• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.163-171
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• 2023

A blind box is a kind of sales method in that you can only get the product information by opening the package. In 2019, blind box products began to grow rapidly in the Chinese market, and gradually formed a special "blind box economy". The particularity of blind box products is that driven by consumers' curiosity, consumers' purchasing behavior can be directly induced by the visual and tactile perception of commodity packaging. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the psychological needs of consumers and master the blind box packaging design elements under the influence of consumer psychology. This paper takes figurine blind box packaging elements as the research scope and Chinese blind box consumers as the research object. Through market research and literature study, We are designed to conduct a questionnaire survey and SPSS empirical study to find out the differences in the preferences of different consumer temperament types for blind box packaging, taking the characteristics of blind box products and consumer psychology as the relevant theoretical background. The research results show that among the blind box consumers, choleric type consumers predominate, the color of the blind box packaging presents red, orange, and yellow preference, and the material presents metal, and plastic preference. The shape of the blind box shows a preference for special shape.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.15-33
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• 2012

For an axially loaded box-shaped member, the width-to-thickness ratio of the plate elements preferably should not be greater than 40 for Q235 steel grades in accordance with the Chinese code GB50017-2003. However, in practical engineering the plate width-to-thickness ratio is up to 120, much more than the limiting value. In this paper, a 3D nonlinear finite element model is developed that accounts for both geometrical imperfections and residual stresses and the ultimate capacity of welded built-up box columns, with larger width-to-thickness ratios of 60, 70, 80, and 100, is simulated. At the same time, the interaction buckling strength of these members is determined using the effective width method recommended in the Chinese code GB50018-2002, Eurocode 3 EN1993-1 and American standard ANSI/AISC 360-10 and the direct strength method developed in recent years. The studies show that the finite element model proposed can simulate the behavior of nonlinear buckling of axially loaded box-shaped members very well. The width-to-thickness ratio of the plate elements in welded box section columns can be enlarged up to 100 for Q235 steel grades. Good agreements are observed between the results obtained from the FEM and direct strength method. The modified direct strength method provides a better estimation of the column strength compared to the direct strength method over the full range of plate width-to-thickness ratio. The Chinese code and Eurocode 3 are overly conservative prediction of column capacity while the American standard provides a better prediction and is slightly conservative for b/t = 60. Therefore, it is suggested that the modified direct strength method should be adopted when revising the Chinese code.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.617-625
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• 2017

Prestress force identification (PFI) is crucial to maintain the safety of prestressed concrete bridges. A synergic identification method has been proposed recently by the authors that can determine the prestress force (PF) and the excitation force simultaneously in prestressed concrete beams with good accuracy. In this paper, the ability of this method in the application with prestressed concrete box-girder bridges is demonstrated. A reasonable assumption is made to capture the similarity of the dynamic behavior of the prestressed concrete box-girder bridge and a beam under a certain loading scenario, and the feasibility of this method for application in a prestressed box-girder bridge is affirmed. A comprehensive laboratory test program is conducted, and the effects of PF, excitation, measuring time and uncertainties are studied. Results show that the proposed method can predict the PF and the excitation force in a prestressed concrete box-girder accurately and has a great robustness against uncertainties.

• 정보처리학회논문지C
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• 제17C권3호
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• pp.233-242
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• 2010

전력분석 공격이 소개되면서 다양한 대응법들이 제안되었고 그러한 대응법들 중 블록 암호의 경우, 암/복호화의 연산 도중 중간 값이 전력 측정에 의해 드러나지 않도록 하는 마스킹 기법이 잘 알려져 있다. SEED는 비선형 연산으로 32 비트 덧셈 연산과 S-box 연산을 동시에 사용하고 각 연산에 대한 마스킹 방법이 조화를 이룰 수 있도록 마스킹 형태 변환 과정이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 SEED의 구조적 특성을 고려하여, 연산 시간이 많이 필요한 마스킹 형태 변환 횟수를 최소화 하도록 새로운 마스킹 S-box 설계법을 제안한다. 또한 마스킹 S-box 테이블을 하나만 생성하고 이것으로 나머지 마스킹 S-box 연산을 대체할 수 있는 연산식을 만들어 기존 마스킹 기법에 비해 마스킹 S-box로 인한 RAM 사용량을 절반으로 줄여 메모리 크기면에서도 효율적이도록 구성하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.995-1004
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• 2007

In this paper, we analyse online word-of-mouth and Korean box-office sales data based on kernel regression method. To do this, we consider the regression model with mixed-data and apply the least square cross-validation method proposed by Li and Racine (2004) to the model. We found the box-office sales can be explained by volume of online word-of-mouth and the characteristics of the movies.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.455-463
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• 2010

