• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.15
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• pp.6773-6777
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• 2015

We used to LASSO-Cox method for determining prognostic factors of male breast cancer survival and showed the superiority of this method compared to Cox proportional hazard model in low sample size setting. In order to identify and estimate exactly the relative hazard of the most important factors effective for the survival duration of male breast cancer, the LASSO-Cox method has been used. Our data includes the information of male breast cancer patients in Fars province, south of Iran, from 1989 to 2008. Cox proportional hazard and LASSO-Cox models were fitted for 20 classified variables. To reduce the impact of missing data, the multiple imputation method was used 20 times through the Markov chain Mont Carlo method and the results were combined with Rubin's rules. In 50 patients, the age at diagnosis was 59.6 (SD=12.8) years with a minimum of 34 and maximum of 84 years and the mean of survival time was 62 months. Three, 5 and 10 year survival were 92%, 77% and 26%, respectively. Using the LASSO-Cox method led to eliminating 8 low effect variables and also decreased the standard error by 2.5 to 7 times. The relative efficiency of LASSO-Cox method compared with the Cox proportional hazard method was calculated as 22.39. The19 years follow of male breast cancer patients show that the age, having a history of alcohol use, nipple discharge, laterality, histological grade and duration of symptoms were the most important variables that have played an effective role in the patient's survival. In such situations, estimating the coefficients by LASSO-Cox method will be more efficient than the Cox's proportional hazard method.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.357-366
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study were to examine the incidence of lymphedema and to compare to physiological and psychosocial symptoms between breast cancer patients with lymphedema and without lymphedema. Method: Four hundreds fifty women with breast cancer receiving mastectomy were recruited from two out-patient breast clinics of A and S university hospitals in Seoul, Korea from October, 2004 to May, 2005. Lymphedema was defined by circumferential measurement. Differences greater than 2cm between the affected arm and normal arm were considered to be lymphedema. A descriptive design was used for this study and data was collected using a structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and independent t-test. Results: Lymphedema developed in 112(24.9%) of the 450 subjects. Subjects with lymphedema reported more severe sensation change of arm and more depression and confusion than subjects without lymphedema. Range of motion of shoulder as a physical indicator and social support, however, were not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion: Lymphedema is recognized as an unpleasant and uncomfortable consequence of breast cancer-related treatment. Therefore, more research is needed to evaluate the impact of lymphedema on quality of life in patients with lymphedema and the efficacy of nursing intervention.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.17
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• pp.7837-7841
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• 2015

Objective: To assess the safety of Liena polypeptide injection (produced by JILIN FSENS PHARMACEUTICAL CO.,LTD) combined with chemotherapy in treating patients with advanced cancers. Method: A consecutive cohort of patients with advanced cancers were treated with Liena polypeptide injection combined with chemotherapy. And chemotherapy for patients with advanced cancers were adopted from regimens suggested by NCCN guideline. Liena polypeptide injection was intravenously injected at a dosage of 2ml plus 100ml normal saline for continuous 7 days during chemotherapy as one course. After at least two courses of treatment, safety and side effects were evaluated. Results: There were 20 female and 14 male patients with advanced cancer recruited into this study, including 10 patients with breast, 8 patients with colorectal, 8 patients with lung, 4 patients with gastric, and 1 patient with esophageal cancer, as well as 1 patient with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, 1 patient with low pharyngeal and 1 patient with urethral cancer. The median age of patients was 59 (40-82) years. Incidences of Grade 1 to 2 myelosuppression was observed in 5/34 patients, and Grade 1 to 2 elevation of hepatic enzyme was recorded in 3/34 patients. Adverse effects on the gastrointestinal tract were documented in 5/34 patients, and were Grade 1. No Grade 3-4 toxicities were diagnosed. No treatment related death was found. Conclusions: Liena polypeptide injection combined with chemotherapy was safe in treating several sites of tumors, that mainly included lung, colorectal and breast cancer. However, further study should be conducted to clarify the effectiveness of this treatment.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.2259-2263
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• 2016

