• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.109-116
• /
• 2014

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to perform the calf-raise exercise on the stable support surface and unstable support surface for comparing deference of the gastrocnemius thickness changes that measured by ultrasonography. Method : Subjects stand on unstable support surface and a stable support surface with both feet. Keeping calf-raise position in the 3 seconds, and then had to return back to the starting position. Total of 3 sets of 15 repetitions performed and give a 30-second rest between each set. In this way, exercise performed 3 times a week, performed a total of 6 weeks. Result : 1. gastrocnemius muscle thickness before and after exercise in experimental group A was significantly different(p<.05). 2. gastrocnemius muscle thickness before and after exercise in experimental group B was significantly different(p<.05). 3. gastrocnemius muscle thickness in experimental group A and experimental group B was significantly difference(p<.05). Conclusion : In conclusion, calf-raise exercise on unstable support surface was more efficient than stable support surface for increasing thickness of gastrocnemius.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.47-54
• /
• 2022

Background: Plyometric exercise is an exercise exerting forceful power in a brief period using isotonic activation. It is effective to improve reaction of muscle, agility, endurance and athletics performance. Weight training is an exericse improving muscular strength, endurance and respirating ability applying diversely in frequency and load of exercise Plyometric exercise and Weight training is to facilitate the athletics performance though improving the function of lower limb muscle, there is a difference that Plyometic jump squats is the way to improve agility and Weight training is the way to improve muscular strength. Therefore, it is necessary to know how this difference effects on athletics performance as measuring ankle, ROM, and jumping ability. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Method: This study was conducted with the voluntary participation of 40 university students, who were randomly assigned to jump squat and calf raise groups (n=20 per group). For each subject, we measured the range of motion of the ankle joint before and after exercise, as well as a standing broad jump and vertical jump test performance. We compared the performance indices before and after exercises using paired t-tests, and between groups using independent-samples t-tests. Conclusions: Both jump squat and calf raise exercises improved ankle joint dorsiflexion and plantar flexion, as well as standing broad jump and vertical jump height performance. However, there were no significant differences before versus after exercise, or between exercise types. Although jump squats and calf raises have different purposes, it is thought that, in combination, these exercises improve performance more effectively than either alone, and that such a combined exercise program improves the quality of training in both the general public and athletes in various sports.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.59-66
• /
• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of study was to test the effect of lower extremity muscle strengthening exercise using elastic resistance on balance on elderly women. Methods: Twenty four women who were over 65 years old were randomly assigned to either the experimental group that received the exercise programme (n=12) or to the control group (n=12) that continued normal activities except programme. Exercises included the following 7 different activities; chair squat, knee flection, extension, hip flection, extension, calf muscle raise, ankle dorsiflection. All the participants were subject to 3 tests, including One-Leg Standing Test, Functional Reaching Test, and Up & Go Test. The measurements were made before the excercise, 4 and 8 weeks after the exercise. The data were analyzed by using the two way repeated ANOVA. Results: The results were as follows; As compared with change of balance capacity between groups, a significant difference was shown in the up and go test (p<.05), but not in balance performance clinical test of OLST (p>.05) and FRT (p>.05). Conclusion: The lower extremity muscle strengthening exercise using elastic resistance for the elderly women had some positive effects on the balance. Therefore this intervention can be broadly applied to other elders for preventing falls.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
• /
• v.15 no.4
• /
• pp.131-143
• /
• 2020

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine if an exercise program with vertical vibration can improve balance, walking speed, muscle strength and falls efficacy in the healthy elderly. METHODS: A total of 28 elderly were randomly divided into two groups: vertical vibration exercise group (exercise with vertical vibration) (N = 14) and control group (exercise without vibration) (N = 14). The exercise program, comprising calf raise, deep-squat, semi-squat, front lunge, and leg abduction was conducted with or without vibration, respectively. Subjects in each group participated in the 30 minutes training program, 2 times per week for 6 weeks. In both groups, the balance evaluation system (BT4) was used to evaluate standing balance, and walking speed was measured using the 10MWT. The manual muscle test system was applied to evaluate the knee extensor and ankle planter flexor muscle strength of the subjects, whereas the Korean falls efficacy scale (K-FES) evaluated the falls efficacy. RESULTS: After intervention, the vertical vibration group showed significantly higher changes compared to the control group, in the parameters of standing balance (P < .05), 10MWT (P < .05), left knee extensor (P < .05), right knee extensor (P < .01), both ankle plantar flexors (P < .05), and K-FES (P < .05). CONCLUSION: The exercise program with vertical vibration has the potential to improve balance, walking speed, muscle power and falls efficacy in the elderly.

• PNF and Movement
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.61-70
• /
• 2012

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate thigh muscle-bone CSA and leg strength during low-intensity exercise program with leg blood flow restriction by external compression to reduce muscle outflow. Methods : Eighteen health students gave informed written consent to participate in this investigation. An occlusion cuff was attached to the proximal end of the leg so that blood flow was reduced during the training. The training was conducted one times a day, three times a week, for 8 weeks using one sets of 30 minutes. The training program performed to squat with standing, lunge with standing and heel raise with one leg standing. Measurements of thigh muscle-bone CSA(cross-sectional area) and leg strength were evaluated pre and post-training. Statistical evaluation of these data was accomplished utilizing a paired t-test by SPSS 12.0 program for windows. Significance level was set at p <.05. Results : All data are reported as means and standard deviations(SD) for all variables. The result of the study is followed; After the training, muscle-bone CSA, gluteus maximus m, quadriceps m, hamstring m of both legs were significantly improved but not calf muscle(p<.05). There was no significant difference of change quantity between muscle-bone CSA and leg strength in Lt. and Rt. side. But the variation in leg muscle strength of Rt. leg(dominant) was much more increased than Lt. leg(non-dominant) after 8 weeks training. Conclusion : Low-intensity training with leg blood flow restriction offers a potentially useful method for improving leg muscle strength.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Clinical Electrophysiology
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.95-105
• /
• 2007

The purpose of this study is to define the effect of taping and icing on muscle fatigue at knee joint of ordinary adult. The 30 adults meeting research standard were chosen to be observed. The period of the research was 9 days and N-K table was used as equipment to measure position sense of knee joint. Heart rate monitor was also used to measure heart beat during both when in comfortable state and in exercises. For the method of this study, error in position sense of knee joint was measured right before fatigue occurs. Then volunteers were to be exercised for 10 minutes in treadmill aiming to raise the heart beat to 90%. If muscle fatigue occurs after the exercise, let the comparative group rest for 20 minutes while applying taping for group 1 and icing for group 2. For the icing, it was applied for 3 minutes followed by 1 minute rest. 5 sets of icing were applied on thighs and calf each, Then error of position sense of knee joint was measured same way it was done before muscle fatigue. As the result, there were similar differences among comparative group(p<.05), group 1 and group 2 before the muscle fatigue and after the muscle fatigue. There were similar differences in comparative group with muscle fatigue, group 1 and group 2 as the result of one-way ANOVA and with further examination, similar differences were only found in between comparative group and group 2(p<.05). With the result, we can see there wasn't clear effect of rest, icing or taping, however, group 2 with icing showed better condition compared to comparative group who have rested without any application.