• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 전력전자학회 2016년도 전력전자학술대회 논문집
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• pp.103-104
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• 2016

기존 Cascade H-bridge 인버터 토폴로지는 커패시터나 다이오드가 없이 스위치로 구성되어 있으며, 필터 없이 정현파와 유사하게 구현할 수 있다. 또한 출력전압 레벨이 높을수록 정현파와 유사하게 되어 고주파가 줄어들며, 각 셀을 직렬로 연결하면 입력전압보다 높은 출력전압 갖는다. 본 논문에서는 기존 Cascade H-bridge 인버터와 NPC(Neutral Point Clamped)가 결합한 Cascade H-bridge NPC 인버터를 제안하였다. Cascade H-bridge NPC 인버터는 기존 Cascade H-bridge 인버터 특성과 유사하며, Cascade H-bridge 인버터와 NPC 인버터의 장점을 가지고 있다. Cascade H-bridge 인버터와 Cascade H-bridge NPC 인버터를 시뮬레이션 통해 THD(Total Harmonic Distortion) 비교분석하였고 시뮬레이션은 PSIM 9.1.4을 가지고 검증하였다.

• 한국기계기술학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.73-79
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• 2011

In this paper, cycle performance analysis of cascade refrigeration system using alternative FREON refrigerants are presented to offer the basic design data for the operating parameters of the system. The operating parameters considered in this study include subcooled and superheated degree, and evaporating and condensing temperature, temperature difference of cascade heat exchanger in cascade refrigeration system. The COP of cascade refrigeration system increases with the increasing subcooled degree, but there is no significant changes with the increasing superheated degree. The COP of cascade refrigeration system depends on evaporating and condensing temperatures of cascade heat exchanger. Therefore, subcooled degree, evaporating and condensing temperature of cascade heat exchanger using alternative FREON refrigerants have an effect on the COP of this system. In this paper, COP of cascade refrigeration system using R23 for low temperature system and R507A for high temperature system is higher 8 ~ 29 % than using R13 for low temperature system and R22 for high temperature system.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.151-161
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• 2018

A new type of cascade sandwiched piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer is presented and studied. The cascade transducer is composed of two traditional longitudinally sandwiched piezoelectric transducers, which are connected together in series mechanically and in parallel electrically. Based on the analytical method, the electromechanical equivalent circuit of the cascade transducer is derived and the resonance/anti-resonance frequency equations are obtained. The impedance characteristics and the vibrational modes of the transducer are analyzed. By means of numerical method, the dependency of the resonance/anti-resonance frequency and the effective electromechanical coupling coefficient on the geometrical dimensions of the cascade transducer are studied and some interesting conclusions are obtained. Two prototypes of the cascade transducers are designed and made; the resonance/anti-resonance frequency is measured. It is shown that the analytical resonance/anti-resonance frequencies are in good agreement with the experimental results. It is expected that this kind of cascade transducer can be used in large power and high intensity ultrasonic applications, such as ultrasonic liquid processing, ultrasonic metal machining and ultrasonic welding and soldering.

• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.329-336
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• 2009

본 논문은 회전형 역 진자 시스템(Rotary Inverted Pendulum System : RIPS)의 제어를 위한 Fuzzy cascade 제어구조를 제안하고 병렬유전자 알고리즘의 하나인 계층적 공정 경쟁 기반 유전자 알고리즘(Hierarchical Fair Competition-based Genetic Algorithms : HFCGA)을 이용한 최적화 방법을 제시한다. 회전형 역 진자 시스템은 Rotating arm의 회전을 통해 Pendulum의 각도를 제어하는 시스템으로써 제어 목적은 Rotating arm을 원하는 위치에 오게 하고 진자를 수직 위치의 불안정 평형 점에 위치하도록 하는 것이다. 본 논문에서는 회전형 역 진자 시스템의 제어를 위해 두개의 Fuzzy 제어기로 구성된 Fuzzy cascade 제어 구조를 설계하고, HFCGA를 이용하여 설계된 제어기의 파라미터를 최적화한다. 시뮬레이션 및 실험에서 SGA와 HFCGA의 성능비교를 통해 HFCGA의 우수성을 보이고, LQR 및 PD cascade 제어기와 제안된 Fuzzy cascade 제어기의 성능 비교를 통하여 제안된 방법의 우수성을 보인다.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.272-285
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• 2004

