• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2-2
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• pp.154.2-154.2
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• 2003

Mammalian cell cycles are tightly regulated by cyclins, cyclin dependent kinase (CDK), Retinoblatoma (Rb) protein, and cellular CDK inhibitors (CDKI). Cyelin dependent kinases (CDK) are key enzymes regulating eukaryotic cell cycle. And also it is recognized that the abnormal increase of CDK activities is one of the common events in human cancer and CDK inhibitors have therapeutic values in cancer treatment. Until now it is known that over 10 different CKDs participate in cell cycle regulation. (omitted)

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제41권8호
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• pp.213-227
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to explore a weekly life of Korean high school students, especially focused on their activities, locations, and flow. The data were collected from 116 high school students by the Experiential Sampling Method, employing a cellular-phone as a signaling device. Students reported, in response to the 6964 random signals, that 43.4% of their time was spent for social/leisure activities. An additional 31% percent of time was used for productive activities and the rest of times belonged to maintenance activities. When engaged in productive activities, they usually reported anxiety, while they felt bored for social/leisure activities and flow for maintenance activities. The most pervasive context of their lives was school (42.8％), followed by home (33.3%), public space (24.6%), and educational institutes (9.2%). In general, they experienced flow for the most of the locations, except educational settings in which they felt anxiety. The flow for productive activities varied by gender, pending on where they had productive activities, while others did not show any significant differences in the activity flow by locations.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.81-102
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• 2018

Objectives : I analysed daehwangmokdan-tang's compatibility principle by the system of chief, deputy, assistant, and envoy and investigated pharmacological activities by categorizing with chemical components, molecular level, cellular level, animal level and human level based on Korean and Chinese studies for this formula. Methods : Daehwangmokdan-tang's compatibiltity principle was examined by the system of chief, deputy, assistant, and envoy. I looked into studies that presented in Korea from 1956 to 2016 about daehwangmokdan-tang through KOREA INSTITUTE OF ORIENTAL MEDICINE, Korean medicine information system (OASIS) and in Chinese for 20 years about daehwangmokdan-tang through China National Knowledge Infrastructure, CNKI. Then classify into chemical components, molecular level, cellular level, animal level and human level to analyse. Results : According to the system of chief, deputy, assistant, and envoy, chief herb is Rhei Radix et Rhizoma and Moutan Cortex, deputy herb is Natrii Sulfas and Persicae Semen, assistant and envoy herbs are Trichosanthis Semen. The amount of extraction of paeonol, total anthraquinone, and conjugated anthraquinone from daehwangmokdan-tang with the formulation of the system of chief, deputy, assistant, and envoy was the highest, and in the formulation of chief herb and deputy herb, the extraction amount of paeonol and conjugated anthraquinone was the lowest. With other formulations, the amount of extraction of total anthraquinone and conjugated anthraquinone was improved, although the degree was different. In particular, when it is blended with Persicae Semen as a deputy herb, the extraction amount of total anthraquinone and conjugated anthraquinone of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma as a chief herb is greatly increased, and the extraction amount of paeonol is rather different, but it is lowered. It was found that the amount of Mg Ca K Na in daehwangmokdan-tang was the highest. Pharmacological activities can be detected in inflammatory mediators and enzymes for molecular level. For cellular level, it can be determined in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cell line. In mouse and rats for animal level and human level, in inflammatory diseases (acute appendicitis, acute pancreatitis, acute cholecystitis, acute abdominal disease, ect.), pharmacological activities was caught. Conclusions : From the above results, daehwangmokdan-tang is composed in line with the system of chief, deputy, assistant, and envoy, suggesting that there is certain rationality and scientific. Pharmacological activities of daehwangmokdan-tang are effective to anti-inflammation, improvement of sepsis, analgesic, muscle relaxation, and improvement of intestinal flora and its metabolites. Daehwangmokdan-tang is consistent with the action of diuresis and anti-inflammation in terms of the content of elements, suggesting that there is action of purging fire and removing blood stasis, defecation detoxification, cooling blood and clearing heat and activating blood and dispersing stasis.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.135-145
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• 1976

Confluent AGMK cells were infected by large plaque SV40 virus. Levels of DNA polymeras $({\alpha}\;and\;{\beta})$ were measured in the cytoplasm and the cell nucleus. The activities of DNA $polymerase-{\alpha}$ which found in both the cell nucleus and the cytoplasm were increased approximately eight folds at 48 hours after infection of SV40 virus. Only insignificant but constant amounts of DNA $polymerase-{\beta}$ were found either in the nucleus of the SV40 infected cell or of the uninfected cell. The characteristics of the SV40 virus induced DNA polymerases were compared with that of the uninfected cellular DNA polymerase in regard of the effects of pH, salt concentration, NEM concentration and temperature on those enzyme activities. No differential effect was found between both enzymes. Endouclease activities wre examined in the purified DNA $polymerase-{\alpha}\;and\;{\beta}$. The low level of endonuclease activity which might cut SV40 DNA 1 at one site was observed in the DNA $polymerase-{\alpha}$ whereas high but nonspecific endonuclease activities were found in the DNA $polymerase-{\beta}$.

