• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.319-323
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• 2002

In order to investigate the safety of Aralia elata extract causing the reduction in the blood glucose level and oxidative stress in diabetes animals, these genotoxicity studies in bacterial and mammalian cell assay system such as Ames bacterial reverse mutation test and chromosomal aberration assay were performed. As results, in Ames bacterial reversion assay the extract in the range of 5,000-625 ug/plate did not induce mutagenicity in Salmonella typhimurium TA 98, TA 100, TA 1535 and TA 1537 strains with and without metabolic activation of S-9 mixture. For chromosomal aberration assay, $IC_{50}$ (50% inhibition concentration of cell growth) of the extract were determined; 792 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ without and 524 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ with S-9 mixture in Chinese hamster lung (CHL) fibroblast cell culture. Any significant chromosomal aberration was not observed in CHL cells treated with the extract at the concentrations of 792, 396 and 198 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ or 524, 262 and 131 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ in the absence or presence of S-9 metabolic activation, respectively. From these results, Aralia elata extract did not induce any harmful effects on the gene in bacteria and mammalian cell system used in these experiments.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.104-110
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• 1999

We investigated effects of methanol extract of Aloe vera on anticancer drugs(cisplatin, mitomycin C, 5-fluorouracil)-induced growth inhibition in p388, L1210, HCT-15, SK-HepG-1 as cancer cell lines and mouse splenocytes as a normal cell by MTT assay, respectively. We also examined the effects of aloe extract and mitomycin C on the mitogen(Con, A, LPS)-induced splenocyte proliferation. Aloe extract(0.25 mg/m , 1.25 mg/m , 2.5 mg/m , 5.0 mg/m ) showed dose-dependently selective cytotoxicity against the cancer cell lines. In contrast, Aloe extract increased the growth and proliferation of the normal mouse splenocytes. The combination of aloe extract with anticancer drugs showed an additive effect for the cytotoxicity against cancer cell lines. However, that combination reduced clealy the anticancer drugs-induced toxicity against the normal mouse splenocytes.

• BMB Reports
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• v.43 no.11
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• pp.750-755
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• 2010

Crude Orostachys japonicus polysaccharide extract (OJP) was prepared by hot steam extraction. Polysaccharides (OJPI) were separated from OJP by gel filtration chromatography and phenol-sulfuric acid assay. The average molecular weight of the OJPI was 30-50 kDa. The anti-proliferative effect of OJPI on HT-29 human colon cancer cells was investigated via morphology study, cell viability assay, apoptosis assay, cell cycle analysis, and cDNA microarray. OJPI inhibited proliferation and growth of HT29 cells and also stimulated apoptosis in a dose- and time-dependent manner. In cell cycle analysis, treatment with OJPI resulted in a marked increase of cells in the G0 (sub G1) and G2/M phases. To screen for genes involved in the induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, the gene expression profiles of HT-29 cells treated with OJPI were examined by cDNA microarray, revealing that a number of genes were up- or down-regulated by OJPI. Whereas several genes involved in anti-apoptosis, cell proliferation and growth, and cell cycle regulation were down-regulated, expression levels of several genes involved in apoptosis, tumor suppression, and other signal transduction events were up-regulated. These results suggest that OJPI inhibits the growth of HT-29 human colon cancer cells by various apoptosis-aiding activities as well as apoptosis itself. Therefore, OJPI deserve further development as an effective agent exhibiting anticancer activity.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.185-190
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of organism vigor information solution(OVIS) on the animal cell growth and to set up a condition for cell culture. We investigated the reactions on the MG-63 and MCF-7 cell line in mixture culture media with various amount of REVIEW solution, which is an example among various OVIS. DMEM-HG was used as basic media. The concentration range of the mixture was limited from 0% to 15%. MTT assay is used for cell viability test. The cell was incubated for 14days and the MTT assay was performed on day 1, 3, 7, 10 and 14 throughout the experiment. We used the ELISA reader to measure the Optical Density(O.D) at 595 nm wavelength filter. MCF-7 was linearly proliferated according to culture time and concentrations of OVIS. On the other hand, MG-63 cells were measured the highest O.D value at 12%. The growth rates of both cells cultured in mixed culture media with OVIS are much higher than those in only basic media, DMEMHG, after 14days. It was confirmed that cell cultured at OVIS grows rapidly at certain period although cells showed a negative effect in initial stage.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.439-445
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• 2002

This study was undertaken to investigate the inhibitory effect of prunus fume extracts on the growth of Hep G2 and HeLa cells. Prunus mums was extracted using the following solvents hexane, chloroform, ethylacetate, methanol, and hot water. The effect on the growth of each cancer cell line was examined by MTT (3-[4, 5-dimethylthiaeol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay, cytotoxicity testing, and microscopic observation. The ethylacetate extracts of Prunus muse at the concentration of 250 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml exhibited the greatest inhibitory effect on the growth of Hep G2 in the MW assay. In cytotoxicity testing, the treatment of the Hep G2 cells with ethylacetate extracts (1000 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml for 72 hrs) destroyed 75% of the cells, and morphological changes were also observed. futhermore, the hexane extracts of Prunes muse at the concentration of 250 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml exhibited the greatest inhibitory effect on the growth of HeLa cells in the MTT assay. The treatment of the HeLa cells with the hexane extracts (1000 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml for 72 hrs) resulted in the destruction of 68% of the cells. Fibroblasts were not affected by either ethylacetate or hexane extracts of prunus muse.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.1-7
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• 2021

