• Title/Summary/Keyword: browning reaction substrates

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Antioxidant Activity of Amino Acid-Xylose Browning Reaction Products 2. Isolation of Antioxigenic Substrates from Browning Reaction Products by TLC and Dialysis (Amino 산-Xylose 갈변반응 물질의 항산화성 2. TLC와 투석을 이용한 항산화성 갈변물질의 분리)

  • YOU Byeong-Jin;LEE Kang-HO;LEE Jong-Ho
    • Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • v.19 no.3
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    • pp.212-218
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    • 1986
  • In order to isolate antioxigenic substrates, the browning reaction products of xylose and various amino acids were analysed by TLC and dialysis. Rf values of browning reaction products of xylose and hydrophobic amino acids separated on silica gel TLC plate were shown in the range of 0.38 to 0.56 and that of basic amino acids was around 0.2. Browning reaction products made from xylose and Trp were separated on TLC into four bands with Rf values of 0.25, 0.55, 0.81 and 0.91 respectively. Among these the bands with Rf values of 0.25 and 0.55 appeared having strong antioxidant activity. The band of Rf 0.55 which showed the highest activity was positive to Prochazka reagent and had an absorption maximum at 275 nm. In dialysis of the xylose-Trp browning reaction products, the undialysed fraction (inner solution) was repsponsible to the antioxidant activity, which was separated into two bands with Rf values of 0.25 and 0.55 on TLC. The inner fractions of the browning products of xylose and His or Arg were also apparent in antioxdant activity.

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Effects of Amino Acids and SLlgars on the Maillard Brou'nine Reactions during Extraction and Concentration of Red Ginseng (홍삼추출물 및 농축물의 마이야르 갈색화반응 촉진에 미치는 아미노산 및 당의 영향)

  • 이광승;최강주
    • Journal of Ginseng Research
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    • v.14 no.2
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    • pp.117-121
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    • 1990
  • Browning intensity is a major factor to estimate the quality of red ginseng or red ginseng products. The Maillard type of browning reaction proceeds nonenzymatically during extraction and concentration of red ginseng. The present studies were carried out to investigate the effects of amino acids and sugars on the browning reaction during extraction and concentration of red ginseng. Red ginseng was pulverized to 115 mesh and then tenfold (v/w) of water was added to the powder to make the substrate of red ginseng. Solution (0.1 M) of fourteen amino acids and of folly silgars were added to the substrates of red ginseng powder and these were then extracted and concentrated to examine their browning intensities. Amino acids were more effective than sligars in acrelerating the browning reaction. Acceleration of the browning reaction in the concentrate was in the order of arginine> histidine>glycine>alanine>lysine phenyl alanine>aspartic acid>lelicine>threonine>gllitamic acid>tyrosine>valine>istleucine>methionine for amino acids, and was glucose>frlictose >silcrose, maltose for sugars.

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Antioxidant Activity of Methylene Chloride Extracts Obtained from Glucose-Ammonia (1M+8M) Browning Mixtures (Glucose-Ammonia (1M+8M) 갈색화(褐色化) 반응액(反應液)에서 얻어진 Methylene Chloride 추출물(抽出物)의 항산화(抗酸化) 효과(?果))

  • Paik, Hyang-Deok;Kim, Dong-Hoon
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.11 no.2
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    • pp.93-98
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    • 1979
  • An attempt was made to investigate the antioxidant activity of methylene chloride extracts of a glucose-ammonia browning reaction mixture, which contain pyrazines, important intermediate prod ucts of Maillard-type browning reactions. Methylene chloride extracts were obtained from a glucose-ammonia(1M+8M) browning reaction mixture, which had been heated at $100^{\circ}C$. for 4 hours. The molar ratio of the reactants and the reaction time were reported to be the optimum ratio and time for the maximum formation of pyrazines. The methylene chloride extracts and furfural (for comparison purpose) were added to edible rapeseed oil substrates, and the resulting substrates and the control were stored at $37.0{\pm}1.0^{\circ}C$. Peroxide values (POV), thiobarbituric acid values (TBA-values) and acid values (AV) of the substrates and the control were determined regularly during a 34-day storage period. The antioxidant activity of the methylene chloride extracts and furfural was estimated on the basis of POV, TBA-value and AV-development of the substrates and the control. It was found that the methylene chloride extracts of the glucose-ammonia (1M+8M) browning mixture possessed considerable antioxidant activity. Furfural also showed some activity.

