• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.19-31
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• 1976

To study the eruption pattern of the mandibular first permanent molar, the author took 263 cases of Oblique Cephalogram from age 3 to 6 years old children and observed the vertical and mesiodistal directional change and tooth axis change. The following results were obtained.; 1. The eruption pattern of the mandibular first permanenl molar was changed at about 60~66 months or calcification stage IX. 2. At the early stage, the path of eruption of the mandibular first permanent molar directed upward and forward and after calcification stage IX it changed to the direction of upward. 3. The height of the alveolar bone of the upper part of the mandibular first permanent molar was almost equal to that of the interseptal bone of the first and second deciduous molar, but the height showed gradual descent afterwards. 4. At the early stage, the distance from the distal end of the mandibular second deciduous molar to the anterior portion of the ascending ramus was 1.2~1.4 times larger than the mesio-distal diameter of the mandibular first permanent molar, but at the later stage it was enlarged 1.7~1.9 times larger than the mesiodistal diameter of the mandibular first permanent molar.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.622-639
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• 1990

The use of aortic valve homograft has been developed since 1962 when Ross and Barratt - Boyes independently replaced a diseased aortic valve with an orthotopically inserted homograft valve. And also surgical treatment of complex congenital cardiac malformations utilizing homograft extracardiac conduit has been tried with better result than any other prosthetic material. The present study was undertaken to clarify the safety tissue viability, sterility, after following our protocol of procurement of heart, dissection of aortic and pulmonic homograft, sterilization, cryopreservation, thawing and dilution, and transplantation on experimental animal, sheep. Tissue viability of valve and great artery was assessed by tissue culture. Sterility was evaluated by bacterial and fungal culture. The method used was proven no deleterious effect on the integrity of the valve. Tissue culture of valve tissue before, and after cryopreservation process resulted that active fibroblast growth was observed from homograft sterilized with antibiotics. And culture of the transplanted homograft from sacrificed animal showed active fibroblast growth. Pathologic examination of implanted valve tissue from sacrificed sheep showed mild calcification and minor change, but there were moderate and severe calcification of wall of great arteries.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2001

Study design : A retrospective study of lumbar disc herniations using results of follow-up computed tomographic scan examinations. Objective : Lumbar disc herniations is one of the cause low back pain and lower extremity pain. To clarify the lumbar disc herniations morphological changes over time(mean 5.3 years) in order to establish a strategy for treatment. Methods : Sixteen patients with lumbar disc herniations who underwent follow-up computed tomographic scan examinations were studied. The changes over time in herniated disc size(herniation ratio) were evaluated using this scan technique. The initial computed tomographic scan allowed classification of the herniations according to herniation ratio: small, medium and large. Results : Comparison with follow-up computed tomographic scans showed that of the 16 patients, in 14 patients(88%), the herniation ratio(HR) was decreased and among them, 8 patients had complet resolution of herniated disc. In 2 patients with small herniations, the HR of one case was increased, the other was decreased. In 8 patients with medium herniations, the HR of one case had no change, the others was decreased. In 6 patients with large herniation, the HR of all patients was decreased. Interestingly, 4 of the 16 patients showed calcification change of herniated disc. Conclusion : There is no doubt that herniated disc size is decreased over time. The largest herniations were those which had the greatest tendency to decrease in size. But in some cases, the HR was increased, or calcification change was showed.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.269-273
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• 1974

This present investigation was concerned with the content of ash, Mg, Ca, K and N'a of bone, cartilage, incisor teeth and molar teeth in rats of different weights. The results obtained were summarized as follows. 1. Cartilage is the most adequate model for the study in vivo of mechanisms concerned with normal calcification. 2. The percentage of inorganic material in cartilage rose from approx 13% of the dry weight in 5g rat to 46% in the tissue from rats weighing 134g 3. There was no marked change in the content of ash, Ca, Mg, K and Na after eruptions due to the increasing weight.

• 대한골관절종양학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.89-94
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• 2006

신경초종이 오래되어서 퇴행성 변화를 일으키면 이를 퇴행성 신경초종이라고 명칭하며, 드물게 보고되고 있다. 혈관주변의 초자화, 출혈, 석회화, 낭성 괴사, Antoni A 구역의 축소, 핵의 변형 등의 퇴행성 변화가 나타날 수 있으며, 이러한 퇴행성 변화로 인해 육종 등으로 잘못 진단되기 쉽다. 본원에서는 75세 남자 환자의 하퇴부에서 광범위한 출혈과 혈종, 낭성 변화, 석회화, Antoni A 구역의 축소 등의 퇴행성 변화가 진행된 퇴행성 신경초종을 경험하였기에 문헌적 고찰과 함께 이를 보고하는 바이다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2013

