• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.11
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• pp.167-171
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• 1969

Gartic bulblets were planted to investigate the effect of some different cultivating conditions on the growth and bulb formation of the garlic plants (Allium sativum L.) Two different conditions namely perfect and imperect aerobic condition, and 3 different fertilizer levels was made. The split plot design was adopted for this experiment. 1) For the growth rate, under the imperfect aerobic condition, the plant height was more increased than that of perfect aerobic condition no relation to the fertilizer levels. 2) With respect to the fresh weight of garlic, the similar tendency to the growth rate was observed, but dry weight was did not. 3) The uptake of phosphorus was found to be increased in the imperfect condition. It could there be concluded that imperfect aerobic condition seems to be much favorable condition than the perfect aerobic condition to the development of garlic bulbs.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.347-352
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• 1993

Six early third-stage larvae of Gnnthostoma nipponicum were recovered from the muscle of 376 loaches, Misgurnw anguiILicnudatus, imported from China. They were 614 × 114㎛ in average size, almost colorless except brownish intestine, and encircled by about 229 transverse rows of minute cuticular spines. Their head bulbs provided with 3 rows of hooklets, of which average number were 34.5 on the first, 36.7 on the second and 39.7 on the third. According1y, it is revealed that the Chinese loach is a natural second intermediate host of G. nipponicum and G. nipponicum has been distributed somewhere in China. This parasite may infect human when the imported loaches are consumed raw.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.277-280
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• 1994

This study was conducted to obtain some basic information needed for the propagational system of high quality garlic trough the culture of healthy tissues. non shoot-tips of bulbil obtained in mid May were cultured on MS medium containing 8% sucrose supplemented with 0.1 mg/L NAA, in vitro bulbli were formed, but the shoots were formed at the early to middle in June. Multiple shoots were induced by the culture of receptacles on MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/L NAA and 10mg/L BA..Among the flower bud, bulbil and receptacle, receptacle showed most suitable in terms of shoot formation efficiency, More than 50 shoots per single involucre were produced under the optimum condition. Results indicate that in vitro culture of involucre has a high potential for the micropropagation of high quality seed bulbs.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.82-92
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• 2012

There are several kinds of tungsten carbide(WC) such as light bulbs, metal cutting tools, drill bits, mining tools, military ordinance, high speed tool steels, chemicals/catalysts, wear resistance parts, jet engine turbine blades, etc.. These days it has been widely studied for the recycling technologies of the used tungsten carbide(WC) from view points of economy and efficiency. In this paper, open/registered patents of US, JP, EP, and KR and SCI Journal related to recycling technologies of the used Tungsten Carbide(WC) between 1969-2011 were reviewed. Patents and papers were collected using key-words searching and filtered by filtering criteria. The trends of the patents and papers was analyzed by the years, countries, companies, and technologies.

• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.208-213
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• 2009

Since International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV) was established in 1968, the number of joined nations is getting increasing and the regime for variety protection was intensified. Korea joined as the 50th member nation in UPOV. A lot of floricultural plants including rose and chrysanthemum from foreign countries have been applied and registered by Korea Seed and Variety Service (KOSID). Since Korea is one of the importing countries in cut flowers and bulbs, paying royalty is a big burden. Now we are to identify the policy on handling of a mutant from essentially derived varieties (EDV) and relation of a finder (or grower) and breeder by different companies in each country. As a result, the rights are provided not to a finder but to a breeder (breeding company) in most industries. Second, grower's rights are recognized, but in case of the mutant is commercialized, a grower and a breeder should come to a mutual agreement. Third, there is a kind of compensation system for the finder of the mutant.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.689-696
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• 2010

Bulbous bow is one of the important design factors on the design of fore-body hull form. Using the interference technique of ship waves, the bulbous bow can decrease the wave resistance of ship. Recently, the goose neck bulb is applied mainly for high speed vessels like passenger ships and ferries etc.. Also, the goose neck bulb is applied for relatively high speed merchant vessels like container ships and LNG carriers. However, existing research papers about the goose neck bulb are not enough as reference data for the design of bow hull form. In this study, numerical calculations are carried out to investigate the bow wave characteristics of a high speed ferry with a normal high nose bulb or a goose neck bulb. By comparing the pressure distributions on the hull surface and the wave systems near the bow, the features of wave resistance reduction are discussed. Also, Numerical calculations were carried out for a series of goose neck bulbs to figure out the optimum bulb size. The maximum reduction rate of pressure resistance for the fore-body is achievable up to 8% by adopting the goose neck bulb in the present calculation.