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Dynamic Changes in Browning Reaction Substrates of Polygonatum odoratum Roots during Roasting (둥글레의 볶음처리에 따른 갈변반응 기질의 동적변화)

  • 권중호;류기철;이기동
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.26 no.4
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    • pp.654-661
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    • 1997
  • Response surface methodology was applied to monitor dynamic changes in free sugars and free amino acids associated with browning reaction during roasting of Polygonatum odoratum roots. Second-order model for qualities of water- soluble extracts was employed to generate contour maps and response surfaces. Browning color intensity of water-soluble extracts was increased with the roasting time up to around 14$0^{\circ}C$, but decreased in increasing temperature above L6O"C. Free sugars, mainly composed of sucrose and fructose, were remarkably decreased at roasting under the higher temperature and longer time, while glucose linearly increased with the increase of roasting temperature up to 15$0^{\circ}C$. Most of free amino acids was decreased in their amounts in Proportion to the roasting temperature and time, while threonine and lysine were insignificantly increased under the roasting conditions at above 17$0^{\circ}C$ and 60min.0min.

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Monitoring of Dynamic Changes in Maillard Reaction Substrates by Response Surface Methodology (반응표면분석에 의한 Maillard 반응기질의 동적변화 모니터링)

  • Lee, Gee-Dong;Kim, Jeong-Sook;Kwon, Joong-Ho
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.28 no.2
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    • pp.212-219
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    • 1996
  • Four-dimensional response surface methodology was used for monitoring dynamic changes in substrates during Maillard reaction. The coefficients of determination ($R^2$) of response surface regression equations for the changes in amino acids during Maillard reaction were 0.9478 for total amino acids and above 0.90 for each amino acid. $R^2$ of regression equations for the changes in sugars during Maillard reaction were 0.9250 for glucose and 0.6490 for fructose. The contents of total amino acids gradually decreased with increasing reaction temperature and pH of the solvent. Browning color intensity increased with rising reaction temperature, showing maximum color intensity at around $145^{\circ}C$. Each amino acid showed a decreasing tendency in its contents, which was similarly found in total amino acids. Four-dimensional response surface methodology indicated that the increased temperature during Maillard reaction was the most influential factor in decreasing substrates, such as aspartic acid, threonine and glucose. While the reaction time and pH of solvent little affected the changes in the above-mentioned substrates during Maillard reaction.

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Comparison of the Antioxidant Effects of Ethyl Alcohol Extracts of a Maillard-type and a Caramelization-type Browning Reaction Mixtures (Maillard 형(形) 및 Caramelization 형(形) 갈색화(褐色化) 반응물(反應物)에서 얻어진 알콜 추출물(抽出物)들의 항산화(抗酸化) 효과(效果)의 비교(比較))