Background: Glutaraldehyde (GA) is a widely used cross-linking agent for improving mechanical properties and resistance to enzymatic degradation of collagenous tissue, but it has several drawbacks such as calcification and cytotoxicity. The aim of this study was to find the alternative effective cross-linking methods to GA. Materials and Methods: Bovine pericardium was processed with GA with ethanol+octanol and glycine detoxification, and polyethylene glycol (PG) space filler, dimethyl 3,3'-dithiobispropionimidate (DTBP), 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC) treatment, and the physical fixation of ultraviolet irradiation were done. The biologic material properties of variously treated pericardial tissues were assessed by biochemical, mechanical and histological tests. Treated pericardial tissues were also implanted subcutaneously or intramuscularly into the rabbit for 10 weeks to assess the xenoreactive antibody response of immunoglobulin G and M, their anti-calcification effect. Results: The biochemical and mechanical properties of EDC fixed pericardial tissues were comparable to the GA fixed tissue. The cytotoxicity was lowest in space filler treated GA fixed group. In rabbit subcutaneous or intramuscular implantation models, decellularization, space filler, EDC treatment group showed significantly lower calcium content than GA only and DTBP treatment group (p<0.05, analysis of variance). The titer of anti $Gal{\alpha}1-3Gal{\beta}1$-4GlcNAc-R antibodies did not change in the postimplantation serial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Hematoxylin and eosin and von Kossa staining showed that decellularization, space filler, EDC, and ultraviolet treatment had less inflammatory cell infiltration and calcium deposits. Conclusion: The decellularization process, PG filler, and EDC treatments are good alternative cross-linking methods compared to GA only fixation and primary amine of DTBP treatment for cardiovascular xenograft preservation in terms of the collagen cross-linking stability and in vivo anti-calcification effects.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.758-770
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• 1996

Discectomy is the oldest and most commonly performed operation for the painful temporomandibular joint with internal derangement. It is the one operation for which there are longest follow-up study, with Eriksson, Silver, and Tolvanen et al reporting good results in patients about 30 years after discectomy. About 80% to 90% of patients clinically experience relief from pain and dysfunction after discectomy, and interestingly, the results may improve with time. However such as Myrhaug found headache and Poswillo supposed pain and limitation of movement as postoperative complications, even though this operation had the longest follow-up term, several aspects of discectomy remain unclear. The controversies to discectomy for TMJ with pain and dysfunction have laid emphasis only upon clinical results, and then the histomorphological study was planned to evaluate the morphologic change of TMJ after discectomy. To clarify the nature of the change through an observation on the morphologic changes of articular cartilage and subchondral bone of the condyle resulting from experimental unilateral discectomy in rabbit, the author excised the left articular discs of 12 male rabbits(control 4 rabbits), weighing about 3kg, and at 1, 3, 6, 9 weeks following surgery, harvested both(left surgical site and right nonsurgical sits) TMJ. The specimens were examined with light microscope after H-E and MT stain and the obtained results were as follows. 1. Histopathological features showed thickening of articular zone and active proliferation of fibrocartilaginous zone associated with slight proliferative zone in surgical site than control group. Also replacement of chondrocytes in calcified cartilaginous zone into bone cells was observed. 2. There were thinning of thickness of each zone of articular cartilage except calcified cartilagnous zone was observed in nonsurgical site. 3. In MT stain of condylar trabeculae, there was increased calcification in nonsurgical site than control and surgical site and the degree of calcification was similar in surgical site and control group. 4. In both site of experimental group no features of degenerative changes were observed. From the above results, it is presumed that the morphologic changes of surgical site discectomy are compensatory remodeling process characterized by an hyperplastic reaction of the articular zone and fibrocartilaginous zone filling the void created by removing the disc, and the bone changes are secondary to changes in the cartilage. Increased degree of calcification seen in condylar trabeculae of nonsurgical site results from the excessive use of condyle of that site.

