• Title/Summary/Keyword: cell control

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Study on Operation Model for Open Architecture Flexible Manufacturing Cell Controller (개방형 유연제조셀 제어기를 위한 오퍼레이션 모델에 관한 연구)

  • Choi, K.H.
    • Journal of Power System Engineering
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    • v.4 no.4
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    • pp.92-98
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    • 2000
  • Modern manufacturing systems should cope with the frequent changes in a product model and disturbances in manufacturing process. The control system of such systems must cover a constant adaptation and high flexibility. Holonic Flexible Manufacturing Cell(HFMC) is introduced to handle these issues more successfully. It is based on the concept of autonomous co-operating agent, called 'Holon', which is a building block of a manufacturing system for transforming, transporting, storing and/or validating information and physical objects. In this paper the basic structure of the HFMC is represented by using Unified Modeling Language and Open architecture cell controller is developed for effective integration components of a manufacturing system. Also a new control model, called MuLOM(Multi-Layered Operation Model), is suggested to represent the control behaviour for a holonic flexible manufacturing cell control system.

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Parameterization algorithm for PV cell by comparison of the root of equation (방정식근의 비교를 이용한 PV Cell Parameter 추출 방법)

  • Park, Hyeonah;Yu, Taesik;Lee, Sungmin;Kim, Hyosung
    • Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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    • 2012.07a
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    • pp.570-571
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    • 2012
  • 본 논문에서는 PV Simulator의 운전시 기존 방식에 비해 성능이 우수한 PV Cell Modeling 알고리즘을 제안한다. PV Simulator가 PV Cell의 비선형적인 I-V 특성을 구현하기 위해서는 제조사가 제공하는 3가지 운전점(단락회로운전, 개방회로운전 및 최대전력운전)에서의 전압, 전류 데이터를 이용하여 빠르고 정확하게 PV Cell 등가회로의 파라메터 값을 추출하여야 한다. 본 논문에서는 방정식 근을 비교하는 방식을 이용하여 기존 방식에 비해 실리콘-결정형 및 박막형 셀을 포괄하는 빠르고 정확한 등가회로 파라메터 추출방법을 제시하고, 제안한 모델링 방법에 대한 유효성을 시뮬레이션을 통해 검증하였다.

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Influences of Stress, Loneliness and Self-Control on the Addiction of Cell Phone Use among University Students (대학생의 스트레스, 외로움 및 자기통제력이 휴대폰 중독적 사용에 미치는 영향)

  • Lee, Young-Mee
    • Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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    • v.17 no.2
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    • pp.156-163
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    • 2011
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the influences of stress, loneliness, self-control on the addiction of cell phone use among university students. Methods: Data were collected through questionnaires from 467 students and were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe's test, Pearson's correlation coefficients and Stepwise multiple regression analysis with SPSS/WIN 19.0 program. Results: Out of the subjects, 1.5% were found to be addiction group, 89.9% at potential risk group, and 8.6% at non-addiction group. Addiction of cell phone use was significantly correlated with stress, loneliness and self-control. The influential factors affecting addiction of cell phone use over use problem, self-control, health problem, main using method and stress, which explained about 25.6% of the variance. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that nursing intervention are needed to improve addiction of cell phone use, and that such variables should be carefully considered in intervention for university students.

Cellular and Biochemical Alterations in L6 Myoblast Cells Induced by 6-Aminonicotinamide

  • Jang, Min-Young;Kim, Sun-Jung;Shin, Sook;Park, In-Kook
    • Animal cells and systems
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    • v.11 no.1
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    • pp.17-22
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    • 2007
  • The effects of antimetabolite 6-AN (6-amino-nicotinamide) on viability and morphology of L6 myoblast cells have been investigated. 6-AN ($100{\mu}M$) induced a time-dependent decrease in cell viability with respect to the untreated control cells. Following 6-AN administration the viability rate started to decline sharply, reaching about 23% of the untreated control cells at 48 h. Inverted phase-contrast microscopy revealed that 6-AN caused characteristic morphological changes such as irregularly elongated and stellate shape of cells, round-shaped nucleus, cytoplasmic vacuolization, irregular cell arrangements and formation of large spaces among cell clusters. The concentrations of ATP and $NAD^{+}$ in the 6-AN treated cells were significantly lower (p < 0.01) than those of the untreated control cells. In contrast, the concentration of AMP was significantly increased by the 6-AN treatment. Activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in 6-AN treated cells were significantly higher (p < 0.01) than those of the untreated control cells. The activities of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase in 6-AN treated cells were significantly lower (p < 0.01) than those of the untreated control cells. The results suggest that 6-AN caused marked reduction of cell viability and alterations of some important metabolites and enzymes.

