• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.127-131
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• 2013

The aim of this study was to investigate adulteration of caprine milk products by bovine milk using biomolecular techniques with bovine-specific primers for the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and real-time PCR assays were applied to caprine milk products including infant formula, city milk, and fermented milk. The results indicated that six out of the eight caprine infant formula products tested contained bovine milk components. In addition, two of the three tested caprine city milk products and two caprine fermented milk products were shown to be adulterated with bovine milk. Conventional PCR results corroborated with results obtained by real-time PCR. This study demonstrates that DNA-based species identification procedures would be useful and applicable in routine examinations of the dairy industry to ensure the quality and safety of dairy foods.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.434-447
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• 2014

Though the edible bovine by-products are widely used for human consumption in most countries worldwide but the scientific information regarding the nutritional quality of these by-products is scarce. In the present study, the basic information regarding the yields, physicochemical and nutritional compositions of edible Hanwoo bovine by-products was studied. Our results showed that the yields, physicochemical and nutritional composition widely varied between the by-products examined. The highest pH values were found in rumen, reticulum, omasum and reproductive organ. Heart, liver, kidney and spleen had the lowest CIE $L^*$ values and highest CIE $a^*$ values. Liver had the highest vitamin A, B2 and niacin contents whereas the highest B1 and B5 contents were found in kidney. The highest Ca content was found in rumen, reticulum, omasum, head and leg while the highest Mn and Fe contents were found in rumen, omasum and spleen, respectively. Liver had the highest Cu content. Total essential amino acids (EAA)/amino acids (AA) ratios ranged between the by-products from 38.37% to 47.41%. Total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) levels ranged between the by-products from 2.26% to 26.47%, and most by-products showed favorable PUFA/SFA ratios. It is concluded that most of by-products examined are good sources of essential nutrients and these data will be of great importance for promotion of consumption and utilization of beef by-products in future.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.863-875
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• 2005

Bovine bone-derived bone substitutes are widely used for treatment of bone defects in dental and orthopedic regenerative surgery. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the basic characteristics of deproteinized bovine bone mineral as a bone graft substitute. Commercially available products from three different bovine bone minerals-Bio-Oss(GeistlichPharma, Switzerland), BBP(Oscotec. Korea), Osteograf/N-300(Dentsply Friadent Ceramed, USA) - were investigated. They were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy(SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer(EDS), surface area analysis(BET), and Kjeldahl protein analysis. Cell viability on different products was evaluated by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide(MTT) assay. The results of this study indicated that each bone substitute displayed distinct surface properties. Furthermore, Kjeldahl protein analysis indicated that residual crude proteins are present in deproteinized bovine bone mineral. BBP showed relatively large amount of residual protein, which indicated that the possibility of disease transmission can not be safely ruled out. Based on the results of this study, it is suggested that active quality management is strongly needed in operations that involve processing bovine bone tissue for medical use.

• 한국축산식품학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국축산식품학회 1997년도 제18차 정기총회 및 학술발표회
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• pp.94-94
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• 1997

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.72-76
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• 2006

Plasma-derived products are produced from plasma via fractionation and chromatography techniques, but can also be produced by other methods. In the performance of nucleic acid amplification tests (NAT) with plasma-derived products, it is necessary to include an internal control for the monitoring of all procedures. In order to avoid false negative results, we confirmed the usefulness of the bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) for use as an internal control in the detection of hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA in plasma-derived products. These products, which were spiked with BVDV, were extracted and then NAT was performed. Specificity and sensitivity were determined via the adjustment of primer concentrations and annealing temperatures. BVDV detection allows for validation in the extraction, reverse transcription, and amplification techniques used for HCV detection in plasma-derived products.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.157-163
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• 1998

