• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.271-281
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• 2018

To examine the feasibility of reuse of raw fishmeal wastewater, it was biodegraded by a microbial consortium in a $1-m^3$ reactor, and the final culture broth including mixed microbes was applied as biofertilizer to field cultivation of lettuce and Chinese cabbage. Moreover, economic analysis of the entire process was performed. A stable metabolism of organic matter degradation for 80 h with sufficient dissolved oxygen produced an amino acid content of 14.66 g per 100 g sample, along with increased cation and anion concentrations. The concentrations of N, P and K in the final culture broth were 2.26, 0.87 and 0.65%, respectively, while those of heavy metals were very low. In field cultivation of the two leafy vegetables, the biodegraded fishmeal wastewater showed better fertilizing ability than commercial fertilizers because of its high amino acid content. In addition, no external damage to leaves by the fertilization was observed. In economic analysis, the expected profitability from the practical reuse of raw fishmeal wastewater was estimated to be $491.68 per a single biodegradation, which corresponds to $25,567.36 per year. As a result, the complete reuse of fishmeal wastewater could be feasible and provide essential benefits.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.181-187
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• 1999

We have investigated industrial media for lactic acid fermentation to reduce the cost of nitrogen sources. Corn steep liquor (CSL) was successfully used at 5% (v/v) in batch fermentations. Use of soluble CSL improved the productivity about 20% with an advantage of clearer fermentation broth. Yeast extract-complemented CSL improved the productivity about 20% with an advantage of clearer fermentation broth. Yeast extract-complemented CSL media further increased the increased the productivity. It was found that 3.1 g/L yeast extract and 5% CSL could be an effective substitute for 15 g/L yeast extract in 10% glucose medium. Brewing yeast was also used as a sole nitrogen source equivalent to 5% CSL. A continuous culture coupled with cell-recycle by microfiltration at the dilution rate of 0.05-0.065 h-1 led to the highest lactic acid productivity. Lactic acid was recovered by electrodialysis from the cell free broth. Depleted cell free broth supplemented with 5-10 g/L of yeast extract performed reasonably in batch and continuous cultures. Reuse of the fermentation broth may reduce the cost of raw materials as well as minimize the fermentation wastes.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.25 no.9
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• pp.1072-1079
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• 2015

The lees of Korean traditional wine called as Jubak or Sul-jigemi in Korea is byproduct from alcohol fermentation industry, which is remnant of fermentation broth after filtration, centrifugation, distillation, or sedimentation during aging. Since, Korean traditional wines are produced from edible plant sources such as rice, foxtail millet, fruits and medicinal herbs with nuruk (a traditional fermentation starter and starch degrader), the Jubak from rice wine (takju), medicinal herb wine (yakju) and fruits wine are considered as safe byproduct and have various useful bioactivity. Considering the recent rapid increased production of Jubak from takju industry, and the reinforcement of dispose of Jubak as waste material in worldwide, the development of efficient reuse process for Jubak is necessary in traditional wine industry. In this review, the status of current industry, research and patent trends in relation with Jubak production, treatment, utilization and renewal was analyzed and different bioactive compounds including phenolic acids from Jubak were provided. Jubak is not any more waste material, and is the source of bioactive functional materials for food, cosmetics and medicinal industry. To develop the efficient and economic renewal technology including recovery process for bioactive substances from Jubak, systematic collaboration and research among the industry, academy and government is necessary.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.225-230
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• 2018

This study was conducted to reuse spent mushroom substrates (SMS) of Pleurotus ostreatus and improve their nitrogen content by bacterial treatment. Two kinds of bacteria were used to investigate the increase in total nitrogen (T-N) content. Bacillus sp. (GM20-4) was isolated from SMS of oyster mushroom, and Rhodobacter sphaeroides (RS) was obtained from Gwangju Si Agricultural Technology Center. SMS samples were collected from three oyster mushroom cultivation farms located in Gyeonggi-do province, Korea. When dried SMS was inoculated with 30% culture broth of GM20-4 and RS and incubated at room temperature ($25{\pm}2^{\circ}C$) for 5 days, T-N content increased. To investigate the T-N content of other SMS, three dried SMS samples (A, B, and C) were treated by the same method using GM20-4 and RS. As a result, the T-N content of sample B was 20% higher than that of the control, whereas the T-N content of samples A and C increased to 17% and 12%, respectively. The change in T-N content by bacterial treatment of wet SMS was slightly higher than that of the control. The changes in amino acid content were also found to be higher than those in the control in all SMS samples by GM20-4 and RS treatment. Aspartic acid and glutamic acid contents were the highest among all amino acid compositions. Especially, the aspartic and glutamic acid contents of sample B increased by 2.9 folds higher than the control.