  • Lee, Dong-Ill;Heo, Tae-Ryeon;Kim, Dong-Hoon
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.7 no.1
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    • pp.43-50
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    • 1975
  • The antioxidant effects of the alcohol extracts obtained from a Maillard-type and a caramelization-type browning reaction mixtures were determined and compared. The Maillard-type reaction mixtrue contained 0. 2 M glucose and 0. 2 M glycine while the caramelization-type reaction mixture contained only 0. 2 M glucose and both were heated at $100^{\circ}C$. The results obtained are as follows. 1. The color intensity of the Maillard-type reaction mixture appeared to increase in proportion to the length of reaction time. However, the antioxidant activity of the extracts did not seem to increase in proportion to the length of reaction time. The antioxidant activity of the extracts from the reaction mixture heated for 16 hours was not much greater than that of the extracts from reaction mixture heated for 2 hours. 2. The color intensity of the caramelization-type browning reaction appeared to increase in proportion to the length of reaction time. The antioxdant activity of the extracts did not seem to increase in proportion to the length of reaction time. 3. It appeared that the antioxdant effects of the alcohol extracts from the Maillard-type browning reaction mixture were far greater than those from the caramelization-type browning reaction mixture, compared on the basis of the same length of reaction time. Substrates, containing the alcohol extracts of the caramelization reaction mixture taken after 4 and 120 hours, developed peroxide values of 88. 9 and 33. 0 after a 20 day storage period (control, 135. 0) whereas substrates, containing the alcohol extracts of the Maillard-type reaction mixture taken after 1 and 16 hours, developed peroxide value of 9. 5 and 7. 5 after the same storage period.

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Comparison of the Antioxidant Activity of Absolute Ethanol Extracts and 90% Ethanol Extracts obtained at Successive Stages of a Maillard-type Browning Reaction Mixture (Maillard 형(型) 갈색화(褐色化) 반응액(反應液)에서 얻어진 Absolute Ethyl Alcohol 과 90% Ethyl Alcohol 추출물(抽出物)의 항산화효과(抗酸化效果)의 비교(比較))

  • Lee, Sung-Soo;Rhee, Chul;Kim, Dong-Hoon
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.7 no.1
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    • pp.37-42
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    • 1975
  • The color intensity (Absorbance at 490nm) and the antioxidant effects of absolute and 90% ethanol extracts obtained from a Maillard-type browning reaction mixture (0. 5M glucose and 0. 5M glycine mixture, heated at $100^{\circ}C$) were determined. The color intensity of the absolute and 90% ethanol extracts were compared with the length of reaction time and the antioxidant effects of the extracts of both types were compared one another. The results obtained are as follows. 1. The color intensity of the absolute ethanol extracts remained almost unchanged as the browning reaction proceeded. The color intensity of the 90% ethanol extracts appeared to increase nearly in proportion to the length of reaction time. 2. The absolute and the 90% ethanol extracts seemed to possess significant antioxidant activity on the autoxidation of an edible soybean oil. which was kept at $45{\pm}0.5^{\circ}C$ for 21 days. It was noteworthy that the absolute ethanol extracts showed stronger antioxidant effects than those of the 90% ethanol extracts, which contained a far greater amount of brown-colored pigments. Since the PVs of the controls in both groups, after the end of the storage period, did not differ much from one another, the possibility of residual water playing some prooxidant role in the substrates containing the 90% ethanol extracts should be ruled out. Extracts of both types obtained at earlier stages of the brownig reaction demonstrated less but comparable antioxidant activity to that of extracts taken at later stages of the reaction. 3. The results of the present study appeared to suggest that the effective antioxidant compounds, produced in the Maillard-type browning reaction, were probably intermediate products such as reductones formed at fairly earlier stages of the browning reaction.

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Browning and Its Inhibition in Fermentation of Rice-grape Wine (쌀.포도 혼합 발효주의 갈변특성 및 갈변저해방법)

  • Koo, Ha-Na;Yook, Cheol;Kim, Jae-Sik
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.38 no.4
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    • pp.554-561
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    • 2006
  • The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of browning inhibitors during fermentation and storage of rice-grape wine. Bentonite, polyvinylopolypyrrolidone (PVPP), and potassium metabisulfite were added to rice-grape wine during fermentation and storage in order to find an effective method of inhibiting browning. Total phenolics content, pH, amino acidity, hydroxymethylfurfural content, and absorbance at 420 nm were measured during storage to assess the effects of the different browning substrates. Potassium metabisulfite was the most effective browning inhibitior. Sensory evaluation also showed that rice-grape wine treated with potassium metabisulfite was highly Preferable in terms of color, taste, flavor, and overall quality.

