• BMB Reports
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.407-413
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• 2005

Calcium and zinc binding protein, calprotectin is a multifunctional protein with broad spectrum antimicrobial and antitumoural activity. It was purified from human neutrophil, using a two-step ion exchange chromatography. Since surface hydrophobicity of calprotectin may be important in membrane anchoring, membrane penetration, subunits oligomerization and some biological roles of protein, in this study attempted to explore the effect of calcium in physiological range on the calprotectin lipophilicity. Incubation of human calprotectin ($50\;{\mu}g/ml$) with different calcium concentrations showed that 1-anilino-8-naphthalene sulfonic acid (ANS) fluorescence intensity of the protein significantly elevates with calcium in a dose dependent manner, suggesting an increase in calprotectin surface hydrophobicity upon calcium binding. Our study also indicates that calcium at higher concentrations (6, 8 and 10 mM) induces aggregation of human calprotectin. Our finding demonstrates that the starting time and the rate constant of calprotectin aggregation depend on the calcium concentration.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.538-548
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• 1995

Calcium hydroxide has been used not only as pulp capping and pulpotomy agents in the operative dentistry, but dressing and temporary filling materials in root canal treatment. Calcium hydroxide was known to stimulate odontoblast to produce new reparative dentin and to eliminate microorganims effectively in the infected root canals. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of calcium hydroxide solution on cultured L929 cells and its antibacterial effect on several streptococci. Calcium hydroxide solution (0.121g/100ml) was added to L929 cells and cell viability was measured using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl) -2,5-dimethyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and neutral red (NR) dye. Calcium hydroxide solution (20, 40, 60, 80, 100 and $150{\mu}l$) was added to L929 cells in 96-well microplates for 1, 4 and 24 hours respectively. Cell viability was gradually decreased when the volume and exposure time of calcium hydroxide solution were increased. When $150{\mu}l$ of calcium hydroxide was applied to L929 cells for 24 hours, there was more than fifty percent reduction of cell viability. Calcium hydroxide solution (20g/100ml) showed antibacterial effect against S. uberis, S. intermedius and S. mitis after thirty-second exposure. But 0.121g/100ml concentration of cacium hydroxide solution exhibited no antibacterial effect on six streptococci after one-hour exposure.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.65-70
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• 2001

본 연구는 20일 동안 TBTO 노출에 의한 참굴의 생존율 및 hemolymph 내의 무기성분과 효소활성의 변동을 조사하였다. TBTO 노출에 의한 참굴의 생존율은 실험 20일 동안 $10{\mu}g$/L이하의 농도에서 90%이상을 나타냈다. 그러나 참굴의 생존율은 TBT농도가 증가함에 따라 감소하기 시작하여 실험 10일째 TBT농도 $80{\mu}g$/L이상, 실험 20일째는 $50{\mu}g$/L이상의 농도에서 유의한 감소가 관찰되었고, $100{\mu}g$/L에서는 실험 16일째 전 개체가 사망하였다. 참굴의 hemolymph의 calcium 농도는 10일째 대조구를 포함한 TBTO $5\sim10{\mu}g$/L 농도에서 유사한 값을 나타냈으나 $50{\mu}g$/L 이상의 TBTO 농도에서는 급격히 증가하여 대조구에 비해 유의한 증가가 관찰되었다. 또한 20일째 calcium 농도는 10일째 보다 전반적으로 증가하였으며, 대조구와 비교하여 $20{\mu}g$/L 이상의 농도에서 유의한 증가를 나타냈다. GPT활성은 실험 전 기간을 통해 모든 농도구에서 뚜렷한 변화를 보이지 않았다. 그러나 GOT는 실험 10일째 이상의 $20{\mu}g$/L이상의 농도에서 유의한 증가를 나타냈다.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.419-423
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• 1974

