• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.139-144
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• 1984

식도(食道)와 연결(聯結)되고 기관지점막(氣管枝粘膜)으로 내면(內面)이 덮여있는 foregut낭종(囊腫) 일례(一例)를 증례보고(症例報告)하고 그 이상생성(異常生成)의 발생학적(發生學的) 근거(根據)를 고찰(考察)하였다. 실제(實際)로 연결부위(聯結部位)와 그 구성물질(構成物質) 및 세포(細胞)만으로 호흡기낭종(呼吸器囊腫)인지 장관성낭종(腸管性囊腫)인지 확연(確然)히 구분(區分)하기는 어려운 경우가 많고 그 이유(理由)는 태생기(胎生期) 식도점막(食道粘膜)은 보투 11국(局)까지 심지어 6개월(六個月)까지 원시(原始) foregut의 점막(粘膜)으로 구성되고 또한 기관지점막(氣管枝粘膜)인 직모성(織毛性) 상피세포(上皮細胞)로 구성(構成)되기 때문이며 또 원시(原始) foregut이 기관(氣管) 및 기도(氣道)로 분지(分枝)하는 과정(科程)에서 생기는 발아(發芽)의 불완전(不完全), 비정상(非正常) 발아(發芽)의 부위(部位), 시기(時期) 등(等)에 따라 기관지성(氣管枝性)과 소화기성낭종(消化器性囊腫)사이의 아주 다양(多樣)한 여러 변이(變異)가 다 발생가능(發生可能)하기 때문이다. 따라서 낭종(囊腫)이 기관지성(氣管枝性)인지 소화기성(消化器性)인지를 구분(區分)하는 일반적(一般的)인 동의점(同意點)으로는 연결부위(聯結部位)에 관계(關係)없이 장관성점막(腸管性粘膜)이 전체적(全體的) 혹(或)은 부분적(部分的)으로 발견(發見)되면 장관성낭종(腸管性囊腫)의 범주(範疇)로, 그러나 연골조직(軟骨組織)을 가지고 있으면 호흡기성낭종(呼吸器性囊腫)으로 분류(分類)할 수 있겠고 그 중간(中間)에 어느 쪽으로 분류(分類)할것인지 결정(決定)하기 곤란(困難)한 다양(多樣)한 많은 변이(變異)가 있을수 있다고 사료(思料)되는 바이다.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.247-250
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• 1997

Bronchogenic cysts are thought to be uncommon developmental anomalies. They develop from small buds or diverticuli that separate from the foregut in the formation of the tracheo-bronchial tree. They are nearly always located near the tracheal bifurcation; However, these lesions can occur anywhere along the tracheo-bronchial tree. We experienced a case of cervical bronchogenic cyst presenting sorely as an anterior neck mass in a 26-year-old woman. The neck ultrasonography showed as $1.4{\times}1.1cm$ sized hypoechoic lesion with a well-defined margin on the isthmic portion of the thyroid gland. Excision of the mass was carried out. The mass was superfical to the strap muscle and was contained within the subcutaneous tissue in the midline without any connection to the trachea. Grossly, the mass was an oval-shaped cystic lesion which measured 1.5 cm in the greatest diameter. The cyst was filled with thick, yellow, jelly-like material and the inner surface was smooth and glistening. Microscopically, the cyst showed a lining of ciliated columnar epithelium, beneath which was a loose areolar stroma containing plaques of mucous glands and mature cartilage. We thought this cervical bronchogenic cyst appeared to represent an expression of complete aberrent accessory lung bud detachment from the primitive foregut.

• 대한기관식도과학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.64-66
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• 2012

Bronchogenic cysts are uncommon congenital anomalies and commonly located in the mediastinum or lung parenchyma. Bronchogenic cyst in cervical area is rare and in posterior pharyngeal area is exteremely rare. Clinically, it is usually asymptomatic and incidentally diagnosed. It is pathologically confirmed only when there are bronchial tissues such as pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium, smooth muscle cells, mucous gland and/or cartilage. Since it has potential for malignant transformation and complication, complete excision is essential. We report a case of bronchogenic cyst located in the retropharyngeal space with a review of literature.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제61권2호
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• pp.202-209
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• 2023