• 생약학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.149-154
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• 1998

Binding of urokinase-type plasminogen activator to its cellular receptor accelerate production of plasmin from plasminogen on the cell surface. Plasmin can digest extracellular matrix components and basement membranes through activating certain proMMPs, which is related to the invasiveness to the cells. Plasmin also acts the regulation of blood coagulation and relates closely to cardiovascular diseases such as stroke and coronary occlusion. Therefore, its inhibitors may be useful as antimetastatic agents and to the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. To search for plasmin inhibitors from plant resources, we screened plasmin inhibitory activities with 76 methanol extract of plant species. Among them, three plant samples showed strong inhibitory activities (>70%) and thirteen plant samples showed more than 50% inhibitory activities of plasmin. Their inhibitory activities were not directly related with uPA inhibitory activites and cell viability.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.147-155
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• 2002

The musk has been reported to have significant anti-inflammatory activities in clinical use and several animal models and we examined the effects of water soluble fraction(WSF) of the musk on murine peritoneal macrophages. WSF decreased the production of nitric oxide from the lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-treated murine peritoneal macrophages and also reduced the phagocytic activity of macrophages on the opsonized sheep red blood cells(SRBC). Transcriptional expression level of the inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS) was also decreased and the viability of the treated macrophages was not affected by WSF, suggesting that the effects could be partly explained by transcriptional regulation. Contrary to down-regulating iNOS expression, WSF slightly increased the release of tumor necrosis factor-alpha$(TNF-{\alpha})$, which implied its selective action on cellular pathways activated by LPS. Our results showed that anti-inflammatory activities of the musk could be partly explained by the inhibitory effects of the water soluble fraction on the macrophageal activation.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.661-666
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• 2006

The present study represents the investigation of in vitro immunopotentiating activities of cellular fractions of major lactic acid bacteria found in kimchi (KLAB) and bifidobacteria. The macrophage cells, RAW264.7, were stimulated with heat-killed whole-cell, cell-wall, and cytoplasmic fractions of four strains of KLAB (Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Leuconostoc citreum, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Lactobacillus sake) and two strains of bifidobacteria (Bifidobacterium longum and Bifidobacterium lactis) each, and then the production of nitric oxide (NO) and cytokines including tumor necrosis $factor-\alpha\;(TNF-\alpha)$ and interleukin-6 (IL-6) was measured by Griess and ELISA assays, respectively. Heat-killed wholecell and cell-wall fractions-but not the cytoplasmic fraction-from all strains of KLAB significantly increased the production of NO in RAW264.7 cells, and all fractions from bifidobacteria exerted similar effects. In the production of $TNF-\alpha$, heat-killed whole-cell and cell-wall fractions of L. plantarum showed the strongest effect, followed by L. sake and B. lactis, whereas other KLAB fractions did not exert any effect. In the production of IL-6, only whole-cell and cell-wall fractions of L. plantarum were effective. These results, taken together, indicate that L. plantarum might playa critical role in the immunopotentiating activities of kimchi.

• Mycobiology
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.494-505
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• 2019

In this study, the antioxidant, anti-xanthine oxidase, anti-melanogenic and anti-wrinkle effects of methanol (ME) and hot water (HE) extracts from the fruiting bodies of Phellinus vaninii were investigated. The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl free radical scavenging activity of 2.0 mg/mL HE (95.38%) was comparable to that of butylated hydroxytoluene (96.97%), the reference standard. The hydroxyl radical scavenging activities of ME (98.19%) and HE (97.55%) were higher than that of butylated hydroxytoluene (92.66%) at 2.0 mg/mL. Neither ME nor HE was cytotoxic to murine melanoma B16-F10 cells at 25-750 ㎍/mL. Although the xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory effects of ME and HE were significantly lower than that of allopurinol, the values were higher than 84 percent. The in vitro tyrosinase inhibitory activities of ME and HE were comparable to kojic acid at 2.0 mg/mL. The cellular tyrosinase and melanin synthetic activities of ME and HE on B16-F10 melanoma cells at 500 ㎍/mL were higher than arbutin, indicating that the inhibitory effects of arbutin on the tyrosinase and melanin synthesis were higher than those of ME and HE. The collagenase inhibitory activity of HE was comparable to EGCG at 2.0 mg/mL, however, the elastase inhibitory activity of ME and HE was lower than EGCG at the concentration tested. The study results demonstrated that the fruiting bodies of Ph. vaninii possessed good antioxidant, anti-xanthine oxidase, cell-free anti-tyrosinase, cellular anti-tyrosinase, anti-collagenase, and moderate anti-elastase activities, which might be used for the development of novel anti-gout, skin-whitening, and skin anti-wrinkle agents.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2000년도 춘계총회 및 학술대회
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• pp.145.1-145.1
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• 2000

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.781-788
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 건조된 까마중(Solanum nigrum L.) 전초의 50% 에탄올 추출물, 에틸아세테이트 분획, 아글리콘 분획을 이용하여 항산화 실험을 진행하였다. 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)을 이용한 자유라디칼 소거 활성($FSC_{50}$)은 50% 에탄올 추출물, 에틸아세테이트 분획, 아글리콘 분획에서 각각 $215.46{\mu}g/mL$, $42.43{\mu}g/mL$, $52.28{\mu}g/mL$이였다. Luminol-의존성 화학발광법을 이용한 $Fe^{3+}-EDTA/H_2O_2$ 계에서의 총항산화능($OSC_{50}$) 평가에서, 까마중 50% 에탄올 추출물은 $25.25{\mu}g/mL$, 에틸아세테이트 분획은 $7.05{\mu}g/mL$, 아글리콘 분획은 $6.25{\mu}g/mL$를 나타냈다. $^1O_2$로 유도된 적혈구 세포손상에 대한 보호효과 측정에서는 까마중 50% 에탄올 추출물 및 아글리콘 분획은 $5{\sim}25{\mu}g/mL$ 농도에서는 세포보호효과를 나타냈으나 높은 농도에서는 세포보호 활성을 나타내지 않았다. 이러한 결과를 통해 까마중 추출물 및 분획물들은 항산화 활성을 가지고 있지만, 세포 수준에서는 비교적 높은 농도에서 활성산소로 유도된 세포 손상을 촉진할 수도 있음을 시사한다. 따라서 화장품 등에 까마중 추출물을 응용할 때는 사용상 주의가 필요한 것으로 판단된다.