problem, and distribution record reliability problem. It not only presents an alternative to dealing with central management server loads and failures, but it also provides a higher level of security and availability.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국건축시공학회 2009년도 추계 학술논문 발표대회
• /
• pp.93-96
• /
• 2009

The objective of this study is to analyze the insulation characteristics of the polylon hybrid fiber inserted high-strength RC beam and slab produced as a single body and the results of this study can be summarized as follows. In the spalling mechanism as an insulation characteristic, the slab of the single body type specimen shows an exposure in concrete covers at the center of slab and that leads to the spalling, which exposures reinforcing bars. In the case of the beam, the spalling was presented at several sections as a type of peel spalling before and after 10 minutes from the insulation test. Whereas, although the internal temperature history of concrete represents the highest range as 581℃ in the case of the center of the bottom of beam base, it can be considered that it satisfies the regulation of insulation certification.