• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.30-40
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• 2022

Background: This study analyzed the reliability of smart guides for gait analysis in patients with stroke. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: The participants of the study were 30 patients with stroke who could walk more than 10 m and had an MMSE-K test score of ≥24. Prior to the experiment, the subjects or their guardians entered their demographic characteristics including gender, age, height, weight into the prepared computer. The experiment was conducted in a quiet, comfortable, and independent location, and the patient was reminded of the equipment description, precautions, and safety rules for walking. A smart insole was inserted into the shoes of the patients and the shoes were put on before the patients walked three times on the 5-m gait analysis system mat installed in the laboratory. Results: The reliability of the equipment was compared with that of the gait analysis system, and the results of this study are as follows: among the gait analysis items, velocity had an ICC=0.982, the cadence had an ICC=0.905, the swing phase on the side of the gait cycle had an ICC=0.893, the swing phase on the side of the gait had an ICC=0.839, that on the non-affected side had an ICC=0.939, single support on the affected side had an ICC=0.812, and support on the non-affected side had an ICC=0.767. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate no statistical difference between the smart insole and the gait analysis system. Therefore, it is believed that real-time gait analysis through smart insole measurement could help patients in rehabilitation.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2022

Background: This research was conducted to understand balance training in trunk control, balance, and walking in stroke patients. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Methods: The subjects included 40 stroke patients, of whom 20 undertook balance training using visual information and the other 20 undertook balance training using balance boards. Using visual feedback, the balance training group used a training program within the static balanced evaluation tool, while the balance training group trained using a balance board. All subjects underwent 20 mins of neurodevelopmental treatment, and both target groups underwent 10 mins each of balance training by using either visual feedback or a balance board. The treatment period lasted a total of 4 weeks, twice a day. Trunk control before and after training was evaluated with the Trunk Impairment Scale. Balance capability was assessed by the Berg Balance Scale, Functional Reach Test, Timed Up and Go test, and Static balance measurement tool. Walking capacity was measured using gait measuring equipment, and cadence and velocity were measured. Results: Both groups showed a significant improvement in their interstitial control, balance, and gait ability after the experiments compared to before the experiments (p<0.05). The difference between the two groups was not significant. The visual feedback balance training group showed a more substantial improvement than the balance board training group. Conclusion: In this study, we found that the balance training combined with visual feedback contributes to improving trunk control, balance, and gait in patients with hemiplegia due to stroke. In addition to this, I believe that balanced training combined with visual feedback can be used as a training method when considering patients who lack interstitial control, balance, and gait ability.

• 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
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• 제53권5호
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• pp.521-531
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• 2014

본 연구는 한국인 20대의 남성과 여성을 대상으로 보행 분석상의 표준화 방법 중의 하나인 dimensionless number의 효과를 검정하고 이를 통해 성별간 보행형태를 분석하는데 목적이 있다. 피험자는 기술표준원에서 제공하는 한국인 표준체형 및 연령 분류 체계에 맞춰 선정하였으며, 3차원 동작분석 시스템이 사용되었다. 데이터 분석을 위한 소프트웨어로는 Cortex, OrthoTrak, Matlab, Excel이 사용되었으며 통계검정을 위해서 SPSS를 사용하였다. 분석 결과를 살펴보면, Hof(1996)의 dimensionless number 변환을 통한 20대 성별 간 보행 형태는 시·공간 변인인 stride length, step length, stride time, step time, 보행속도(velocity), cadence 모두에서 유의한 차이가 없었으며, 표준화 전·후에 따라 통계분석의 결과가 달라짐을 확인하였다. 따라서 보행 분석에서 데이터의 표준화 방법 중의 하나인 dimensionless number의 적용은 통계학적 검정에 영향을 줄만큼 C.V. 값을 변화시키는 것으로 확인되었다. 본 연구를 통해, 상호 비교를 위한 보행연구에서 dimensionless number를 이용한 표준화 방식은 피험자의 신체적 특성이 분석에 미치는 영향을 제거하고 보다 정확한 통계 검정을 위해서 반드시 요구되는 과정이라는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 천문학회보
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.50.3-51
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• 2021

The progenitor of Type Ia supernovae is largely expected as a close binary system of a carbon/oxygen white dwarf (WD) primary and its secondary non-degenerate (single degenerate; SD) or degenerate companion (double degenerate; DD). Here we present a high-cadence monitoring observation of SN 2021hpr in a spiral galaxy, NGC 3147. SN 2021hpr shows typical characteristics as a normal type Ia supernova from its photometric (Δm₁₅(B)=1.01±0.03, dust free M_B,max=-19.45±0.02) and spectroscopic data. To investigate its progenitor system, we fit the early part of BVRI-band light curve simultaneously with a combined version of ejecta-companion and simple power-law model. As a result, we found a significant feature of an early excess possibly from a 7.63±0.52R_⊙-sized companion at the optimal viewing angle while the fit is not successful at the common viewing angle. No possible red sources brighter than F555W=-7.01 AB mag is detected at the SN location in Hubble Space Telescope (HST) pre-explosion images, excluding massive stars with initial mass of >16M_⊙ as companions. We suggest the progenitor system of SN 2021hpr can be a fairly large companion such as a main sequence, a low mass subgiant, and a helium giant star. In addition, a possibility of the ejecta-Disk Originated Matter (DOM) interaction for the DD scenario considering linearly-rising early flux still remains.