Study on the Anti-cancer, Anti-metastasis and Immune response improvement of Aqua-acupuncture with Cistanches Herba infusion solution (육종용약침의 항암작용(抗癌作用) 및 면역효과(免疫效果)에 대(對)한 실험적(實驗的) 연구(硏究))

  • Lee, Eun-Yong;Lee, Byung-Ryul
    • Journal of Acupuncture Research
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    • v.17 no.1
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    • pp.251-286
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    • 2000
  • To study the effects of anti-cancer, anti-metastasis and immune response improvement of aqua-acupuncture with Cistanches Herba infusion solution, we used Cistanches Herba infusion solution(taken by water-alcohol method) put into Chung-wan(CV12) and Chok-Samni(S36) of BALB/c or C57BL/6 which are corresponding to human body. We observed the cytotoxicity, the effect on the expression of MMP-9 gene, the ability to control cancer cell proliferation, change of body weight, surviving number, MST, ILS, changes in amount of WBC, RBC, PLT, total protein, creatinine, glucose and LDH, weight of spleen, number of pulmonary colony, histological analysis on tissue metastasis of lung and liver, splenic cell proliferation, the expression of cytokine gene, the number of $CD4^+$, $CD8^+$, $CD19^+$ and NK cell, and concluded like this. The results were obtained as follows : 1. The cytotoxicity about B16-F10 cell line of $2^0$, $2^{-1}$, $2^{-2}$, $2^{-5}$ diluent groups in Cistanches Herba infusion solution treatment was inhibited significantly, compared with control group. 2. The cytotoxicity about HT1080 cell line of $2^0$, $2^{-1}$, $2^{-2}$, $2^{-3}$, $2^{-5}$, $2^{-8}$ diluent groups in Cistanches Herba infusion solution treatment was inhibited significantly, compared with control group. 3. The effect on expression of MMP-9 gene was decreased in all the sample groups, compared with control group. 4. The effect on the control-ability on the cancer cell proliferation showed cytotooicity significantly in $2^0$, $2^{-1}$, $2^{-2}$, $2^{-3}$, $2^{-4}$, $2^{-5}$ diluent groups. 5. S-180 cancer cell line transplants in BALB/c mice were inhibited significantly in weight increase in all the sample groups, compared with control group. The surviving number increased in almost sample groups, except one group put into Chok-Samni(S36) with 20% Cistanches Herba infusion solution treatment group that showed same number of the control group. 6. S-180 cancer cell line transplants in BALB/c mice showed high MST and ILS significantly in almost sample groups, compared with control group. But one group put into Chok-Samni(S36) with 20% Cistanches Herba infusion solution treatment group showed low MST and ILS than control group. 7. The sample group injected in vein with B16-F10 cancer cell line in C57BL/6 mice showed increased ILS compared with control group significantly in anti-metastasis test. 8. The sample group injected in vein with B16-F10 cancer cell line in C57BL/6 mice were increased significantly in the number of WBC and glucose, and decreased significantly in the amount of LDH, compared with control group. However, there's no significant increase or decrease in number of RBC, PLT, total protein and creatinine. 9. We couldn't find any significant relation in spleen weight of the sample group. 10. In pulmonary colony, sample group was decreased significantly, compared with control group. 11. Histological analysis of sample group inhivited compared with that of control group in both of lung and liver. 12. In immune system, all the sample groups showed having more relevancy to the effect on splenic cell proliferation than normal group. 13. The effect on cytokine gene expression of all the sample groups were increased than control group. 14. In flow cytometry there's no significant relation in number of $CD8^+$, $CD19^+$ cell, however, the number of $CD4^+$ cell and NK cell in sample groups were increased than in control group. Above the results showed that aqua-acupuncture of Cistanches Herba infusion solution has effects of anti-cancer, anti-metastasis and immune response improvement.

