• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.127-141
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• 2005

Objectives : This study was performed to investigate the effects of Gamichangbaek-san(Jiaweichangbai-san) on anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-febrile and immune response on the arthritis of carrageenan-induced animals. Methods and Materials : Rats were classified into control and sample groups which are 7 individuals each for the experiments about anti-inflammatory and anti-febrile. Each of the 7 mice were classified into normal, control, sample groups for the analgesic experiments. Gamichangbai-san(Jiaweichangbai-san) was administered to sample group and normal saline was administered to normal and control groups. Arthritis was induced by injection of 1% carrageenan $0.1m{\ell}$ and Gamichangbaek-san(Jiaweichangbai-san) was administered after 30 minutes. The change of edema in Carrageenan-induced Arthritic Rats' Paws was measured after 1 hour and 5 hours from the injection of carraqeenan with Plethysmometer(7150, UGO BASILE, ltaly) by Winter' method. WBC, Lymphocyte and ESR were measured by heart puncture and CD4+ T cell, CD8+ T cell and CD4+/CD8+ T cell ratio were measured from the spleen tissue. Writhing syndrom was measured with Tail flick unit(UGO BASILE, Italy) in the experiments conducted to check the analgesic activity. The temperature of the paws of carrageenan-induced arthritic rats was measured by Laser thermometer. Rectal temperature was measured by Yeast's method in anti-febrile experiments. Immune response was measured by CD4+, CD8+ T cell ratio and CD4+/CD8+ T cell ratio. Results : 1. It was recognized that Gamichangbaek-san(Jiaweichangbai-san) decreased the increase rate of Paw Edema effectively with statistical significance. 2. It was recognized that Gamichangbaek-san(Jiaweichangbai-san) decreased WBC, Lymphocyte and ESR with statistically high significance. 3. It was recognized that Gamichangbaek-san(Jiaweichangbai-san) did not show significant analgesic effect, but the Pressure pain threshold of the paws was increased with statistical significance. 4. It was recognized that Gamichangbaek-san(Jiaweichangbai-san) decreased rectal temperature effectively and had an anti-febrile effect about the febrile of a joint with statistical significance. 5. It was recognized that Gamichangbaek-san(Jiaweichangbai-san) increased CD4+ T cell ratio with statistically high significance and increased CD+8 T cell ratio with statistical non significance but increased CD4+/CD8+ T cell ratio effectively with statistical significance, too. Conclusions : According to the above results, it can be concluded Gamichangbaek-san(Jiaweichangbai-san) showed the treatment effects on the artificial arthritis resulted from carageenan in rats and it is suggested that more interest and study in the security for the clinical use were needed.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.32-40
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• 2008

Background: Angelica dahurica has been used in various clinical cases. Its taste is hot and its property is warm, dry and nonpoisonous. Its efficacy is to remove wind-damp, cure swelling and edema, exhaust pus, stop itching, rhinitis and leukorrhea. Object: To test through experiment Angelica dahurica's analgesic and anti-inflammatory efficacy. Method: Inject acetic acid as a pain-inducing substance to the mice and measure visceral pain bywrithing reflex. Inject carrageenan that is an edema-inducing substance to the rat's paw and measure volume of edema. Take thermal pain to mice with plantar test and measure paw withdrawal latency. Normal group is non Angelica dahurica-treated group and treated group is Angelica dahurica-treated group. Results: In acetic acid-induced visceral model, treatment with Angelica dahurica suppressed writhing reflex significantlyand dose-dependently. In carrageenan-induced paw edema model, treatment with Angelica dahurica suppressed carrageenan-induced paw edema. In plantar test model, no significant effect on the withdrawal latency of thermal stimulation-induced nociception was observed. Conclusion: Angelica dahurica has analgesic and anti-inflammatory efficacy.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.291-299
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• 2014

