• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.16.1-16.10
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• 2024

Objectives: This cross-sectional study evaluated the prevalence of apical periodontitis (AP) and the technical quality of root canal fillings in an adult Kuwaiti subpopulation using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. Materials and Methods: Two experienced examiners analyzed 250 CBCT images obtained from Kuwaiti patients aged 15-65 years who attended government dental specialist clinics between January 2019 and September 2020. The assessment followed the radiographic scoring criteria proposed by De Moor for periapical status and the technical quality of root canal filling. Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were used for statistical analysis, with significance level set at p < 0.05. Results: Among the 2,762 examined teeth, 191 (6.91%) exhibited radiographic signs of AP, and 176 (6.37%) had undergone root canal filling. AP prevalence in root canal-treated teeth was 32.38%, with a significant difference between males and females. Most of the endodontically treated teeth exhibited adequate root canal filling (71.5%). Conclusions: The study demonstrated a comparable prevalence of AP and satisfactory execution of root canal treatment compared to similar studies in different countries.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.129-136
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• 2016

본 연구의 목적은 근관 충전재로서 MTA(Endoseal, Endoseal MTA)의 밀폐 효과와 효율을 평가하는 것이다. 총 106개의 발거된 단근치가 사용되었으며, 충전된 실러에 따라 AH군(AH-26), PR군(ProRoot MTA), ES군(Endoseal), EM군(Endoseal MTA)으로 나누어졌고, 모든 충전시 소요 시간이 측정되었다. 그 군들은 다시 A 하위군, B 하위군으로 나누어 근관벽과의 밀폐성과 상아세관내 실러의 침투도를 각각 평가하였다. 결과는 근관 충전용 MTA는 AH-26에 비해 근관벽과의 밀폐성과 상아세관 침투도는 떨어졌으며, ProRoot MTA와 비교시 근관벽과의 밀폐성은 차이가 없었지만, 상아세관 침투도는 높았다. 작업 시간은 근관 충전용 MTA가 ProRoot MTA와 AH-26에 비해 짧았다. 결론적으로 근관 충전용 MTA는 레진계 실러보다 근관 밀폐 효과는 떨어지지만 MTA가 필요한 근관 충전시 효과적인 대안이 될 수 있다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.236-246
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to compare the degree of micro- leakage of new glass ionomer root canal sealer, Ketac-Endo(ESPE Co., Seefeld, Germany) with that of AH-26(De Trey Co., Ltd., U.S.A.). Root canal treatment using K -file, H -file, Gate Glidden drill was conducted on 49 extracted single-rooted teeth. 45 teeth were randomly divided into 3 experimental groups(15 teeth per group) and 4 teeth were used as the control group. Group 1 was used AH -26 sealer with the lateral condensation method for canal filling, group 2 was used Ketac-Endo with the single cone method and group 3 was used Ketac-Endo with the lateral condensation method. The control group was obturated with the single cone method without sealer. The teeth were covered with two coats of nail varnish after 48 hours of obturation. The teeth were immersed in India ink for 1 week and cleaned with methyl salicylate and then the degree of dye penetration were measured with stereomicroscope. The data were analyzed statistically by one-way ANOVA. The results were as follows: 1. 7 teeth in group 1, 5 in group 2, and 3 in group 3, were showed evidence of microleakage implying appropriate canal filling. 2, The mean average of microleakage was $0.17{\pm}0.32mm$ in group 1, $0.30{\pm}0.37mm$ in group 2. $0.10{\pm}0.21mm$ in group 3, showing that canal filling using the lateral condensation canal filling method with Ketac-Endo showed the least microleakage and using the single cone method with Ketac-Endo showed the largest amount of microleakage, 3. There were no statistically significant difference in the variation of microleakage among groups. From the results above, Ketac-Endo which has the advantage of glass ionomer, whether using the single cone method or the lateral condensation method, showed similar results as AH-26, but for clinical application it is thought that were studies on the properties of Ketac-Endo should be followed.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제56권10호
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• pp.567-571
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• 2018

