• 유통과학연구
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.89-99
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• 2018

Purpose - In this study, we discuss the current status and barriers of digital transformation focused on small businesses. More specifically, this study consists of two studies. The purpose of study 1 is to investigate the effect of digitization of small businesses on the sales of stores and the number of visiting customers. The purpose of Study 2 is to examine the status and obstacles of online channels use by small businesses. Research design, data, and methodology - In Study 1, we will examine the changes in sales and visitor numbers of stores that are rapidly adapting to digital transformation among small business. For this, we utilize the actual situation of store management survey conducted by the Small Enterprise and Market Service. Specifically, multiple regression equations were used to determine whether blogs and online shopping malls were operating, and the proportion of credit cards to sales as independent variables and sales and number of visiting customers as dependent variables. Next, in Study 2, we surveyed the 15 small business owners in the latest survey on the actual situation of store management survey conducted in 2015, and conducted an in-depth interview to examine the barriers to the use of online channels by small business. Results - As a result of study 1, it is found that the small business who run the blogs have higher sales and visits than the small business who do not. However, there is no difference in the sales and the number of visiting customers between the stores that operate the online shopping malls and those that do not. Second, the higher the proportion of credit cards, the higher the sales and the number of visiting customers. In study 2, we analyzed the barriers to the expansion of online channels by in-depth interviews. Interviews show that barriers to access to online channels are limited by search neutrality, high commission burden, and low bargaining power. These problems are caused by the insufficiency of small business compared to online and mobile portal and O2O platform vendors. Conclusions - This study suggests that small business who have difficulty in establishing direct online channels need digital transformation of small business. In addition, when using such an external platform, we have identified the problems that small business face.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.125-131
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• 2023

OVO is a digital platform that provides simple payments and smart financial services, as well as one of the largest digital payment platforms in Indonesia. It has wide coverage and security when making payments, and supports multiple settlement currencies. The purpose of this study is to explore the history, business model, and future strategic direction of OVO, an Indonesian e-wallet. To date, OVO has built its own mobile payment ecosystem covering a wide range of consumer scenarios including e-commerce, travel, offline shopping and finance. And it supports mobile banking, online banking, debit cards or selected partner merchants. Its three largest transaction categories are in the transportation, retail and e-commerce sectors. With over 110 million consumers and 1.3 million merchant users, it is one of the dominant e-wallets in Indonesian market and has become the country's e-payment market leader. OVO eWallet's 'One Card' model offers convenience and choice for users, thus contributing to the rapid growth of OVO eWallet. And OVO eWallet competes fiercely with other competitors, but OVO eWallet continues to grow in terms of the number of users and market share. Finally, this study analyzes the strategic goals and plans of OVO eWallet, predicts its future direction. OVO eWallet has a huge success, but there are still competition and challenges to face.

• Management Science and Financial Engineering
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.1-20
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• 2002

This paper presents a model that analyzes the impact of uncertainties in demand and processing times on the production lead time of a Kanban system. We consider the waste associated with under-production as well as over-production when we measure the production lead time. We set up an optimization model to minimize the production lead time. A simple heuristic procedure is developed to determine solutions in terms of the size of containers and the number of Kanban cards. In addition, we numerically examine the behavior of the optimal Kanban system.

• 한국산업정보학회논문지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.69-76
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• 2004

최근 다중 응용 프로그램이 적재된 스마트카드는 여러 가지 장점들로 인해서 많은 관심을 끌고 있다. 일반 사용자들은 지갑에 가지고 다니는 다양한 기능을 가지고 있는 카드의 수를 줄이기를 원하고 있으며 카드 발행자는 카드의 발행 이 후 새로운 응용 프로그램을 추가하거나 기존의 응용 프로그램을 업그레이드시키기 위해서, 개발자들은 개발 기간 단축 가능성 등의 요구로 인해 다중 응용 프로그램을 지원하는 스마트카드의 사용이 활성화되고 있는 추세에 있다. 또한, 다중응용프로그램 스마트카드 서비스는 사업 파트너 상호간의 비즈니스 상승효과 측면에서 볼 때도 아주 많은 장점을 가지고 있는 실정이다. 최근에는 자바카드, MULTOS 와 같은 다중응용프로그램 스마트카드를 지원하기 위한 운영체제가 제안되었다. 본 논문에서는 스마트카드의 산업계 표준으로 자리잡아 가고 있는 자바카드를 중심으로 다중응용프로그램 스마트카드의 작동 원리를 연구하고 이와 관련된 여러 가지 보안 측면에서의 문제점을 파악한 뒤 키 관리 기법, 응용프로그램 다운로드 방안, 보안 해결 기법 등을 제안한다.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2015년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.275-277
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• 2015