초음파에 의한 온도상승효과를 조사하기 위한 생체 모의매질을 제안하였다. 생체와 유사한 음향특성을 가지며 내부온도분포의 관찰이 가능한 투명도를 확보하기 위하여 카라기난(carrageenan) 젤을 선택하였다. 매질 내부의 온도상승효과를 가시화 하기 위하여 온도에 따라 변색되는 시온필름을 사용하였으며 카라기난의 농도 및 첨가제로 사용한 수크로스(sucrose)의 농도에 따른 생체 모의매질의 음향특성을 조사하였다. 그 결과, 카라기난 및 수크로스의 농도를 조절함으로써 음향감쇠계수를 0.44~0.49 dB/cm/MHz의 범위에서 제어할 수 있었으며 음향임피던스의 경우 1.52~1.77 Mrayls의 범위에서 제어가능함을 확인했다. 제안된 생체 모의매질은 첨가제 및 카라기난의 농도에 따라 생체조직에 대응되는 음향특성을 갖도록 제어할 수 있었으며 초음파에 의한 매질내부의 온도상승 관찰이 가능하였다. 제안된 모의매질을 이용하여 평면 및 집속 초음파에 의한 온도상승효과를 비침습적으로 가시화하여 확인함으로써 본 제안법의 유효성을 검증하였다.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.232-237
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• 2009

The effect of arogh, a polyherbal formulation-PHF [each 3 g powder contained Nelumbo nucifera G. (0.24 g), Hemidesmus indicus R. (0.24 g), Zingiber officinale R. (0.24 g), Terminalia chebula R. (0.24 g), Quercus infectoria O. (0.12 g), Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. (0.24 g), Rosa damascene M.(0.24 g), Eclipta alba H.(0.24 g), Glycyrrhiza glabra L. (0.24 g)] was investigated in various experimental models of pain and inflammation. Analgesic activity of PHF was studied in mice using acetic acid induced writhing, tail immersion and hot plate methods. Anti-inflammatory activity of PHF was studied in rats using carrageenan induced hind paw edema and formalin induced rat paw edema methods. PHF significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the number of writhings, increased latency to flick tail in tail immersion method and elevated the mean basal reaction time in hot plate method. PHF significantly (P < 0.05) inhibited carrageenan induced hind paw edema and formalin induced rat paw edema. The PHF was tested at dose of 30, 100, 300 and 500 mg/kg.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.208-215
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• 1998

제주도 근해에서 다량 채취되고 있는 해양갈조류인 톳의 살아있지 않은 건조한 생물질을 Ca-alginate법(Ca-ALG), Ba-alginate법(Ba-ALG), polyethylene glycol법(PEG), $\kappa$-carrageenan법(CARR) 등으로 고정화시켜 고정화방법에 따른 Cu의 흡착기능을 검토하였다. 생물질의 첨가량이 증가함에 따라서 Cu의 제거율은 증가하였으나 흡착량은 감소하였다. 그러나 초기농도가 증가함에 따라서는 cu의 흡착량이 증가하였다. 고정화법에 따른 Cu의 흡착량은 Ca-ALG>Ba-ALG>PEG>CARR순으로 감소하엿다. 고정화된 생물질에 으한 Cu의 흡착은 Freundlich 흡착 등온식 보다는 Langmuir 흡착 등온식을 잘 따름을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2000년도 추계학술발표대회 및 bio-venture fair
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• pp.567-570
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• 2000

DFA IV를 생산하는 levan fructotransferase를 ${\kappa}\;-carrageenan$을 이용하여 고정화한 결과 카라기난의 농도가 2%일 때 가장 높은 활성을 나타내었다. 이 때에 고정화 담체에 포괄되어지는 효소의 활성도는 0.81 units으로서 soluble enzyme 7.7 units에 비해 상대적으로 낮은 활성을 보여주었다. 고정화 및 soluble enzyme의 최고 활성온도와 최적 pH는 동일하게 $55^{\circ}C$, pH6.0 이었다. 가교제를 처리할 경우에 적당한 농도는 0.5%로 생각되어진다. $37^{\circ}C$에서 시간에 따른 고정화 및 soluble enzyme의 DFA IV 생산량을 HPLC로 분석한 결과 60시간 이후의 전환률이 각각 32%, 61%로 나타났다.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2003년도 생물공학의 동향(XIII)
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• pp.751-751
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• 2003