Background: Mammographic density determined according paranchymal patterns is a risk factor for breast cancer and its relationships with body and other breast characteristics of women is important. The purpose of the present study was to correlate breast parenchymal patterns and mammography abnormality findings with women's BMI, compressed breast thickness (CBT) and age in Tabriz city, Iran. Materials and Methods: From 1,100 mammograms interpreted by radiologists, breast parenchymal was classified into four categories from Types 1 (mostly fatty) through 4 (mostly fibroglandular tissue). Age, BMI, and CBT were recorded and their relation with risk for the development of breast abnormalities in mammograms was analyzed. Results: In women with a mean age of $45.8{\pm}8.63years$ 17.7% were in the high density group (Type 3 and 4). A comparison of four types of breast paranchymal with BMI, CBT and age showed inverse relations to breast density. Abnormal mammographic findings were 25.8% of all reported mammograms with a circular mass (12.7%) as the most common abnormality. About 21% abnormal cases were in less than 40 years. Increasing of BMI had significant relation with breast abnormality but in CBT was not observed. Conclusions: Measurement of women's body characteristics is useful for assistance in mammography diagnosis as well as selection of imaging instrument by high sensitivity for following patient in future. The effects of age, CBT and BMI groups on the breast paranchymal were significant.

• Journal of Radiation Industry
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.391-396
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• 2023

Currently, state-of-the-art devices such as SPECT, PET/CT, and PET/MRI are rapidly spreading nationwide, and the penetration rate of nuclear medical devices is also ranked fifth in the world. However, PET/MRI's system is slower and less common because it is more complex than PET/CT. The purpose of this study is to provide optimal information on PET/MRI according to the patient's disease. The subjects obtained information on head and neck cancer, pediatric patients, breast cancer patients, heart disease patients, lung cancer patients, and rectal cancer patients. We tried to accumulate protocols by obtaining a lot of information about each disease. In diagnosing head and neck cancer, it is believed that it is highly likely to be used in evaluating preoperative stage determination, recurrence and remote metastasis after treatment, and unclear primary cervical lymph node metastasis. Diagnosis and continuous follow-up of pediatric patients can increase patient benefits by minimizing radiation exposure. Breast cancer provides a comprehensive evaluation of the clinical need to determine the extent of disease in breast and local lymph nodes and the systematic stages of early diagnosis or recurrence. In diagnosing heart disease patients, MR-based PET motion correction helps to realize the full potential of PET images. For lung cancer patients, the clinical value and usefulness of the resolution and detection ability of integrated PET/MRI for soft tissues such as lung cancer will be sufficient. In diagnosing rectal cancer patients, the detection of missing residual diseases can change the clinical response evaluation for rectal cancer patients treated with TNT, and both the initial stage and treatment response evaluation are possible. Therefore, this literature study provided basic clinical data for PET/MRI tests.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.2675-2679
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• 2012

Introduction: Annually a considerable number of people die because of breast cancer, a common disease among women also in Iran. Identifying risk factors and susceptible people can lead to prevention or at least early diagnosis. Among susceptibility risks, 5-10% of patients have a family history predisposing factor which can influence the risk of incidence among the family. Having a registry program can be a more practical way to screen high risk families for preventive planning. Method: Based on inclusion criteria, a questionnaire was prepared and after a pilot study on a small number of patients, actual data were collected on 400 patients and processed in SPSS 16.0. Results: Totally, 28.2%of the patients were younger than 40 years old and 36.8% had the included criteria for familial breast cancer (FBC). 102 patient's samples could be compared for receptor presentation. Similar to other studies, the number of triple negative breast cancers increased as the age decreased. Conclusion: The high percentage of patients with FBC among 400 cases in this study demonstrates that in order to design an infrastructural diagnostic protocol and screening of patients with FBC, a precise survey related to frequency and founder mutations of FBC is needed nationwide.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.21
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• pp.9191-9197
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• 2014

The aims of this study were to assess whether Indonesian women with breast cancer havea higher external health locus of control (HLC) than healthy women, and to explore the association between HLC and symptoms of anxiety and depression. In this study, 120 consecutive women with breast cancer were recruited at the outpatient surgical oncology clinic at the Hasan Sadikin Hospital in Bandung. One hundred and twenty two healthy women were recruited from the Bandung area as controls. A standard demographic form, Form C of the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control, as well as the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and patients' medical records were used. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, Pearson's correlation, MANOVA and multiple linear regressions. Women with breast cancer had higher scores on all external HLC subscales, i.e. chance, doctor, powerful others and God, and lower internal HLC compared to healthy women. High God LHC scores were associated with a high level of anxiety (${\beta}=0.21$, p<0.05), whereas none of the HLC subscales were associated with depression. Our results suggest that women with breast cancer tend to have high external HLC, while healthy women tend to have high internal HLC. A strong belief in an external source of control, i.e. God, might be negatively associated with patient emotional adjustment. Further research is needed to give an insight into the direction of this association.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.614-616
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• 2022