The losses at off-design points from a compressor cascade occur due to the deviation from a design incidence angle at the inlet of the cascade. The self-noise from the blade cascade at off-design points comes from a separated boundary layer and vortex sheddings. If the incidence angle to the cascade increases, stalling in blades may occur and the noise level increases significantly. This study applied Large-Eddy Simulations (LES) using deductive and deductive dynamic SGS models to low Mach-number, turbulent flow with each incidence angle to the cascade ranging from -40$^{\circ}$ to +20$^{\circ}$ and compared numerical predictions with measured data. It was observed that the oscillating separation bubbles attached to the suction surface do not modify wake flows dynamically for cases of negative incidence angles. However, an incidence angle greater than 8$^{\circ}$ caused a separated vortex near the leading edge to be shed downstream and created stalling. The computed performance parameters such as drag coefficient and total pressure loss coefficient showed good agreement with experimental results. Noise from the cascade of the compressor is summarized as sound generated by a structure interacting with unsteady, turbulent flows. The hybrid method using acoustic analogy was observed to closely predict the measured overall sound powers and directivity patterns at design and off-design points of blade cascade.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.1225-1232
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• 2023

The ¹⁸⁰W is the lightest isotope of Tungsten with small abundance ratio. It is slightly radioactive (α decay), with an extremely long half-life. Its separation is possible by non-conventional single withdrawal cascades. The ¹⁸⁰W is used in radioisotopes production and study of metals through gamma-ray spectroscopy. In this paper, single withdrawal cascade model is developed to evaluate multicomponent separation in non-conventional transient cascades, and available experimental results are used for validation. Numerical studies for separation of ¹⁸⁰W in a transient single withdrawal cascade are performed. Parameters affecting the separation and equilibrium time of cascade such as number of stages, cascade arrangements, feed location and flow rate for a fixed number of gas centrifuges (GC) are investigated. The Salp Swarm Algorithm (SSA) as a bio-inspired optimization algorithm is applied as a novel method to minimize the feed consumption to obtain desired concentration in the collection tank. Examining different cascade arrangements, it is observed in arrangements with more stages, the separation is further efficient. Based on the obtained results, with increasing feed flow rate, for fixed product concentration, the cascade equilibrium time decreases. Also, it is shown while the feed location is the farthest stage from the collection tank, the separation and cascade equilibrium time are well-organized. Finally, using SSA optimal parameters of the cascade is calculated, and optimal arrangement to produce 5 gr of ¹⁸⁰W with 90% concentration in the tank, is proposed.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2005년도 제24회 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.349-354
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 초음속 충동형 터빈의 유동특성을 알아보기 위해 소형 초음속 풍동을 설계하였으며 Single pass Schlieren system을 이용하여 유동을 가시화하였다. 실험은 2차원 초음속 노즐과 익렬을 조합하여 블레이드 앞전 형상과 노즐-익렬 간극에 따라 실시하였다. 실험을 통해 충격파를 포함한 복잡한 유동 형태와 노즐-익렬, 충격파-경계층 상호작용 등을 관찰할 수 있었다.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2006년도 제27회 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.387-392
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 초음속 충동형 터빈의 유동특성을 알아보기 위해 소형 초음속 풍동을 설계하였다. 실험은 익렬 위치에 따른 초음속 터빈의 유동 특성을 파악하고 확산 손실이 발생하는 특성을 알기 위해 익렬의 위치를 조절해가며 2차원 초음속 노즐과 익렬을 조합하여 실시하였다. Z-type 슐리렌(Schlieren) 시스템을 이용하여 유동을 가시화 하였다. 이러한 실험을 통해 충격파를 포함한 복잡한 유동 형태와 유동박리, 충격파-경계층 상호작용 등을 관찰할 수 있었다.

• 천문학회보
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.112.1-112.1
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• 2011

We present numerical simulations of inverse energy cascade and in driven three-dimensional (3D) electron magnetohydrodynamic (EMHD) turbulence. It has been known that inverse energy cascade only occurs in two-dimensional (2D) turbulence. However, we demonstrate that inverse energy cascade occurs in 3D driven EMHD turbulence. When magnetic helicity is injected on a small-scale, magnetic energy goes up to larger scales. The energy spectrum clearly shows inverse energy cascade. At the same time, magetic helicity spectrum also shows that the helicity goes up to larger scales. We obviously confirm inverse energy cascade. Net magnetic helicity for scales larger than the driving scale shows linear growth, and magnetic energy shows non-linear growth. On the other hand, when we drived turbulence without magnetic helicity, we do not observe inverse energy cascade.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제57권12호
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• pp.2322-2329
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• 2008

In this study, we introduce the design methodology of an optimized fuzzy cascade controller with the aid of particle swarm optimization(PSO) for ball & beam system. The ball & beam system consists of servo motor, beam and ball, and remains mutually connected in line in itself. The ball & beam system determines the position of ball through the control of a servo motor. We introduce the fuzzy cascade controller scheme which consists of the outer(1st) controller and the inner(2nd) controller as two cascaded fuzzy controllers, and auto-tune the control parameters(scaling facrors) of each fuzzy controller using PSO. For a detailed comparative analysis from the viewpoint of the performance results and the design methodology, the proposed method for the ball & beam system which is realized by the fuzzy cascade controller based on PSO, is presented in comparison with the conventional PD cascade controller based on serial genetic alogritms.