• Proceedings of the Ginseng society Conference
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• 1984.09a
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• pp.21-26
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• 1984

The balance between metabolic activation of xenobiotics and detoxification of their active metabolites may playa vital role in controlling mutagenic and carcinogenic processes. To assess the possible role of P. ginseng C.A. Meyer in detoxification of xenobiotics, we studied the effects of ginseng on several parameters of the monooxygenasd system, including benzo(a) pyrene monooxygenase(AHH) and benzo(a) pyrene epoxide hydratase(EH) as well as effects of ginseng on the conjugation system. Test animals receiving ginseng saponin-fraction induced epoxide hydratase activity to over $150\%$ (20mg/kg b.w.) of the control and increased glutathione transferase activity (GSH-T) up to $140\%$ (20mg/kg b.w.) of the control, whereas no significant changes were observed in the benzopyrene monooxygenase activity (AHH). Such a selective induction of the inactivation enzyme epoxide hydratase, combined with a marked elevation of the detoxifying enzyme glutathione transferase, without a concurrent induction of benzopyrene monooxygenase which is responsible for the formation of carcinogenic intermediates, demonstrates that ginseng has the potential to alter the metabolic course of carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and thereby enhance detoxification. Thus, ginseng may play an important role in the prevention of tumors caused by carcinogens.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.63-74
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• 2019

This study carried out a human risk assessment of Cu, Pb, Zn and Ni contained in soil contaminated by improperly buried heavy metal wastes in railway sites. The purpose of the human risk assessment is to derive the need for soil remediation and factors that should be considered during soil remediation. Risk assessment was performed in accordance with the Environment Ministry's Risk Assessment Guidelines. The results of the human risk assessment of contaminated heavy metal soil contaminated by improperly buried waste in the railway site were presented after the process of determining exposure concentration, calculating exposure, and determining carcinogenic hazards. The heavy metal content of soil is 621.3 Cu mg/kg, 2,824.5 Pb mg/kg, 1,559.1 Zn mg/kg and 45 Ni mg/kg, which is the exposure concentration of the target contaminant. The results of human exposure according to exposure pathways were high in the order of soil outdoor dust >soil ingestion >soil contact, and Pb >Zn >Cu >Ni were higher in order of contaminant. The carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic risks of soil contaminated with heavy metal waste were higher than the allowable carcinogenic risks (TCR> $10^{-6}$) and the risk index (Hi < 1.0) suggested by USEPA. Therefore, the site needs to be remediated.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.93-115
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• 2022

Potential impurities in pharmaceuticals could be produced during manufacture, distribution, and storage and affect quality and safety of pharmaceuticals. In particular, highly reactive impurities could result in carcinogenic (mutagenic) effects on human body. International Conference on Harmonisation (ICH) has provided M7(R1) guideline for "Assessment and Control of DNA Reactive (Mutagenic) Impurities in Pharmaceuticals to Limit Potential Carcinogenic Risk" and recommended an adoption of this guideline to the authorities. ICH M7(R1) guideline provides classification, accepted intakes, and controls of potential impurities in pharmaceuticals. However, since appropriate and unified analytical methods for impurities in pharmaceuticals have not been provided in this guideline, most potential impurities in pharmaceuticals are still difficult to manage and supervise by pharmaceutical companies and regulatory authorities, respectively. In this review, we briefly described definition of unintended mutagenic impurities, basic information in ICH M7(R1) guideline, and analytical methods to determine potential impurities. This review would be helpful to manage and supervise potential impurities in pharmaceuticals by pharmaceutical companies and regulatory authorities.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.388-391
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• 2004

A sol-gel fiber-optic biosensor with encapsulated pH-sensitive fluorophore and immobilized genetically modified toluene-o-xylene monooxygenase was developed to detect TCE and PCE, which are carcinogenic chlorinate organic compounds prevailing in ground water. The sensitivity was characterized for the composition of sol-gel, and manufacturing procedure. The intensity curve reveals a linear range of intensity for pollutant concentration range of 0.01ppm and 1ppm. The change in intensity was appeared to be larger at each of L for same condition, and, therefore, the wavelength of λ was chosen for the analytical measurement.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.209-211
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• 2002

A number of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), such as benzo［a］pyrene, are carcinogenic and thought to contribute to the overall burden of human cancer (1). PAHs are ubiquitous in the environment and humans are exposed to them via multi-pathways, e.g. air or soil of urban areas, exposure to direct or indirect tobacco smoke, and ingestion of food or water polluted by combustion effluents (2-3). (omitted)

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.160.2-161
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• 2003

Hwang Chil (Dendropanax morbifera Lev.) belongs to Aralia elata group. This plant is only found in Korea and is considered to be along with ginseng. The physiological activities of it have been reported as having scavenging effect on oxygen free radicals and anti-carcinogenic effect. As most of the anti-oxidants were effective on protecting hepatotoxicity from alcohol, hard tissues restoring and skin whitening, the effectiveness of Hwang Chil extracts was screened. (omitted)

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.239-242
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• 1989

Several physiological components containing a secondary amino group were capable of reacting sodium nitroprusside to form potentially carcinogenic nitrosamines under physiological conditions (pH 7.3, 37). In each case the products were identical to those produced upon reaction with nitrous acid at much lower pH values. Reaction rates measured with proline were shown to reflect a first order dependence on both amine and nitroprusside concentrations. The strong influences of pH on the reactions of sodium nitro prusside with amines were also observed. These results show sodium nitroprusside could be a very potent nitrosation agent under physiological conditions.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.75 no.6
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• pp.236-237
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• 2013

Many attempts have been made to find genetic abnormalities inducing carcinogenesis after the development of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting EGFR in lung cancer. New target therapies have been already commercialized and studied along with the recent discovery of gene rearrangement involved in the carcinogenic process of non-small cell lung cancer. This study aims to investigate anplastic lymphoma kinase, c-ros oncogene 1, and receptor tyrosine kinase, in particular.

• Food Industry And Nutrition
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.9-12
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• 1999

The effect on the promotion of health by the proper drinking of traditional alcohols was presented. It was proved t fat proper extents of drinking reduce lethal rate and improve physical body condition. The anti- carcinogenic effect of traditional wine from K company was also revised. The destination of traditional wine approached by the use of unprecooked method was also suggested as one of various models which produce excellent products. The diversity for a future survival should be acquired by sterilized Takju, various traditional wines, Liquors, and Soju of wine remainder. The operation of traditional alcoholic museum was also revised.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.4507-4510
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• 2016

Isothiocyanates are naturally occurring small molecules that are formed from glucosinolate precursors of cruciferous vegetables. Many isothiocyanates, both natural and synthetic, display anti-carcinogenic activity because they reduce activation of carcinogens and increase their detoxification. This minireview summarizes the current knowledge on isothiocyanates and focuses on their role as potential anti-cancer agents.