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.61-74
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• 2009

Objectives: The warm needling technique is a method which combines the effects of acupuncture with those of moxibustion. The purpose of this study was to find the stimulus effects of a high frequency warm needling device when stimulating acupoint $LI_4$ on the carrageenan-induced arthritis. Methods: This study was to observe the effects to edema reaction, WBF(weight bearing force), NO concentration, nNOS expression after the electro high frequency stimulus of high frequency warm needling device on LI4 with insulated acupuncture needle. Results: The effect of the high frequency warm needling device is to rise up the temperature in proportion to the current intensity. After stimulating on the acupoint $LI_4$ of the carrageenan-induced arthritis in rats with the high frequency warm needling device, it significantly reduced edema in the rat's foot. In addition, WBF, NO concentration of spinal cord (nmol/mg), and nNOS relative expression were reduced. Conclusions: The above results support the idea that stimulus by the high frequency warm needling device on $LI_4$ produces a potent analgesic effect in the arthritis pain model of the rat. Moreover, stimulus by the high frequency warm needling device modulates endogenous NO through the suppression of nNOS protein expression.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.137-143
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• 1999

Ketoprofen together with various permeation enhancers was incorporated into a novel soft hydrogel which is semi-solid in a container and to form a thin film within a few minutes after applying on the skin. The effect of various enhancers on the skin permeation of ketoprofen from a soft hydrogel was investigated using in vitro and in vivo method. In vitro rat skin permeation of ketoprofen from soft hydrogel was conducted using modified Keshary-Chien diffusion cells. In vivo ketoprofen absorption was also investigated in rats, and the results were compared with that of commercial products. Anti-inflammatory activities were determined using carrageenan-induced paw edema method and adjuvant-induced arthritis method in rats. The anti-inflammatory activity of ketoprofen soft hydrogel formulation with that of commercial products were compared. In vitro as well as in vivo studies showed that $HPE-101^{\circledR}$ was the most effective skin permeation enhancer among those used in this study. Addition of an adhesive (polyisobutylene) in the soft hydrogel decreased skin permeation of ketoprofen. Paw edema and anti-arthritis tests showed that soft hydrogel containing $HPE-101^{\circledR}$ was more effective than the commercial products, which was consistent with the in vivo absorption experiment results.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.1029-1034
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• 1998

충치유발균인 Streptococcus mutans (혈청형 C)를 면역한 산란계의 난황에서 항체를 분리하고 그 특성을 조사하였다. 먼저 난황으로 부터 항체의 추출효율을 검토하였을 때, ${\lambda}-carrageenan$, $gammaYolk^{TM}$, $EGGstract^{TM}$의 방법으로 얻은 추출물 중 항체의 순도는 전기영동에서 각각 20, 46, 48%로 나타났으며, 난황 1 g에서 얻은 항체의 수율은 각각 11.3, 1.7, 1.8 mg이었다. 정량면역침강반응의 결과, ${\lambda}-carrageenan$방법으로 얻은 조난황 항체 중 특이항체의 비율은 12.2%이었다. 이로부터 계란 하나분인 15 g의 난황에서 얻은0.85 g의 조난황 항체에는 특이항체가 100 mg가량 함유되어 있음을 알 수 있었다. 세 종류 충치유발균주(혈청형 b, c, f)에 대한 특이항체의 반응성을 조사하였을 때, 설탕 첨가배지에서 배양한 균주는 C(+), f(+), b(+)의 순으로 48%이상의 높은 반응성을 나타내었으나 무설탕 배지에서 배양한 균주의 반응성은 각각 이보다 낮게 나타났다. 조난황 항체의 열 및 pH안정성은 양호하여, $70^{\circ}C$까지 50%이상의 활성을 유지하였고 $pH\;4{\sim}8$에서 대체로 안정하였다.