The authors have investigated the roles of cortisone and calcium on the depressive effects of local anesthetics on the acetylcholine-induced skeletal muscle contraction in frog. The results are as follows. 1. Tetracaine, cocaine, lidocaine and procaine decreased the acetylcholine-induced skeletal muscle contraction. 2. Cortisone increased the depressive effects of local anesthetics on the acetyl-choline-induced skeletal muscle contraction. 3. There was a tendency that in high calcium concentration, the depressive effects of cocaine and lidocaine on acetylcholine-induced skeletal muscle contraction were increased.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.573-581
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• 1999

유용 양식어류인 이스라엘잉어를 대상으로 유수식 방법에 의해 시안독성에 대하여 5주 동안 그들의 혈액성상 및 화학적 변동을 조사하였다. 시안노출에 의한 이스라엘잉어의 RBC수, Hb농도 및 Ht값은 시안농도 151$\mu$g/$\ell$ 이상에서 4주 후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다 MCH 및 MCV는 시안농도 289$\mu$g/$\ell$에서 5주 후부터 유의한 증가를 나타내었으나, MCHC의 변동은 관찰되지 않았다. 혈청 무기성분인 calcium농도는 5주 후에 시안농도 151 $\mu$g/$\ell$ 이상에서 유의하게 감소하였고, magnesium농도는 시안농도 289$\mu$g/$\ell$에서 4주 후부터 유의한 증가를 나타내었으며, inorganic phosphate농도는 모든 시안농도에서 유의한 변동이 관찰되지 않았다. 혈청 유기성분인 total protein, albumin 및 glucose농도는 시안농도 151 $\mu$g/$\ell$이상에서 4주 후부터 유의한 감소가 인정되었다. 혈청 GOT, GPT 및 LDH활성은 시안농도 151 $\mu$g/$\ell$이상에서 3주 후부터 유의한 증가를 나타내었고, 혈청 Ch-E 활성은 289$\mu$g/$\ell$에서는 4주 후부터 유의한 증가를 나타내었으나, Al-P 및 amylase활성의 특징적인 변동은 관찰되지 않았다. 결론적으로 151 $\mu$g/$\ell$이상의 시안농도는 이스라엘잉어의 혈액내 의 RBC수, Hb농도 및 Ht값, 혈청내의 calcium, magnesium, total protein, albumin 및 glucose농도, 혈청내의 GOT, GPT 및 LDH 활성변동에 영향을 미치고 있었다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.279-288
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• 1998

This study explored the effect of calcium levels and/or ovariectomy on bone metabolism using female Sprague-Dawley weanling rats as a model . Rats received a low (0.1%) calcium diet for 8 weeks. The rats were then divided into three subgroups that were fed 0.1% ,0.5% and 1.5% calcium diets for 8 weeks after operation. The results of this experiment indicate that body weight gin was higher in ovariectomy groups than in sham groups regardless of calcium level and food intake. Serum Ca and P concentrations were of normal level regardless of calcium level and ovariectomy. Estrogen concentration was low in the ovariectomized group. Serum alkaline phophatase activity and urinary hydroxyproline have been used as markers of bone formation and resorption. These values were increased in ovariectomized groups. The weight, length and breaking force of femur were not significantly different between the groups. Ash, Ca, P and total lipid contents in femur and lumbar were decreased in the groups fed low calcium . Mg content was decreased in the ovariectomy and total protein content was not affected by calcium level and ovariectomy. The effect groups of ovarectomy on calcium contents of bone was more prominent in lumbar than in femur. In conclusion, though low calcium intakes during growth period may retard the attainment of peak bone mass, calcium supplementation after this period increased bone growth and mineral contents, but not significant effect in three calcium levels. Furthermore, calcium intake was shown to have a greater influence on the mineral contents of femur than of lumbar, and removal of endogenous estrogen production by ovariectomy was shown to be more deleterious on the ash and calcium contents of the lumbar than of femur.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.53-61
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• 2012