• 천문학회보
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.55.2-56
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• 2021

The progenitor of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) is mainly believed to be a close binary system of acarbon-oxygen white dwarf (CO WD) and non-degenerate companion (single degenerate) or another WD (double degenerate). However, it is unclear which system is more prevalent. Here, we present a high cadence optical/Near-IR light curve of normal but slightly faint type Ia SN 2019ein from IMSNG project. We fit the early light curve (t <+8.3 days from the first detection) with various models to find the shock-heated cooling emission from SN ejecta-companion interaction. No significant shock-heated cooling emission is found, from which we constrain the progenitor star size as the following. The upper limit (R_upper,*) of the companion size in R-band is ~0.2R_⊙ when forcing the first light time (t_fl) to have one value and ~0.9R_⊙ when using the mean value of tfl from the fitting in each band. Assuming the source of the I-band curve is almost powered from the radioactive decay, we obtained R_upper,*~1.2R_⊙. The early B-V color curve is in agreement with the model color curve of the 2M_⊙ main sequence companion. These results allow us to at least rule out large stars like red giants as a companion star of the binary progenitor system of this supernova. B-R and V-R color do not show any significant signs of a red bump, which shows a thin helium shell (MHe<0.1M_⊙) for the sub-Mch WD (double detonation model). In addition, we estimated the distance to NGC 5353 as 37.098±0.028Mpc.

• 천문학회보
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.41.2-41.2
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• 2021

In this study, we generate He I 1083 nm images from Solar Dynamic Observatory (SDO)/Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) images using a novel deep learning method (pix2pixHD) based on conditional Generative Adversarial Networks (cGAN). He I 1083 nm images from National Solar Observatory (NSO)/Synoptic Optical Long-term Investigations of the Sun (SOLIS) are used as target data. We make three models: single input SDO/AIA 19.3 nm image for Model I, single input 30.4 nm image for Model II, and double input (19.3 and 30.4 nm) images for Model III. We use data from 2010 October to 2015 July except for June and December for training and the remaining one for test. Major results of our study are as follows. First, the models successfully generate He I 1083 nm images with high correlations. Second, the model with two input images shows better results than those with one input image in terms of metrics such as correlation coefficient (CC) and root mean squared error (RMSE). CC and RMSE between real and AI-generated ones for the model III with 4 by 4 binnings are 0.84 and 11.80, respectively. Third, AI-generated images show well observational features such as active regions, filaments, and coronal holes. This work is meaningful in that our model can produce He I 1083 nm images with higher cadence without data gaps, which would be useful for studying the time evolution of chromosphere and coronal holes.

• 대한중풍순환신경학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.49-60
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• 2013

■ Objectives The aim of this study is to analyze the change of gait pattern by the taping therapy in a hemiplegic patient. ■ Methods We conducted the taping therapy for 7 days to affected ankle joint of hemiplegic patient and analyzed the change of gait pattern using Treadmill Gait analysis equipment(Zebris Co.Ltd FDM-T) ■ Results In terms of affected side, cadence, total double support, step length and stance phase decreased, while swing phase and step time increased by taping therapy. In terms of unaffected side, step length increased by taping therapy. Center of pressure intersection point moved to posterior and affected side in cyclogram pattern. ■ Conclusion Taping therapy to affected ankle joint of hemiplegic patient would be advantages to gait improvement in hemiplegic patients.

• 대한중풍순환신경학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.61-70
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• 2013

■ Objectives The goal of this pilot study is to observe the change of gait pattern in a patient after peroneal nerve electrical stimulation(PNST). ■ Methods We analyzed the gait pattern of stroke patient using treadmill gait analysis system before and after PNST for seven weeks. The PNST was carried out for 20minutes every day except Sunday. In addition, the measurement was carried out every Saturday. At the fifth week, the PNST was not carried out to confirm whether the effect of PNST was disappeared immediately when PNST was not applied. ■ Results After PNST, while heel contact time and heel max force increased and forefoot and midfoot max force decreased, the gait parameters such as cadence, velocity, swing phase, stance phase, total double support, step length, stride length, step time, stride time and forefoot contact time, were not changed. ■ Conclusion Gait of a patient with cerebral stroke was changed positively after PNST.

• 대한중풍순환신경학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.40-48
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• 2013

■ Objectives This study was designed to investigate the effects of an ankle foot orthosis(AFO) on gait of two hemiparetic stroke patients with foot drop. ■ Methods Gait of two hemiparetic stroke patients were analyzed during walking on the treadmill without or with AFO application. The spatiotemporal and center of pressure(CoP) intersection parameters of gait analysis were measured using a treadmill gait analysis system. ■ Results The AFO had positive effects on hemiparetic gait parameters; increasing cadence, increasing step length, decreasing step time, stride time, and lateral symmetry. ■ Conclusion Hemiparetic gait was improved by ankle foot orthosis.

• 천문학회보
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.36.1-36.1
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• 2020

The progenitor of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) is mainly believed to be a carbon/oxygen white dwarf (WD) with non-degenerate (single degenerate) or another WD companion (double degenerate). However, there is little observational evidence of their progenitor system. Recent studies suggest that shock-breakout cooling emission after the explosion can constrain the size of the progenitor system. To do so, we obtained a optical/Near-IR light curve of SN 2019ein, a normal but slightly sub-luminous type Ia supernova, from the very early phase using our high-cadence observation of Intensive Monitoring Survey of Nearby Galaxies (IMSNG). Assuming the expanding fireball model, the simple power-law fitting of the early part of the light curve gives power indices of 1.91 (B) and 2.09 (R) implying radioactive decay of 56Ni is the dominant energy source. By comparison with the expected light curve of the cooling emission, the early observation provides us an upper limit of the companion size of R∗≤1R⊙. This result suggests that we can exclude a large companion such as red giants, which is consistent with the previous study.