본 연구는 다양한 건설 구조물 중 휨 응력을 받는 부재인 슬래브, 거더 등에 FRP 박스 부재를 적용하기 위한 기초 실험적 연구이다. FRP 부재를 제작하여 FRP 박스 부재의 대형단면으로서의 연결성능 특징을 분석하기 위하여 다양한 조건으로 실험을 수행하였다. FRP 박스 부재의 연결방법에는 화학적 연결, 기계적 연결, 혼합적 연결방법을 이용하여 가로방향과 세로방향에 대해 각각 연결실험을 실시하였다. 실험결과 우레탄+볼트 2개+쉬트를 이용한 방법이 FRP 박스 부재의 가장 이상적인 연결방법이었으며, 유한요소해석을 실시하여 거동을 검토하였다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.387-410
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• 2008

The fatigue damage accumulation rates of horizontally curved thin walled box-girder bridge have been estimated from vehicle-induced dynamic stress history using rain flow cycle counting method in the time domain approach. The curved box-girder bridge has been numerically modeled using computationally efficient thin walled box-beam finite elements, which take into account the important structural actions like torsional warping, distortion and distortional warping in addition to the conventional displacement and rotational degrees of freedom. Vehicle model includes heave-pitch-roll degrees of freedom with longitudinal and transverse input to the wheels. The bridge deck unevenness, which is taken as inputs to the vehicle wheels, has been assumed to be a realization of homogeneous random process specified by a power spectral density (PSD) function. The linear damage accumulation theory has been applied to calculate fatigue life. The fatigue life estimated by cycle counting method in time domain has been compared with those found by estimating the PSD of response in frequency domain. The frequency domain method uses an analytical expression involving spectral moment characteristics of stress process. The effects of some of the important parameters on fatigue life of the curved box bridge have been studied.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.68-74
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• 2016

This paper presents a new strengthening method of underground box structures against seismic loads for anti-seismic capacity improvement. A threaded steel member with pressure devices(so called 'Pre-flexed member system') is used to improve seismic capacity of the RC box structure. The pre-flexed member system is fixed the corner of opening after chemical anchor was installed by drilling hole on the box structure. The structural performance was evaluated analytically. Two bracing types of strengthening methods were used; conventional bracing method and I-bracing pressure system. For the performance evaluation, seismic analyses were performed on moment and shear resisting structures with and without strength member system. Numerical results confirmed that the proposed pre-flexed member system can enhance the seismic capacity of the underground RC box structures.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제73권2호
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• pp.167-179
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• 2020

This study provides a simplified method for the evaluation of shear lag stress in rectangular box T-joints. The occurrence of shear lag phenomenon in the box T-joint generates stress concentration localized at both web-flange junctions of the beam, which leads to cracking or failure in the weld region of the joint. To prevent such critical circumstance, peak stress at the weld region is required to be checked during a preliminary design stage. In this paper, the shear lag stresses in the T-joints were evaluated using least-work solution in which the longitudinal displacements of the beam flange and web were presumed. The evaluation process considered particularly the effect of column flange flexibility, which was represented by an axial spring model, on the shear lag stress distribution. A simplified method for stress evaluation was provided to avoid solving complex mathematical problems using a stress modification factor β_s from a parametric study. The results showed that the proposed method was valid for predicting the shear lag stress in the box T-joints manually, as well compared with finite element results. The results are further summarized, discussed, and clarified that more flexible column flange caused higher stress concentration.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제18권11호
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• pp.1669-1676
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• 1993

본 논문에서는 도체 상자에 부착된 선형 모노폴(thin-straight monopole) 안테나를 wire-grid방법을 적용하여 안테나 및 도체상자를 모델링하였고, 효율적인 계산을 위해 Pocklington 적분 방정식과 모멘트 방법(Moment Method)을 사용하여, 안테나의 특성 변화를 계산하였다. 안테나 및 모델링된 도체상자에 이용된 기저함수는 PWS(Piecewise Sinusoidal)함수이고, 도체상자의 모서리에 흐르는 전류를 효과적으로 표현하기 위해, 접합기저함수(Junction Basis Function)를 사용하였다. 특히, 모서리의 꼭지점에서 전류의 연속 조건을 만족하기 위해, 접합기저 함수가 중복되도록 하였다. 안테나 및 도체상자에 흐르는 전류분포를 계산하여, 입력 임피던스 및 복사패턴을 구하였고, 기존의 결과 데이터와 비교하였다.