Antioxidant Activity of Various Solvent Extracts Obtained from A Maillard-type Browning Reaction Mixture (각종용매(各種溶媒)로부터 추출(抽出)한 Maillard형(型) 갈색화반응(褐色化反應) 생성물(生成物)의 산화억제작용(酸化抑制作用))

  • Won, Jong-Tai;Kim, Dong-Hoon
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.12 no.4
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    • pp.235-241
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    • 1980
  • Equal portions of a Maillard-type browning mixture (0.2 M glucose+0.2 M glycine), heated at $100^{\circ}C$ for 12 hr, were extracted with the same amounts of eight solvents, respectively. The extracts were then dissolved in equal amounts of an edible soybean oil, and the resulting substrates and a portion of the soybean oil (Control) were stored in an incubator kept at $45.0{\pm}1.0^{\circ}C$ for three weeks. Peroxide values and TBA values of Control and the substrates were determined regularly during the storage period. The POVs of Control and the substrates containing acetone, benzene, chloroform, ethanol, diethyl ether, methanol, methylene chloride, and petroleum ether extracts after 12 days of storage were respectively $60.0{\pm}3.6$, $31.9{\pm}0.9$, $37.6{\pm}2.2$, $48.1{\pm}1.1$, $11.9{\pm}1.3$, $4.85{\pm}0.4$, $11.5{\pm}1.0$, $45.3{\pm}0.3$, and $43.3{\pm}4.2\;m.\;mole/kg\;oil$. The TBA values after 16 days of storage were respectively $0.28{\pm}0.02$, $0.20{\pm}0.01$, $0.21{\pm}0.01$, $0.26{\pm}0.03$, $0.16{\pm}0.02$, $0.28{\pm}0.02$, $0.17{\pm}0.01$, $0.33{\pm}0.05$, and $0.31{\pm}0.02$. The induction periods (arbitrarily taken as the time in hours for a substrate to reach a peroxide value of 30 m. mole/kg oil) of Control and the substrates were respectively 193, 280, 252, 220, 478, 229, 455, 217, and 214 hr. The antioxidant activity of each extract estimated on the basis of the length of the induction periods was, in decreasing order, as follows; ethanol>methanol>acetone>benzene>diethyl ether>chloroform, pertroleum ether, methylene chloride.

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Antioxidant activity of fractionated materials by Sephadex G-15 of Caramelization type browning reaction products of Glucose (Glucose의 Caramel형 갈색화반응 중간생성물의 Sephadex G-15에 의한 분별물의 항산화성)

  • 이진영;안명수
    • Korean journal of food and cookery science
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    • v.3 no.1
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    • pp.78-85
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    • 1987
  • 2M D-glucose and 2M D-glucose with 0.4M citric acid were heated at $100^{\circ}C$ for 12, 24, 48hours. The color intensity of these browning reaction products and the fractionated materials by Sephadex G-15 were measured as absorbance at 490nm with a spectrophotometer. The control (soybean oil) and the soybean oil substrates containing equal amounts of ethanol extracts taken from each fraction group were stored at $40.0\pm$1.0^{\circ}C$$ in an incubator for 30 days Antioxidant activities of browning reaction products determined by peroxide value and TBA value the soybean oil. The results were as follows. 1. According to increase heating time and to add citric acid, color intensity was increased. Color intensity of Fraction II(fraction 10~18 high molecular weight) was higher than other fraction group, especially Fraction II of sample F (glucose with citric acid, heated at $100^{\circ}C$ for 48hours) was the highest. 2. All of the fractionated material was showed antioxidant effect but Fraction I (high molecular weight) was more oxidized than the control Fraction IV, V (fraction 28~45; low molecular weight) was showed the highest antioxidant effect.

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