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Immunostimulating Effect of Goamshimshinhwan on Methotrexate-induced Immunosuppressed SD Rats (고암심신환(古庵心腎丸)이 methotrexate로 유발된 SD Rat의 면역기능저하에 미치는 영향)

  • Kang, Dae-Sung;Kwon, Eun-Hee;Lee, Yeon-Kyeong;Shin, Hyeon-Cheol;Kang, Seok-Bong;Park, Song-Kee
    • Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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    • v.20 no.6
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    • pp.1576-1583
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    • 2006
  • In order to investigate the effect of Goamshimshinhwan(GASSW) on SD rats with deteriorated immunity caused by methotrexate. Methotrexate was fed to the SD rats once a day for 4 days. After the immune responses of the at a dosage 1,000, 500 and 250mg/kg/10ml. and the changes on body weight and gains, spleen weight, total blood leukocyte numbers, total lymphocyte numbers, the percentage of B-cell, T-cell, CD3+CD+4 T-cell, CD3+CD8+ T-cell and CD4+/CD8+ T-cell ratios in the bolld and spleen were observed. In addition, the serum IL-2 levels and productivity of IL-2 of splenic cells were also demonstrated in this study. The changes on body weight were increased significantly in 100 and 500mg/kg of GASSW groups and the changes on body gain were increased significantly in 1000mg/kg of GASSW groups as compared with control group. The changes on the spleen weight (absolutely or relatively) were increased significantly in all GASSW groups as compared with control group. The total blood leukocyte numbers were increased significantly in 1000 and 500mg/kg of GASSW groups as compared with control group. The total lymphocyte numbers were increased significantly in all GASSW groups in the blood and increased significantly in 1000 and 500mg/kg of GASSW goups in spleen as compared with control group. The percentage of B-cell and T-cell were increased significantly in 1000mg/kg of GASSW groups in the blood and increased significantly in 1000 and 500mg/kg of GASSW groups in spleen as compared with control group. The percentage of CD3+CD4+ T-cell and the serum IL-2 levels and productivity of IL-2 of splenic cells were increased significantly in 100 and 500 mg/kg of GASSW groups in the blood and spleen as compared with control group. The percentage of CD3+CD8+ T-cell were increased significantly in 1000mg/kg of GASSW groups only in spleen as compared with control groups. The CD4+/CD8+ T-cell ratios were increased significantly in 1000 and 500mg/kg of GASSW groups only in the blood as compared with control group. Goamshimshinhwan(GASSW) has immuno-stimulating effect on SD rats with deteriorated immunity caused by methotrexate.

Control of Small PEM Fuel Cell Stack by a Microprocessor (마이크로프로세서를 이용한 소형 PEM 연료전지 스택의 제어)

  • Kim, Tae-Hoon;Choi, Woo-Jin
    • The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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    • v.13 no.6
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    • pp.469-475
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    • 2008
  • In this paper, control of small PEM(Proton Exchange Membrane) fuel cell stack by a microprocessor is introduced. The water management of fuel cell stack inside, a key technique in fuel cell control, can be achieved by adjusting the required air flow for fuel and cooling, and by purging the excessive water from the stack. It is very important to precisely control the BOS(Balance of Stack) since the stable operation of the fuel cell system mainly depends on it. In this study the fuel efficiency of the system is improved by the control of the system based on the measured air flow and purge cycle during the optimal operation and its effectiveness is proved by the experiments. The operating stability of the system is improved by the developed controller using a microprocessor and it is expected to be widely used for the control of small PEM fuel cell stack.

