• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.24 no.8
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• pp.824-829
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• 1991

We have experienced a case of 42-year-old woman with congenital broncho-esophageal fistula. The patient had productive coughing since childhood. A barium-swallowing examination showed a lower esophageal diverticulum communicating via a fistula with posterior basal segment of right lower lobe. Bronchography showed bronchiectasis in right middle and lower lobes. At thoracotomy resection of the diverticulum, bronchoesophageal fistula, and right middle and lower lobe of lung were performed. The postoperative course was uneventful.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.151-154
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• 1989

We have experienced a case of intralobar pulmonary sequestration communicating with the esophagus. A 24 year old female patient was admitted of chronic cough related to food, purrlent sputum and left lower chest pain. Esophagography and bronchography revealed bronchoesophageal fistula and bronchiectasis with cystic lesion of the left lower lobe. There was multiple anomalous feeding vessels arinig from the intercostal arteries and no draining systemic vein on aortography. division of the bronchoesophageal fistula and left lower lobectomy was performed. Communication with the esophagus in rarely associated with intralobar pulmonary sequestration and esophagogram is useful method of diagnosis for this communication.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.9-12
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• 1975

Four patients with postpneumonectomy empyema were treated successfully by modification of Clagett`procedure. Their primary diseases were chronic bronchiectasis, empyema with bronchopleural fisula, pulmonary tuberculosis, and pyohemothorax. The time interval between 1st and 2nd operation was 26.5 months in average. The pleural space was irrigated with various kinds of antiseptic solutions for 23.3 days in average and debrided, filled with antibiotic saline solution. After the procedure, patients had no recurrences of empyema and discharged from hospital after brief days. (averages: 15.5 days)

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.370-374
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• 1995

Carcinoid-type tumorlets of the lung are nodular microscopic proliferation of round and spindle-shaped small cells which originated from bronchial or bronchiolar Kulchitsky-type neuroendocrine cells, which are usually encountered as an incidental finding during microscopic examination of the lungs at autopsy or surgically removed for bronchiectasis or other reasons. We report one case of carcinoid-type tumorlets in the lung which was surgically removed from a patient who had bronchiectasis, and the cells of tumorlets showed immunohistochemical reactivities for markers of epithelial and neuroendocrine differentiation.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.69 no.3
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• pp.201-206
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• 2010

Nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) diseases are increasing worldwide. However NTM lung disease in organ transplant recipients has been rarely reported. Here, we report 2 cases of NTM lung disease in heart transplant recipients. A 37-year-old man, who had undergone a heart transplant one year previous, was admitted to hospital due to a cough. Chest CT scan showed multiple centrilobular nodules in both lower lungs. In his sputum, M. abscessus was repeatedly identified by rpoB gene analysis. The patient improved after treatment with clarithromycin, imipenem, and amikacin. An additional patient, a 53-year-old woman who had undergone a heart transplant 4 years prior and who suffered from bronchiectasis, was admitted because of purulent sputum. The patient's chest CT scan revealed aggravated bronchiectasis; M. intracellulare was isolated repeatedly in her sputum. Treatment was successfully completed with clarithromycin, ethambutol, and ciprofloxacin. NTM lung disease should be considered as a potential opportunistic infection in organ transplant recipients.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.65 no.6
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• pp.546-549
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• 2008

Bronchial artery aneurysm (BAA) is a rare entity that requires early diagnosis and immediate treatment due to the possibility of a life-threatening massive hemorrhage through rupture. The standard treatment is a surgical resection of the aneurismal artery. However, various embolization techniques, including coil embolization, are currently used as the optimal treatment because they are less invasive. A 65-year-old woman was referred for the treatment of intermittent hemoptysis. A chest CT scan showed an approximately 2 cm sized vascular mass with strong contrast enhancement originating from the right bronchial artery on the bronchiectatic parenchyma. On the angiogram, the inferior portion of the bronchial artery with a hypertrophic aspect and a huge bronchial artery aneurysm was detected on the left side branch. The bronchial artery aneurysm was embolized successfully with coils at the proximal and distal portion of the aneurysm. After coil embolization, the selective bronchial angiogram confirmed complete occlusion. We report this case of a bronchial artery aneurysm that was treated successfully with coil embolization.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.58 no.5
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• pp.190-193
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• 2015

Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is a hypersensitivity lung disease due to bronchial colonization of Aspergillus fumigatus that occurs in susceptible patients with asthma or cystic fibrosis. A 10-year-old girl was referred to the Department of Pediatric Pulmonology for persistent consolidations on chest radiography. Pulmonary consolidations were observed in the right upper and left lower lobes and were not resolved with a 4-week prescription of broad-spectrum antibiotics. The patient had a history of atopic dermatitis and allergic rhinitis but no history of asthma. She had no fever but produced thick and greenish sputum. Her breathing sounds were clear. On laboratory testing, her total blood eosinophil count was $1,412/mm^3$ and total serum IgE level was 2,200 kU/L. Aspergillus was isolated in the sputum culture. The A. fumigatus-specific IgE level was 15.4 kU/L, and the Aspergillus antibody test was also positive. A chest computed tomography scan demonstrated bronchial wall thickening and consolidation without bronchiectasis. An antifungal agent was added but resulted in no improvement of pulmonary consolidations after 3 weeks. Pulmonary function test was normal. Methacholine provocation test was performed, revealing bronchial hyperreactivity ($PC_{20}=5.31mg/mL$). Although the patient had no history of asthma or bronchiectasis, ABPA-seropositivity was suspected. Oral prednisolone (1 mg/kg/day) combined with antifungal therapy was started. Pulmonary consolidations began decreasing after 1 week of treatment and completely resolved after 1 month. This is the first observed and treated case of seropositive ABPA in Korean children without previously documented asthma.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.27 no.12
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• pp.1015-1022
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• 1994

Over the past few years, video-assisted thoracic surgery [VATS] has been used increasingly for intrathoracic pathologic problems as a less invasive operative techniques. Today it is viewed as a sparing and safe alternative to thoracotomy for a wide spectrum of indications. Using video-assisted operative thoracoscopy, we performed consecutive 150 operations on 148 patients during the initial 2 years of our experience from July 1992 with the following indications: pneumothorax [n=53], hyperhidrosis [n=29], mediastinal mass [n=23], pleural disease [n=13], diffuse parenchymal or interstitial lung disease [n=12], benign pulmonary nodule [n=7], metastatic lung mass [n=3], primary lung cancer [n=3], bronchiectasis [n=2], malignant pericardial effusion [n=2], endobronchial tuberculosis [n=1], esophageal achalasia [n=1], and pulmonary parenchymal foreign body [n=1]. There were no death, and overall complicaton rate was 24.0%[n=36]. The most prevalent complication was persistent air leakage [longer than 5 days] in 14 cases [9.3%]. Persistent pleural effusion [longer than 5 days] occurred in 6 cases [4.0%]. Six patients were converted to an open thoracotomy because of inability to control the operative bleeding [n=3], failed adhesiolysis in bronchiectasis [n=2], and radical excision of an lung cancer [n=1]. Pneumothorax recurred in 3 cases[2.0%]. Other complications were Horner`s syndrome, diaphragm tears, temporary phrenic nerve palsy, hoarseness, subsegmental atelectasis, transient respiratory difficulty, and esophageal mucosal tear. The advantages of this minimally traumatizing operative technique lie in improved visualization, decreased pain, shortened hospital stay, and less postoperative morbidity. The indications of VATS has been extended increasingly to intrathoracic pathologies, but its role in the managements of primary lung cancer and esophageal disease remains to be defined.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.663-669
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• 1994

Kartagener's sydrome is an autosomaly inherited recessive condition characterized by situs inversus, bronchiectasis, and chronic sinusitis. And recently it was recognized as a subclass of dyskinetic cilia syndrome which caused by a defect in mucociliary transport owing to immotile or dyskinetic beating of cilia. Electron microsopy of cilia from sperm tails, nasal and bronchial epithelium of patients reveals the partial or complete absence of dynein arms. Our four patients were diagnosed as a Kartagener's syndrome by classic triad. We carried out electron microscopy of cilia of the nasal mucosa. And many other tests were done. One patient had squamous cell carcinoma of the lung, and another one patient revealed features of adult respiratory distress syndrome at admission. All patients improved with conservative therapy such as physiotherapy, bronchodilater, antibiotics except one patient who mechanical ventilation was required. A brief review of literature was made.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.792-795
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• 2009

Pulmonary sequestration is a relatively rare malformation. Infection with common pyogenes is a frequent complication in this disease. We report here on a case of intralobar sequestration that was infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the absence of any other site of tuberculous infection. A 40-year man presented with a small amount of hemoptysis, and the man had been previously diagnosed with bronchiectasis 3 years ago. Chest computerized tomography revealed bronchiectasis with pneumonia in the left lower lobe and there was a large feeding artery from the thoracic aorta. A lobectomy of the left lower lobe was conducted via thoracotomy and the final pathologic examination confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis limited to the intralobar sequestrated lung. The patient underwent anti-tuberculous chemotherapy from the postoperative $7^{th}$ day and he was discharged without any adverse event.