Lophomonas blattarum is an anaerobic protozoan living in the intestine of cockroaches and house dust mites, with ultramicroscopic characteristics such as the presence of a parabasal body, axial filament, and absence of mitochondria. More than 200 cases of Lophomonas infection of the respiratory tract have been reported worldwide. However, the current diagnosis of such infection depends only on light microscopic morphological findings from respiratory secretions. In this study, we attempted to provide more robust evidence of protozoal infection in an immunocompromised patient with atypical pneumonia, positive for Lophomonas-like protozoal cell forms. A direct search of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid via polymerase chain reaction (PCR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and metagenomic next-generation sequencing did not prove the presence of protozoal infection. PCR results were not validated with sufficient rigor, while de novo assembly and taxonomic classification results did not confirm the presence of an unidentified pathogen. The TEM results implied that such protozoal forms in light microscopy are actually non-detached ciliated epithelial cells. After ruling out infectious causes, the patient's final diagnosis was drug-induced pneumonitis. These findings underscore the lack of validation in the previously utilized diagnostic methods, and more evidence in the presence of L. blattarum is required to further prove its pathogenicity.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.210-214
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• 1981

The bronchogenic cysts result from an abnormal budding or branching of the tracheo-bronchial tree from the primitive foregut. Bronchogenic cysts may be pulmonary or mediastinal. The most common location for a mediastinal bronchogenic cyst is in relation to the carina. They are usually solitary. They usually are thin walled and contain fluid that is most often clear. The cyst is lined by ciliated columnar epithelium. The bronchogenic cyst i~ usually asymptomatic. They can cause pressure symptoms. When they become infected, symptoms do occur. We report 3 cases of bronchogenic cysts experienced at the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital. Case I, a man of 20 year-old, had a cyst at the site between aortic arch and left pulmonary artery. He complained cough and dyspnea. The cyst wasn`t communicated with tracheobronchial tree. Case II was 55-year-old male who had had hemoptysis. A huge cyst was located within the lower lobe of left lung and removed by pulmonary lobectomy. There were not any symptoms in Case III that was 6-year old girl. That cyst was located just next to the right main bronchus.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제67권2호
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• pp.131-134
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• 2009

Pulmonary papillomas are rare benign epithelial neoplasms arising in bronchial surface epithelium. They are categorized by a variety of cell types including squamous, glandular, and mixed squamous and glandular type. Among them, glandular papilloma is extremely rare and has not been reported in Korea. The patient was a 52 year-old man presenting with a 4-months' history of recurrent hemoptysis. Bronchofiberoscopy revealed a whitish, glistening, and polypoid mass lesion at the proximal bronchus in the basal segment of the left lower lung. Bronchoscopic biopsy was performed; papillary fronds lined by ciliated or nonciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium were noted on histologic findings. We present the first case of glandular papilloma in Korea. Two years later, the patient visited our hospital again due to hemoptysis. On follow-up bronchoscopy, a mass that had been found previously showed an increase in size.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.118-124
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• 1984

Congenital Cystic Adenomatiod Malformation (C.C.A.M.) is rare, but one of the most common congenital pulmonary anomalies that cause acute respiratory distress in the newborn infants. It is characterized and differentiated from the diffuse pulmonary cystic disease pathologically, i.e. adenomatoid appearance due to marked proliferation of the terminal respiratory components. An 2/12 year old male patient was suffered from respiratory distress and cyanosis on crying since birth, but no specific therapy was given. With progression of symptoms, he came to Korea University Hospital for further evaluation and then transfered to Dept. of Chest Surgery for operative correction under the impression of Congenital Obstructive Emphysema suggested by a pediatrician. On gestational and family history, there was nothing to be concerned such as congenital anomaly. Physical examinations showed; moderate nourishment and development (Wt. 5.5kg), cyanosis on crying, both intercostal and lower sternal retraction on inspiration, Lt. chest building with tympany, Rt. shifting of cardiac dullness, decreased breathing sound with expiratory wheezing on entire Lt. lung field, decreased breathing sound on Rt. upper lung filed, and tachycardia. The remainders were nonspecific. Laboratory findings were normal except WBC $14000/mm^3$ (lymphocyte 70%), Hgb 9.8m%, Hct 28%, negative Mantaux test, and sinus tachycardia and counter-clockwise rotation on EKG. Preoperative simple Chest PA revealed marked hyperlucent entire Lt. lung, herniation of Lt. upper lobe to Rt., collapsed Rt. upper lobe, tracheal deviation and mediastinal shifting to Rt., and no pleural reaction. At operation, after Lt. posterolateral thoracotomy, 4th rib was resected. Operative findings were severe emphysematous changes limited to both lingular segmentectomy was done. The resected specimen showed slight solidity, measuring $8{\times}4.5{\times}2cm$ in size, and small multiple cystic spaces filled with air. Microscopically, entire tissue structures were glandular in appearance, cyst were lined by ciliated columnar epithelium, and occasional cartilages were noted around the cystic spaces. Bronchial elements were dilated but normal pattern on histologically. The patient had a good postoperative courses clinically and radiologically, and discharged on POD 10th without event. The authors report a case of Cogenital Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation (C.C.A.M.)