Design and Control of a New Micro End-effector for Biological Cell Manipulation

  • Shim, Jae-Hong;Cho, Sung-Yong;Cho, Young-Im;Kim, Deok-Ho;Kim, Byung-Kyu
    • 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2003.10a
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    • pp.2445-2450
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    • 2003
  • Recently, biological technology industry shows great development. Instruments and systems related biological technology have been developed actively. In this paper, we developed a new micro end-effector for biological cell manipulation. The existing micro end-effector for biological cell manipulation has not any force sensing mechanism. Usually, excessive contact force occurring when the end-effector and a cell collide might make a damage on the cell. However, unfortunately, user can not notice the condition in case of using the existing end-effector. In order to overcome we proposed the improved micro end-effector having a force sensing mechanism. This paper presents the design concepts of the new micro end-effector. We carried out calibration of the force sensor and tested the performance of the proposed micro end-effector. Through a series of experiments the new micro end-effector shows the possibility of application for precision biological cell manipulation such as DNA operation

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A Practical Connection Admission Control Scheme in ATM Networks (ATM망에서 실용적 연결수락제어 기법)

  • Kang, Koo-Hong;Park, Sang-Jo
    • Journal of KIISE:Information Networking
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    • v.29 no.2
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    • pp.181-187
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    • 2002
  • Connection admission control(CAC), which decides whether or not to accept a new call request, is one of the most Important preventive congestion control techniques in asynchronous transfer mode(ATM) networks. To develop a practical CAC scheme, first we propose a "Modified Cell Loss Probability MP${\nu}"$, which is based on "Virtual Cell Loss Probability P${\nu}"$, taking into account mean burst duration of input traffic source and buffer size in ATM networks. MP${\nu}"$ computes more accurate cell loss probability than P${\nu}"$ without increasing computational complexity, since P${\nu}"$ is formulated simply form the maximum and the average cell rate of input traffic. P${\nu}"$ is overestimated as compared to the real cell loss probability when the mean burst duration is relatively small to the buffer capacity. Then, we Propose a CAC scheme, based on "Modified Virtual Bandwidth(MVB)" method, which may individualize the cell loss probabilities in heterogeneous traffic environments. For the proposed approach, we define the interference intensity to identify interferences between heterogeneous traffic sources and use it as well as MP${\nu}"$ to compute MVB. Our approach is well suitable for ATM networks since it provides high bandwidth utilization and guarantees simple and real time CAC computation for heterogeneous traffic environments.heterogeneous traffic environments.

The Effect of Bee Venom & Purified Bee Venom on Cell Death in Synovial Cell (국산(國産) 봉독(蜂毒) 및 정제(精製) 봉독약침액(蜂毒藥鍼液)이 류머티스 관절염(關節炎) 활액세포(滑液細胞)에 미치는 영향(影響))

  • Lee, Yun-Seop;Seo, Jung-Chul;Lee, Seung-Woo;Han, Sang-Won
    • Journal of Acupuncture Research
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    • v.19 no.2
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    • pp.28-38
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    • 2002
  • Objective : This study is aimed to investigate the effects of bee venom and purified bee venom on cell death in synovial cell line. Methods : It was evaluated by using MTT assay, morphological method, flow cytometry, immunocytochemistry analysis, RT-PCR. Results : The result obtained is as follows. 1. The MTT assay demonstrated that synovial cell viability was significantly inhibitted dose-dependently by treatment with BV and PBV in comparison with control. And the inhibitory effect of BV and PBV was almost same. 2. The morphologic study demonstrated that synovial cell showed apoptotic body resulted from apoptosis after treatment with BV and PBV for 6 hours using microscope. 3. The Flow cytometry demonstrated that apoptosis of synovial cell treated with BV and PBV was related with stop of cell cycle in stage of G0/G1. 4. Immunocytochemistry assay demonstrated that COX-II and iNOS were slightly expressed by treatment with BV and PBV in comparison with control group. 5. RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that COX-II were almost down-regulated by high dose treatment with BV and PBV in comparison with control group. iNOS were well down-regulated by treatment with $5{\mu}g/ml$ BV and PBV whereas it was well expressed in control group. Conclusion : These results suggest that bee venom and purified bee venom have significant effect on cell death in synovial cell line and further study is needed in vivo.

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