본 연구는 명함 제작할 때 인쇄 기획사 컴퓨터에 명함신청 정보가 파일로 저장되어 있어 개인 정보 유출의 위험성이 항상 존재한다. 명함신청 파일에 들어가는 조직정보, 이름, 휴대폰번호, 이메일 주소 등의 정보는 암호화 되어 있지 않아 쉽게 접근이 가능하다. 이 연구에서는 명함신청의 프로세스를 자동화 하여 명함신청 파일에 들어가는 정보를 암호화 하고 명함 신청 프로세스를 간소화 하여 담당자의 업무를 최소화 하고 인쇄소와 직접적으로 연계하여 명함 인쇄 완료 후에 인쇄 파일을 자동으로 삭제하는 방법을 연구 한다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.43-56
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• 2016

The research aims to help merchant acquiring institutions gain a better insight on what merchant establishments in the Singapore market perceive of the costs they incur due to credit card acceptance. The research attempts to study the Singapore market and establish if increased credit card usage does increase costs for the merchant establishments that accept credit cards, this will help to acquire institutions in Singapore have a better understanding of merchant perceptions and what drives or deters credit card acceptance in the Singapore market. The survey was based on an interview of merchant establishments and the views of the merchants and was not based on their financial data. As a first step, the variables used in the survey were tested for interdependence using Chi-square tests; subsequently data reduction using factor analysis was performed and finally linear regression to establish a relation between dependent and independent variables. Merchant establishment believe accepting credit cards and increasing volume is costlier compared to another form of payment, but have mixed awareness about interchange fee. It also indicated that interchange fee and cardholder benefits are independent of the merchant establishments. The study only broadly attempts to gauge merchants view if increased credit card usage has increased costs for them.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.810-814
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• 2007

급속한 인터넷의 발달과 고속 인쇄기의 보급으로 누구나 손쉽게 문서를 원하는 형태로 제작 출력이 가능해 졌다. 하지만 명함이나 광고 전단지, 신문이나 잡지, 전화번호부 책자 및 무가지를 제작하기 위해서는 전용 편집용 소프트웨어를 이용하여 전문가들이 제작을 하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 가장 대표적인 광고도안인 명함을 인터넷을 이용하여 신청단계부터 PDF파일을 생성하는 단계까지 일련의 작업공정을 자동화시스템을 구축하기 위한 컴퓨터조판시스템의 모델을 제시한다. 어도비사의 인디자인을 웹사이트와 연계하여 웹페이지에서 신청을 받은 요청에 대하여 실시간으로 이미지파일을 생성하여, 주문자의 확인을 받아 결재시스템과 연계한 후 PDF파일을 제작하는 시스템을 제시한다.

• International Journal of Contents
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.30-38
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• 2012

Text extraction and binarization are the important pre-processing steps for text recognition. The performance of text binarization strongly related to the accuracy of recognition stage. In our proposed method, the first stage based on line detection and shape feature analysis applied to locate the position of a business card and detect the shape from the complex environment. In the second stage, several local regions contained the possible text components are separated based on the projection histogram. In each local region, the pixels grouped into several connected components based on the connected component labeling and projection histogram. Then, classify each connect component into text region and reject the non-text region based on the feature information analysis such as size of connected component and stroke width estimation.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.64-75
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• 2019

This study analyzed the clothing color preferences of elementary students and the colors of clothes actually worn at school in terms of hue and tone. The sample consisted of 385 students enrolled at a public elementary school in Seoul. In this study, 120 color cards were used to guide the hue and tone. Descriptive statistics and chi-square analysis were used to analyze the data. The results were as follows. First, the most preferred clothing colors were achromatic, purple blue, red, and blue, while the most preferred tones were vivid, and pale. Second, the largest percentage of top colors worn at school were achromatic and vivid tones, while the largest percentage of bottom colors at school were achromatic and dark tones. Third, elementary boys preferred vivid and strong tones, while girls preferred pale and vivid tones. Fourth, students at higher grades preferred deeper and darker tones compared with students in lower grades.

• 적정기술학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.172-187
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• 2021

In remote villages without access to modern IT technology, simple devices such as smartcards can be used to carry out business transactions. These devices typically store multiple business applications from multiple vendors. Although devices must prevent malicious or accidental security breaches among the applications, a secure communication channel between two applications from different vendors is often required. In this paper, first, we propose a method of establishing secure communication channels between applications in embedded operating systems that run on multi-applet smart cards. Second, we enforce the high assurance using an intransitive noninterference security policy. Thirdly, we formalize the method through the Z language and create the formal specification of the proposed secure system. Finally, we verify its correctness using Rushby's unwinding theorem.