As of November 2021, TikTok has one billion monthly active users and is recognized as the most engaging social media platform. TikTok has seen a surge in users and content creators, ranging from athletes to medical professionals. In the past year, content creators have utilized the app to advocate for social reforms, education, and other uses that were not previously considered. Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women, with an expected 281,550 new cases of invasive breast cancer in 2021. As more individuals with breast cancer choose to undergo resection, the demand for autologous fat grafting in breast reconstruction has increased due to the natural look and feel of breast tissue. The purpose of this article is to analyze content related to breast reconstruction with fat grafting found on TikTok and recommend methods to improve patient education, care, and outcomes. We searched TikTok on November 1, 2021, for videos using the phrase "breast reconstruction with fat grafting." The top 200 videos retrieved from the TikTok search algorithm were analyzed, and all commentaries, duplicates, and nonrelevant videos were removed. Video characteristics were collected, and two independent reviewers generated a DISCERN score A total of 131 videos were included in the study. They were found to have a combined 1,871,980 likes, 41,113 comments, and 58,662 shares. The videos had an average DISCERN score of 2.16. Content creators had an overall low DISCERN score in items involving the use of references, disclosure of risks for not obtaining treatment, and support for shared decision-making. When stratified, the DISCERN score was higher for videos created by physicians (DISCERN average 2.48) than for videos created by nonphysicians (DISCERN average 1.99; p < 0.001).

• The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.117-127
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• 2015

Objectives : Most of pains are important symptoms caused by cancer transpered to spine. Harpagophyti Radix Pharmacopuncture is highly effective in reducing fever, pain, inflammation but was never used to reduce pain from cancer transpered to spine. So I intended to use Harpagophyti Radix Pharmacopuncture to control pain. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical application of Harpagophyti Radix Pharmacopuncture for Bone Metastasis of Breast Cancer and Spinal Stenosis. Methods : We examined patient with Bone Metastasis of Breast Cancer and Spinal Stenosis who admitted Jaseng Korean Medicine Hospital. The patient was treated by Korean Medicine treatment and Harpagophyti Radix Pharmacopuncture. This case was assessed by Numerical Rating Scale(NRS), Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Index(ODI), Short-Form 36 Health Survey(SF-36), ROM(Range of Movement) and Special Test. Results : In this study, the patient's pain was controlled and NRS, ODI were decreased. I could identify the improvement in life quality from the positive change of SF-36 and also found out that treatment was successful from the improvement of ROM, Special test. Conclusions : Harpagophyti Radix Pharmacopuncture with Korean Medicine treatment for Bone Metastasis of Breast Cancer and Spinal Stenosis was proved to be useful to the pain relief and function recovery, but further research should take place for clear understanding of the exact amount of dosage and safety. Moreover it must be accompanied by long term follow up research.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.173-180
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• 2013

As microvascular techniques continue to improve, perforator flap free tissue transfer is now the gold standard for autologous breast reconstruction. Various options are available for breast reconstruction with autologous tissue. These include the free transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous (TRAM) flap, deep inferior epigastric perforator flap, superficial inferior epigastric artery flap, superior gluteal artery perforator flap, and transverse/vertical upper gracilis flap. In addition, pedicled flaps can be very successful in the right hands and the right patient, such as the pedicled TRAM flap, latissimus dorsi flap, and thoracodorsal artery perforator. Each flap comes with its own advantages and disadvantages related to tissue properties and donor-site morbidity. Currently, the problem is how to determine the most appropriate flap for a particular patient among those potential candidates. Based on a thorough review of the literature and accumulated experiences in the author's institution, this article provides a logical approach to autologous breast reconstruction. The algorithms presented here can be helpful to customize breast reconstruction to individual patient needs.