• 대한정형외과 초음파학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.66-74
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• 2012

목적: 만성 석회화 건염에 대한 보존적 치료방법으로 석회질 다발성 천공술과 체외 충격파 병합 치료의 효과를 비교하고, 체외 충격파 치료의 에너지 수준에 따른 임상적, 방사선학적 효과에 대하여 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 환자 선정은 2010년 6월부터 2011년 8월까지 어깨 통증으로 내원 후 극상근 만성 석회화 건염으로 진단받은 환자 98명을 대상으로 하였으며, 천공술 후 체외 충격파 치료를 에너지 수준에 따라 고에너지군(제 1군;31명), 저에너지군(제 2군;36명) 및 다발성 천공술 시행군(제 3군;31명) 으로 분류하였다. 보존적 치료에 반응하지 않고, 견관절 통증이 6개월 이상 지속되는 만성 석회화 건염 환자들만을 대상으로 하였다. 임상적 평가는 시술 전과 후 12주째 임상적 기능향상 및 증상 호전 정도를 ASES, KSS, CSS와 방사선학적 호전 정도를 석회화 결절의 크기 변화로 평가하였다. 결과: 세 군 모두에서 임상적 기능의 개선과 석회화의 감소가 나타났으며, 특히 임상적인 개선이 다발성 천공술만을 시행한 군(3 군)보다 추가적인 ESWT를 시행한 군(1, 2군)에서 매우 높게 나타났다. 또 방사선학적으로 볼 때, 석회화의 크기와 진행 속도는 통계적으로 유의하게 줄어들었다. 군간의 비교를 보면, 임상기능 개선의 정도와 석회화의 속도 감소의 차이는 고에너지 군(1군), 다발성 천공술(3군) 사이가 저에너지 군(2군), 다발성 천공술(3군)에서 보다 더 크게 나타났다, 그러나, 고에너지 군(1군)과 저에너지 군(2군)에서는 큰 차이가 없었다. 결론: 만성 석회화 건염의 치료를 위해, 추가적인 체외 충격파 치료는 다발성 천공술 단일로 시행했을 때보다 에너지 수준에 관계없이 임상적 기능의 개선과 석회화의 감소에 더 우수한 효과를 보여주었다. 그러나, 에너지 수준에 의한 체외 충격파 치료의 결과로, 석회화의 감소와 임상 기능 개선 정도에 대한 큰 차이가 없었다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제26권7호
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• pp.521-525
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• 1993

Sixty-three patients who underwent open mitral commissurotomy at Sejong General Hospital during last 10 years from the August, 1983 to June, 1993 were reviewed There were fifty-one women and twelve men, and the mean age was 34.2 years. According to the NYHA classification, the distribution of patient preoperatively was as follows: class I, 5 patients ; class II, 26 patients ; class III, 30 patients ; class IV, 2 patients, and mean duration of symptome was 4.5 years. The mean mitral valvular area measured with echocardiogram preoperatively was 0.92cm2. All patients underwent open mitral commissurotomy and 41 patients required additional procedures for relief of subvalvular stenosis or other valvular disease. There were no operative death. 63 patients had three different types of mitral stenosis : type I, mobile cusps without subvalvular change [21 patients] ; typeII, thickened cusps with subvalvular change [34 patients] ; type III, rigid cusps with severe subvalvular change [8 patients]. The valvular calcification was seen in 11 patients [17%] and 15 patients [24%] had left atrial thrombus. The duration of follow-up was from 1 month to 168 months [mean, 39.6 months] and there were no late death. Six patients required reoperation and one patient had embolic episode. Conclusively,the open mitral commissurotomy represents a safe surgical precedure for treating mitral stenosis, allowing a complete removal of atrial thrombosis if present, and even when associated with subvalvular changes.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.14-18
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• 2012

Background: The purpose of this study was to differentiate chromophobe renal cell carcinoma and clear cell renal cell carcinoma on helical CT. Methods: The CT images of 9 patients histopathologically proven to have chromophobe renal cell carcinoma and 20 patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma were reviewed. The tumor sizes, margins, enhancement degrees and patterns, presence or absence of calcification, and tumor spread patterns (including perinephric changes, venous invasion, lymphadenopathy, and distant metastasis) were compared. Results: All the chromophobe renal cell carcinomas showed well-demarcated margins. Thechromophobe renal cell carcinomas showed milder enhancements than the clear cell renal cell carcinomas. The sensitivity and specificity for differentiating the chromophobe renal cell carcinoma from the clear cell renal cell carcinoma were 100 and 88%, respectively, when 101 Hounsfield units was used as the cut-off value in the corticomedullary phase, and 95 and 100% when a less-than-three-time enhancement change was used as a cut-off value in the corticomedullary phase (p<0.05). The chromophobe renal cell carcinomas (67%) tended to show a homogeneous enhancement whereas the clear cell renal cell carcinomas (85%) usually showed a heterogeneous enhancement (p<0.05). Statistical analysis revealed that the frequencies of the tumor spread pattern and calcification in the two subtypes didnot differ significantly (p>0.05). Conclusion: The CT findings of the chromophobe renal cell carcinomascompared to those of the clear cell renal cell carcinomas showed that there were mild enhancements in the corticomedullary phase, homogeneous enhancements, and well-demarcated margins.