• ALGAE
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.71-90
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• 2019

A new encrusting red alga was found growing abundantly on glass debris items that drifted ashore along the coasts of Oregon and Washington. These included discarded fluorescent tubes, incandescent light bulbs, capped liquor bottles, and ball-shaped fishing-net floats. Field collections and unialgal cultures of the alga revealed that it consisted of two morphological phases: a young loosely aggregated turf and a mature consolidated mucilaginous crust. The turf phase consisted of a basal layer of globose cells that produced erect, rarely branched, uniseriate to multiseriate filaments up to $500{\mu}m$ long with closely spaced cells lacking pit-plugs. These filaments expanded in size from their bases to their tips and released single cells as spores. At maturity, a second phase of growth occurred that produced a consolidated crust, up to $370{\mu}m$ thick. It consisted of a basal layer of small, tightly appressed ellipsoidal-to-elongate cells that generated a mucilaginous perithallial matrix containing a second type of filament with irregularly spaced cells often undergoing binary division. At the matrix surface, the original filaments continued to grow and release spores but often also eroded. Individual cells, examined using confocal microscopy and SYBR Green staining, were found to contain a central nucleus, a single highly lobed peripheral chloroplast without a pyrenoid, and numerous chloroplast nucleoids. Morphological data from field and culture isolates and molecular data (rbcL, psbA, and SSU) show that this alga is a new genus and species which we name Viator vitreocola, "a traveller on glass."

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.533-540
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• 2022

Thunberg fritillary (Fritillaria thunbergii), a perennial used in traditional Chinese herbal medicine, is a members of the family Liliaceae. The degeneration of germplasm is a severe problem in the production of Fritillaria thunbergii var. chekiangensis. However, no information about viral infections of F. thunbergii var. chekiangensis has been reported. In this study, we sequenced the small RNAs of F. thunbergii var. chekiangensis from leaves and bulbs, and viruses were identified using a phylogenetic analysis and BLAST search for sequence. In addition, multiplex reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to rapidly detect viruses in this variety. Our study first reported that five viruses infected F. thunbergii var. chekiangensis. Among them, fritillary virus Y (FVY), lily mottle virus (LMoV), Thunberg fritillary mosaic virus (TFMV), and hop yellow virus (HYV) had been reported in F. thunbergii, while apple stem grooving virus was first reported in the genus Fritillaria. A multiplex RT-PCR method was developed to rapidly test the four viruses FVY, LMoV, TFMV, and HYV in F. thunbergii var. chekiangensis. Our results provide a better understanding of the infection of F. thunbergii var. chekiangensis by viruses and a basic reference for the better design of suitable control measures.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.65-73
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• 2009

Large scale model tests and numerical analyses are performed to investigate the stress distribution of pillar due to surface loading nearby two-arch tunnel which is constructed in the regularly jointed rocks. It is observed that the influence of discontinuities on the stress distribution in the discontinuous rock mass and the underground stresses induced by surface loading are greater than those of linear elastic theory. Especially, lines of equal stresses are developed to the direction of inclination according to the inclined grade. In cases of discontinuities imbedded in parallel with or vertical to the ground, the pressure bulbs are formed symmetrically, however, the inclined ones result in stress distribution in parallel with and vertical to the planes of discontinuities. Results indicated that stress distribution is seriously affected by the angle of discontinuity. When stresses propagating to the pillar need to be estimated, relative location of surface loading, grade of discontinuous plane, and location of two-arch tunnel should be carefully considered.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.200-203
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• 2023

Climate change has occurred frequently, and it lead to a severe decrease in marketability and productivity. Onion has various functional elements related to antioxidant, antibacterial, anticancer and immune enhancement, the productivity is closely affected by climate conditions. In this study, to environmentally-friendly produce onions even though drought condition, effect of Bacillus aryabhattai H19-1 on the yield, marketability, and functional component of onions was evaluated in a field. When strain H19-1 was drenched, onion production and marketability significantly increased, and the contents of ascorbic acid and carotenoid of harvested onion bulbs also increased. Therefore, B. aryabhattai H19-1 is expected to be effective in enhancing onion productivity by mitigating drought stress.