Obturation is a important procedure of root canal treatment. Canal filling should be both provide a hermetic seal for the root canal system and eliminate leakage channel from the oral cavity. Gutta-percha have been the standard material of choice for root canal obturation. Canal filling has been aimed at maximizing the amount of gutta-percha and minimizing the amount of sealer. However recently, single cone technique has been introduced that include calcium silicate-based sealer and single gutta-percha cone. It is important to select an obturation technique that offers consistency and is easy to use. From the standpoint of appropriate technology, the single cone technique is thought to be useful for general dentist.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.27.1-27.10
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• 2021

This study describes 6 cases of endodontic overfilling with successful clinical outcomes during long-term (up to 35 years) radiographic follow-up. Successful endodontic treatment depends on proper shaping, disinfection, and obturation of root canals. Filling materials should completely fill the root canal space without exceeding the anatomical apex. Overfilling may occur when the filling material extrudes into the periapical tissues beyond the apex. The present case series describes 6 root canal treatments in which overfilling of root canal sealer and gutta-percha accidentally occurred. Patients' teeth were periodically checked with periapical radiographs in order to evaluate the outcomes during long-term follow-up. All cases showed healing and progressive resorption of the extruded materials in the periapex. The present cases showed that if a 3-dimensional seal was present at the apical level, overfilling did not negatively affect the long-term outcomes of root canal treatment.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.18.1-18.9
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• 2019

Objective: This study evaluated the presence of residual root canal filling material after retreatment using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). Materials and Methods: Extracted human teeth (single- and double-rooted, n = 21/each; C-shaped, n = 15) were prepared with ProFile and randomly assigned to three subgroups for obturation with gutta-percha and three different sealers (EndoSeal MTA, EndoSequence BC sealer, and AH Plus). After 10 days, the filling material was removed and the root canals were instrumented one size up from the previous master apical file size. The teeth were scanned using micro-CT before and after retreatment. The percentage of remaining filling material after retreatment was calculated at the coronal, middle, and apical thirds. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney U test with Bonferroni post hoc correction. Results: The tested sealers showed no significant differences in the percentage of remaining filling material in single- and double-rooted teeth, although EndoSeal MTA showed the highest value in C-shaped roots (p < 0.05). The percentage of remaining filling material of AH Plus and EndoSeal MTA was significantly higher in C-shaped roots than in single- or double-roots (p < 0.05), while that of BC sealer was similar across all root types. EndoSeal MTA showed the highest values at the apical thirds of single- and double-roots (p < 0.05); otherwise, no significant differences were observed among the coronal, middle, and apical thirds. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, a large amount of EndoSeal MTA remained after retreatment, especially in C-shaped root canals.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.37.1-37.9
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• 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of apical periodontitis (AP) in the mesiobuccal roots of root canal-treated maxillary molars. Materials and Methods: One thousand cone-beam computed tomography images of the teeth were examined by 2 dental specialists in oral radiology and endodontics. The internal anatomy of the roots, Vertucci's classification, quality of root canal treatment, and presence of missed canals were evaluated; additionally, the correlation between these variables and AP was ascertained. Results: A total of 1,000 roots (692 first molars and 308 second molars) encompassing 1,549 canals were assessed, and the quality of the root canal filling in the majority (56.9%) of the canals was satisfactory. AP was observed in 54.4% of the teeth. A mesiolingual canal in the mesiobuccal root (MB2 canal) was observed in 54.9% of the images, and the majority (83.5%) of these canals were not filled. Significant associations were observed between the presence of an MB2 canal and the quality of the root canal filling and the presence of AP. Conclusions: AP was detected in more than half of the images. The MB2 canals were frequently missed or poorly filled.

