• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.37-43
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• 2005

This study was performed to determine the cytotoxic effect of methanol extract from Houttuynia Cordata and Glycine soja. The cell viability was determined by MTT method. Their cytotoxic activities against three cancer cell lines such as A549, MDA-MB-231 and SNU-C4 cell line were tested. Among them, The methanol extract of Houttuynia Cordata showed the strongest cytotoxic effect against SNU-C4 cells. These results suggest that the methanol extract of Houttuynia Cordata possessed a potential antitumorous agent. The free radical scavenging activity using DPPH method was the strongest of Houttuynia Cordata methanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.25 no.9
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• pp.1467-1475
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• 2015

The use of microbial extracts containing plant hormones is a promising technique to improve crop growth. Little is known about the effect of bacterial cell-free extracts on plant growth promotion. This study, based on phytohormonal analyses, aimed at exploring the potential mechanisms by which Enterococcus faecium LKE12 enhances plant growth in oriental melon. A bacterial strain, LKE12, was isolated from soil, and further identified as E. faecium by 16S rDNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. The plant growth-promoting ability of an LKE12 bacterial culture was tested in a gibberellin (GA)-deficient rice dwarf mutant (waito-C) and a normal GA biosynthesis rice cultivar (Hwayongbyeo). E. faecium LKE12 significantly improved the length and biomass of rice shoots in both normal and dwarf cultivars through the secretion of an array of gibberellins (GA₁, GA₃, GA₇, GA₈, GA₉, GA₁₂, GA₁₉, GA₂₀, GA₂₄, and GA₅₃), as well as indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study indicating that E. faecium can produce GAs. Increases in shoot and root lengths, plant fresh weight, and chlorophyll content promoted by E. faecium LKE12 and its cell-free extract inoculated in oriental melon plants revealed a favorable interaction of E. faecium LKE12 with plants. Higher plant growth rates and nutrient contents of magnesium, calcium, sodium, iron, manganese, silicon, zinc, and nitrogen were found in cell-free extract-treated plants than in control plants. The results of the current study suggest that E. faecium LKE12 promotes plant growth by producing GAs and IAA; interestingly, the exogenous application of its cell-free culture extract can be a potential strategy to accelerate plant growth.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.79-86
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• 2000

Objectives and Methods : In order to elucidate toxic mechanism of myocardial damage and protective effect of myrrha water extract against cytotoxic effect of xanthine oxidase/hypoxanthine(XO/HX), cardioprotective effect of myrrha water extract was examined by MTT assay, LDH (Lactate Dehydrogenase) activity and heart beating rate after cultured myocardial cells derived from neonatal mouse were treated with various concentration of XO/HX, a free radical. Results : XO/HX induced a decrease of cell viability, an increase in the amount of LDH, and a decrease of heart beating rate on cultured myocardial cells in a dose-dependent manner. In cardioprotective effect of myrrha water extract, it showed a decrease in the amount of LDH and an increase of heart beating rate on cultured myocardial cells damaged by XO/HX. Conclusions : From the above results, it is suggested that XO/HX showed toxic effect in cultured myocardial cells derived from neonatal mouse and that myrrha water extract is very effective in the prevention of XO/HX-induced cardiotoxicity.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.20 no.2 s.33
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• pp.1-9
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• 2007

Objective : In this study, the ethanol extract from flowers of Lespedeza bicolor was investigated for their dermal bioactive properties related to cosmeceuticals such as depigmentation and radical scavenging effect. Results : The ethanol extract from flowers of Lespedeza bicolor showed considerable radical scavenging activity ($SC_{50}:\;10\;{\mu}g/ml$) and inhibited the production of nitric oxide (NO) in Raw 264.7 macrophages activated with the endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Although the proliferation of B16/F10 cells was slightly decreased by the ethanol extract from flowers of Lespedeza bicolor at the concentration of $100\;{\mu}g/ml$, it did not appear necrosis. The ethanol extract from flowers of Lespedeza bicolor down-regulated melanin formation effectively. Methods : The free radical scavenging activity of Lespedeza bicolor was assayed in cell free systems using a stable free radical, 1,l-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Nitrite accumulated in culture medium was measured as an indicator of NO production using a Griess reaction. Cell viability was measured by MTT assay and melanin content was assessed using the method of Hosei with some modifications. Conclusions : These results suggest that the ethanol extract from flowers of Lespedeza bicolor is a potent depigmetation agent and it may be a candidate for antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.109-120
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• 2011

Objectives: The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the efficacy of KHchunggan-tang aqueous extract on the experimental nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) induced by palmitate. Materials and Methods: To generate a cellular model of NAFLD, we used HepG2 cells, a human hepatoma cell line, treated with 0.5 mM palmitate. By this cellular model, effects of KHchunggan-tang aqueous extract were evaluated. Intracellular lipid accumulation, free radical formation, and apoptosis were detected by Nile red staining, 2',7'-dichloroflourescin diacetate(H2DCF-DA), and 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole(DAPI)/propidium iodide(PI) staining, respectively. Some proteins related with NAFLD were determined by western blot. Results: Typical pathological features of NAFLD occurred in the cellular model. Palmitate increased the levels of intracellular lipid vacuoles, decreased cell viability, and increased apoptosis. Palmitate increased free radical formation and lipid peroxidation, too. However, KHchunggan-tang aqueous extract reduced palmitate-induced pathologic features, i.e. steatosis, free radical formation, and apoptosis. In addition, KHchunggan-tang aqueous extract suppressed palmitate-activated c-Jun N-terminal kinase(JNK) signaling, and SP600125, a JNK inhibitor, significantly reversed the palmitate-induced pathologic changes as KHchunggan-tang aqueous extract. It means that the signaling pathway other than JNK can be involved in the KHchunggan-tang mediated cellular protection of palmitate-treated Hep G2 cells. Conclusions: These results suggest that KHchunggan-tang aqueous extract has hepatoprotective effects on NAFLD with combined properties in cellular steatosis, ROS production, and cytoprotection, and thus may have valuable clinical applications for treatment of this chronic liver disease.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.127-132
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• 2010

Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of Xanthium sibiricum Patr. on carcinogenesis. Method: Water extract from Xanthium sibiricum Patr. (XPW) was prepared and investigated for the potential antitumor activity and inhibition of benzo[a]pyrene-DNA adduct formation and free radical formation. Result: It was shown that the water possess considerable toxicity toward tumor cell lines. Concentration of XPW at 1.0 mg/mL and 2.5 mg/mL resulted in more than 30% inhibition of growth in HeLa cells. Toxicity of XPW to A549 revealed that 54% inhibition of growth at concentration of 2.5 mg/mL. At concentrations of 0.5 mg/mL, 1.0 mg/mL and 2.5 mg/mL of XPW, the binding of [$^3H$]B[a]P metabolites to DNA of human Chang cell was inhibited by 19%, 33%, and 41%, respectively. There 18% and 32% inhibition in the free radical formation with XPW at the concentration of 1.0 mg/mL and 2.5 mg/mL, respectively. Conclusion: Water extract from Xanthium sibiricum Patr. (XPW) has antitumor and cancer chemopreventive activities.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.79-85
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• 2005

Oxidized abasic residues arise as a major class of DNA damage by a variety of agents involving free radical attack and oxidation of deoxyribose sugar components. 2-deoxyribonolactone (dL) is a C1'-oxidized abasic lesion implicated in DNA strand scission, mutagenesis, and covalent DNA-protein cross-link (DPC). We show here that mammalian cell-free extract give rise to stable DPC formation that is specifically mediated by dL residue. When a duplex DNA containing dL at the site-specific position was incubated with cell-free extracts of Po ${\beta}-proficient$ and -deficient mouse embryonic fibroblast cells, the formation of major dL-mediated DPC was dependent on the presence of DNA polymerase (Pol) ${\beta}$. Formation of dL-specific DPC was also observed with histones and FEN1 nuclease, although the reactivity in forming dL-mediated DPC was significantly higher with Pol ${\beta}$ than with histones or FEN1. DNA repair assay with a defined DPC revealed that the dL lesion once cross-linked with Pol ${\beta}$ was resistant to nucleotide excision repair activity of cell-free extract. Analysis of nucleotide excision repair utilizing a model DNA substrate containing a (6-4) photoproduct suggested that excision process for DPC was inhibited because of DNA single-strand incision at 5' of the lesion. Consequently DPC mediated by dL lesion may not be readily repaired by DNA excision repair pathway but instead function as unusual DNA damage causing a prolonged DNA strand break and trapping of the major base excision repair enzyme.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.11
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• pp.5843-5848
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• 2012

Aim: Developing antitumor drugs from natural products is receiving increasing interest worldwide due to limitations and side effects of therapy strategies for the second leading cause of disease related mortality, cancer. Methods: The antiproliferative activity of a methanolic extract from the aerial parts of Marrubium persicum extract was assessed with the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line using the MTT test for cell viability and cytotoxicity indices. In addition, antioxidant properties of the extract were evaluated by measuring its ability to scavenge free DPPH radicals. Moreover, the total phenolic and flavonoid content of the extract was determined based on Folin-Ciocalteu and colorimetric aluminum chloride methods. Results: The findings of the study for the antiproliferative activity of the methanolic extract of M. persicum showed that growth of MCF-7 cells was inhibited by the extract in a dose and time dependent manner, where a gradual increase of cytotoxicity effect has been achieved setting out on 200 ${\mu}g/mL$ concentration of the plant extract. The antioxidant assay revealed that the extract was a strong scavenger of DPPH radicals with an $RC_{50}$ value of 52 ${\mu}g/mL$. The total phenolic and flavonoids content of the plant extract was 409.3 mg gallic acid equivalent and 168.9 mg quercetin equivalent per 100g of dry plant material. Conclusion: Overall, M. persicum possesses potential antiproliferative and antioxidant activities on the malignant MCF-7 cell line that could be attributed to the high content of phenolics and flavonoids, and therefore warrants further exploration.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.219-225
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• 2007

Objectives : We investigated the anti-aging effects on skin with Saccharomyces fermented modified Kyungohkgo extract (SFKE). Methods : Fermented modified Kyungohkgo extracts by 14 different kinds of microorganism were prepared and most effective Saccharomyces fermented modified Kyungohkgo extract among these was selected for anti-aging agent. We measured various effects related to skin such as scavenging activity against free radical, cell proliferation, collagen synthesis and toxicity of SFKE were evaluated and compared with modified Kyungohkgo extract (KE). Results : Free-radical scavenging activity and cell proliferating ratio of SFKE were 2 and 8 times higher than those of KE. The SFKE could significantly increase the collagen synthetic ratio compared with KE treated group. SFKE showed no toxicity at all tested concentrations. Conclusions : The results of our study propose that SFKE have good anti-aging effects on skin.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.97-106
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• 2003

This study was performed to determine the cytotoxic effect of methanol extract from medicinal plants. 1. The cell viability was determined by MTT method. Their cytotoxic activities against three cancer cell lines such as A549, MDA-MB-231 and SNU-C4 cell line were tested. 2. Among them, The methanol extract of Saururus Ohinensis Bail showed the strongest cytotoxic effect against SNU-C4 cells. These results suggest that the methanol extract of Saururus Ohinensis Bail possessed a potential antitumorous agent. 3. The free radical scavenging activity using DPPH method was the strongest of Saururus Chinensis Bail extract.