본 연구의 목적은 연약지반에 대한 미생물의 고결화 메커니즘을 확인하기 위함이다. 연약지반에 대한 미생물의 고결화 메커니즘을 확인하기 위해서 6가지 미생물 조건(무처리, 일반농도처리, 고농도처리, 상층액처리, 2X 고농도처리, 25% 시료 고농도처리)으로 실험되어졌다. 전자현미경(SEM, EDX)과 X선 분석 회절기(XRD)를 이용하여 실트질시료와 느슨한 모래시료의 분석을 수행하였으며, 일반농도처리 시료에 비교하여 25% 시료 고농도처리 시료에서 입자와 입자 사이에 탄산칼슘이 더욱 명확히 관찰되어졌다. 이러한 연구결과를 바탕으로 연약지반에 대한 미생물 고결화 반응을 확인할 수 있었다.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.501-511
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• 1994

Dynamics of nutrients, non-polar, water solubles, acid solubles and acid insolubles (lignin) in decomposing litter were investigated for 2 years in the oak, Quercus acutissima, and the pitch pine, Pinus rigida, stands in the vicinity of Kongju, Chungnam Province. Nitrogen and phosphorus conetrations in decomposing litter increased with time elapsed, however, potassium decreased rapidly within three months and then remined constant with time elapsed. Calcium concentration in needle litter during experimental period was lower than that of initial concentration in needle litter during experimental period was lower than that of initial concentration, and showed no significant variation with time elapsed. Calcium concentration in oak litter during the experimental period, however, were higher than that of initial concentration. Magnesium concentration in oak litter decreased repidly during six months, and then remaines constant thereafter. Annual amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium which returned to soil via litter decomposition in the oak and the pitch pine stands was $3.3g/m^2$ and $0.9g/m^2$ for N, $0.03g/m^2$ and $0.01g/m^2$ for P, $1.3g/m^2$ and $0.7g/m^2$ for K, $0.7g/m^2$ and $1.2g/m^2$ for Ca, $0.9g/m^2$ and $0.4g/m^2$ for Mg, respectively. Non-polar, and water- and acid-soluble fractions in decomposing litter decreased and lignin increased with time.

• 현장농수산연구지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.47-59
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• 2012

사과 '후지'에서 유기 칼슘화합물(ACa)을 수관살포 농도별 및 생육후반기 횟수별 처리한 후 과실의 칼슘농도, 동녹 발생 및 과실품질에 미치는 영향을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 생육기간중 ACa 수관살포의 적정농도는 엽에는 125배에서 1,000배, 과실에서는 125배 이었다. 생육기간중 ACa 500배 수관살포 적정횟수는 엽에는 1회 (9월 25일) ~ 3회 (9월 25일, 10월 5일, 15일), 과피에는 1회 (9월 25일), 과육에서는 2회 (9월 25일, 10월 5일) ~ 3회(9월 25일, 10월 5일, 15일)이었다. ACa 생육후반기 농도 및 살포 횟수 수관살포에 의한 약해발생은 육안으로 발견하지 못하였다.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.79-90
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• 1996

Total suspended particles were measured at Kosan, Cheju Island, Korea during the period of March 11 .sim. April 19, 1994. Concentrations of non-sea salt(nss) ions were higher than those measured at clean marine areas in Japan and other background marine areas in the world. Especially, nss sulfate concentration is compatable to thoes measured at Seoul. It is suggested that most nss sulfate concentration is originated from anthropogenic sources. Nss sulfate concentration shows strong correlation with ammonium and nss potassium concentrations while shows no a pparent correlation with nitrate and nss calcium concentrations. Nss calcium concentrations shows strong correlation with nss potassium and mss magnesium concentrations. It is deduced that nss potassium has two origins, one anthropogenic, the other crustal. Backward trajectory analysis results show the trajectories of air parcel during the measurement period were mostly originated from China. It is shown that cases of high nss sulfate with high nss calcium can occur when an air parcel originated from arid and semi-arid regions of morthwestern China or Mongolia passes through northeastern China.