• 구강회복응용과학지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.213-221
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• 2022

목적: 근관 치료에 사용된 실러의 양과, 재치료용 NiTi 파일이 근관충전재의 제거 효율에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 연구 재료 및 방법: 발거된 소구치 중 단일 근관을 가지는 치아를 대상으로 하였다. #40/.06까지 근관 형성을 한 후, 무작위로 4 그룹으로 분류하였다. 근관충전재 중 실러가 차지하는 양을 다르게 하기 위해 그룹 별로 .06 taper 또는 .04 taper 거타퍼차를 칼슘실리케이트 실러인 Ceraseal과 함께 사용하여 single-cone 충전법으로 충전하였다. 그룹 별로 재치료용 NiTi 파일로는 ProTaper Universal Retreatment system (PTUR) 또는 Hyflex Remover (HR)를 사용하였다. 충전재 제거에 걸린 시간, 치근단 방출 잔사량, 근관 내의 충전재 잔존량을 측정하고 비교하였다. 결과: 근관치료에 사용된 실러의 양은 충전재 제거 효율에 영향을 미치지 않았다. HR 그룹은 PTUR 그룹보다 빠르게 충전재를 제거하였다. 치근단 방출 잔사량과 근관충전재 잔존량은 재치료용 NiTi 파일의 종류에 따라 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 결론: 근관치료에 사용된 실러의 양은 제거 효율에 유의한 영향을 미치지 않았다. HR는 기존의 PTUR보다 빠르게 충전재를 제거했으며, 다른 제거 효율은 차이가 없었다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.5.1-5.9
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• 2018

Objectives: This study evaluated the amount of remaining root canal filling materials after retreatment procedures performed by undergraduate students using manual, rotary, and reciprocating techniques through micro-computed tomographic analysis. The incidence of instrument fracture and the instrumentation time were also evaluated. Materials and Methods: Thirty maxillary single rooted teeth were prepared with Reciproc R25 files and filled with gutta-percha and AH Plus sealer by the continuous wave of condensation technique. Then, the specimens were assigned to 3 groups (n = 10), according to the retreatment technique used: manual, rotary, and reciprocating groups, which used K-file, Mtwo retreatment file, and Reciproc file, respectively. Retreatments were performed by undergraduate students. The sample was scanned after root canal filling and retreatment procedures, and the images of the canals were examined to quantify the amount of remaining filling material. The incidence of instrument fracture and the instrumentation time were recorded. Results: Remaining filling material was observed in all specimens regardless of the technique used. The mean volume of remaining material was significantly lower in the Reciproc group than in the manual K-file and Mtwo retreatment groups (p < 0.05). The time required to achieve a satisfactory removal of canal filling material and refinement was significantly lower in the Mtwo retreatment and Reciproc groups (p < 0.05) when compared to the manual K-file group. No instrument fracture was observed in any of the groups. Conclusions: Reciproc was the most effective instrument in the removal of canal fillings after retreatments performed by undergraduate students.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.18.1-18.9
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• 2020

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the void of root canal filling over time when a calcium silicate sealer was used in the single gutta-percha cone technique. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four J-shaped simulated root canals and twenty-four palatal root canals from extracted human maxillary molars were instrumented with ProFile Ni-Ti rotary instruments up to size 35/0.06 or size 40/0.06, respectively. Half of the canals were filled with Endoseal MTA and the other half were with AH Plus Jet using the single gutta-percha cone technique. Immediately after and 4 weeks after the root canal filling, the samples were scanned using micro-computed tomography at a resolution of 12.8 ㎛. The scanned images were reconstructed using the NRecon software and the void percentages were calculated using the CTan software, and statistically analyzed by 1-way analysis of variance, paired t-test and Tukey post hoc test. Results: After 4 weeks, there were no significant changes in the void percentages at all levels in both material groups (p > 0.05), except at the apical level of the AH Plus Jet group (p < 0.05) in the simulated root canal showing more void percentage compared to other groups. Immediately after filling the extracted human root canals, the Endoseal MTA group showed significantly less void percentage compared to the AH Plus Jet group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Under the limitations of this study, the Endoseal MTA does not seem to reduce the voids over time.