Objective : As more and more people are interested in appearance in modern society, the increasing number of hair loss population can have an important impact on psychological and social problems such as depression and inappropriate interpersonal symptoms. Therefore, much research is being done on treatments for alopecia using herbal extracts with relatively few side effects. This study was investigated about the effect of Achyranthis Radix (AR) extract with ethanol solvent on hair growth. Methods : We determined the promoting efficacy of AR-ethanol extract compared with minoxidil (MNXD) on the growth of human hair dermal papilla cells (HDPCs). Cell viability was measured by MTT assay and cell proliferation was confirmed by cell cycle analysis from flow cytometry in HDPCs. Also, we monitored the safe concentration range through MTT assay. And protein expression of hair growth-related genes (insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), Wnt3a, Protein kinase B (Akt), Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk)) was monitored by western blot. Results : On cell cycle analysis, the G2/M phase was higher than that of the DW group in AR ethanol extract group at 0.05 and 0.1 mg/㎖. All protein expression levels of HDPCs were increased in AR ethanol extract groups and the MNXD group, compared to the DW group, respectively. Conclusion : As mentioned above, AR extract increased cell proliferation and the protein expression of IGF-1, Wnt3a, Akt, Erk in HDPCs. These results suggest that AR ethanol extract has promoted hair growth and it might be potential hair growth supplement.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.87-98
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• 2014

Objectives : We investigated whether snake venom toxin(SVT) from Vipera lebetina turanica sensitizes HT29 human epithelial colorectal cancer cells to tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand(TRAIL) induced apoptosis in cancer cells. Methods : Cell viability assay was used to assess the inhibitory effect of TRAIL on cell growth of HT29 human colorectal cancer cells. And 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole(DAPI), terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP nick end labeling assay(TUNEL) staining assay were used to evaluate cell-apoptosis. Western blot analysis were conducted to observe apoptosis related proteins and death receptor. To assess whether the synergized inhibitory effect of SVT and TRAIL on reactive oxygen species(ROS) generation was reversed by strong anti-oxidative agent. Results : SVT with TRAIL inhibited HT29 cell growth different from TRAIL alone. Consistent with cell growth inhibition, the expression of TRAIL receptors; Expression of death receptor(DR)4 and DR5 was significantly increased and intrinsic pro-apoptotic cleaved caspase-3, -9 was subsequently increased together with increase of Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and extrinsic pro-apototic caspase-8 was also activated. In addition, the expression of anti-apoptotic survival proteins, a marker of TRAIL resistance(eg, cFLIP, survivin, X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein(XIAP) and Bcl-2) was suppressed by the combination treatment of SVT and TRAIL. Pretreatment with the ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine abolished the SVT and TRAIL-induced upregulation of DR4 and DR5 expression and expression of the intrinsic pro-apoptotic caspase-3 and-9. Conclusion : The collective results suggest that SVT facilitates TRAIL-induced apoptosis in $HT_{29}$ human epithelial colorectal cancer cells through up-regulation of the TRAIL receptors; DR4 and DR5 and consecutive induction of bilateral apoptosis via regulating apoptosis related proteins.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.3805-3810
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• 2015

Arsenic trioxide (ATO) has been found to exert anti-cancer activity in various human malignancies. However, the molecular mechanisms by which ATO inhibits tumorigenesis are not fully elucidated. In the current study, we explored the molecular basis of ATO-mediated tumor growth inhibition in pancreatic cancer cells. We used multiple approaches such as MTT assay, wound healing assay, Transwell invasion assay, annexin V-FITC, cell cycle analysis, RT-PCR and Western blotting to achieve our goal. We found that ATO treatment effectively caused cell growth inhibition, suppressed clonogenic potential and induced G2-M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells. Moreover, we observed a significant down-regulation of Skp2 after treatment with ATO. Furthermore, we revealed that ATO regulated Skp2 downstream genes such as FOXO1 and p53. These findings demonstrate that inhibition of Skp2 could be a novel strategy for the treatment of pancreatic cancer by ATO.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.105-112
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• 2009

The screening of the anti-cancer activity of the chemical library provided 2-thio-4-aminopyrimidine as the initial hit. The confirmation of structure and biological effect of hit was performed by synthesis and biological evaluation. The optimization of hit was performed by derivatization of substituents while keeping the core structure. The evaluation of growth inhibitory activity was carried out using SRB assay against 6 human cancer cell lines and human fibroblast. The growth inhibitory activity of compounds showed substituent dependency and more than 5 compounds showed complete growth inhibition of cancer cell lines at 10 ${\mu}M$ concentration. Chemical library screening followed by synthetic modification provided possibility that 2-thio-4-aminopyrimidine can be used as a new scaffold for the development of anti-cancer agent.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.385-391
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• 2006

Heterotrimeric GTP binding proteins (G proteins) mediate signals generated by neurotransmitters and hormones Among G proteins, Go is found in a large quantity in brain and growth cone membranes of neurons. In spite of its abundance in neurons, the role of Go is not fully understood. In our previous study, we identified promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger protein (PLZF) as an interacting partner of alpha subunit of Go ($Go{\alpha}$) and confirmed their interaction employing several biochemical assays. To date, it is reported that PLZF functioned as a cell growth suppressor and a transcription repressor. To determine effect of $Go{\alpha}$ and PLZF interaction on the cellular function of PLZF, we performed luciferase reporter gene assay and BrdU incorporation assay. Co-expression of $Go{\alpha}$ and PLZF synergistically increased the effect of PLZF alone. These results suggest that $Go{\alpha}$ may act as cellular activator of PLZF. This novel feature of Go may provide insights into understanding diverse role of Go-coupled receptor as well as its cellular actions.