This study was carried out to examine that pepsin-hydrolyzed bovine lactoferrin has applicabilities which are market milk and dairy products. The stability of pepsin-hydrolyzed bovine apo-lactoferrin and the change of its antibacterial character has been studied under various method for pasteurization (LTLT; 65$^{\circ}C$ / 30min., HTST ; 75$^{\circ}C$ / 15sec., UHT ; 135$^{\circ}C$ / 3sec.) and pH Values (pH 2.0, pH 4.0, pH 6.8). The ehated samples were assayed for minimal bacteriocidal concentrations (MBCs) and bacteriocidal effect against E. coli. The results obtained were summarized as follows: After fractionation of pepsin-hydrolyzed bovine lactofeerin by gel filtration. several peptide fractions were found that had strong antibacterial activity. SDS-PAGE showed that the one of these fractions with strong antibacterial activity, which had a molecular mass a range of 30∼33KDa. The MBCs for pepsin-hydrolyzed bovine lactoferrin fraction No. 2 against E. coli required to cause complete inhibition of growth varied within the range of 200∼400 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml, depending on heat treatments and pH conditions. The peptide fraction No. 2 showed strong bacteriocidal activity against E. coli at LTLT and HTST treatments under acidic pH conditions. and was reduced activity at UHT treatment under pH 6.8 condition.

• 생약학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.62-65
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• 1995

Dopamine ${\beta}-hydroxylase$ (DBH) catalyses the enzymatic reaction of dopamine to norepinephrine. For the purpose of isolating DBH inhibitors from natural resources, thirty one kinds of medicinal plants were screened by tracing the inhibitory activities against bovine adrenal DBH, utilizing tyramine as a substrate. Among the crude drugs tested, leaves of Lactuca sativa L., Gardeniae Fructus, Magnoliae Flos and Scutellariae Radix showed potent enzyme inhibitory activities against DBH.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.34-42
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• 2008

소의 혈액, 세포, 조직, 기관 등 소 유래 물질을 원료로 사용한 생물의약품, 조직공학제제, 세포치료제의 경우 소 유래원료 물질에 다양한 바이러스가 오염된 사례가 있기 때문에 바이러스 안전성 검증이 필수적이다. BVDV는 동물세포주, 우혈청 등에 가장 흔하게 오염되는 바이러스이다. 소 유래물질을 원료로 하는 생물의약품, 조직공학제제, 세포치료제 등에서 BVDV안전성을 확보하기 위해, 원료물질, 제조공정, 완제품에서 BVDV를 정량적으로 검출하고, 제조공정에서 BVDV제거 검증을 위한 시험법으로 활용이 가능한 BVDV real-time RT-PCR시험법을 확립하였다. BVDV에 특이적인 primer를 선별하였으며, 형광염료 SYBR Green I을 사용하여 BVDV RNA 정량 검출 시험법을 최적화하였다. 세포배양법에 의한 감염역가와 비교한 결과 real-time RT-PCR 민감도는 $1TCID_{50}/mL$이었다. 확립된 시험법의 신뢰성(reliability)을 보증하기 위해 시험법 검증을 실시한 결과 특이성 (specificity)과 재현성(reproducibility)이 우수함을 확인하였다. 확립된 real-time RT-PCR을 생물의약품 제조공정 검증에 적용할 수 있는지 확인하기 위하여 인위적으로 BVDV를 오염시킨 CHO 세포주와 소 유래콜라겐에서 BVDV검출 시험을 실시하였다. BVDV를 감염시킨 CHO 세포와 세포배양 상청액에서 BVDV를 정량적으로 검출할 수 있었다. 소 유래 콜라겐에서도 $10TCID_{50}/mL$까지 정량적으로 검출할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.1267-1274
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• 2004

Colostrum contains various kinds of cytokines including TGF-$\beta$ that has potent regulatory effects on cells of the immune system. We compared the levels of TGF-$\beta$1 and TGF-$\beta$2 in bovine and human colostrum. Based on the isoform-specific ELISA, bovine colostrum collected on day 1 post-delivery retained $53.71{\pm}29.55\;ng/ml$ of TGF-$\beta$1 and $40.41{\pm}21.78\;{\mu}g/ml$ of TGF-$\beta$2 (n=4), while in human, $381.45{\pm}158.24\;ng/ml$ of TGF-$\beta$1 and $41.47{\pm}9.63\;ng/ml$ of TGF-$\beta$2 (n=5). Thus, dominant TGF-$\beta$ isoforms were completely opposite between human and bovine colostrum samples. The concentrations of both isoforms declined as lactation proceeded. Biological activities of the colostrum samples were determined using an MV1LU cell line. Consistent with the result from the immunoassay, TGF-$\beta$1 in human and TGF-$\beta$2 in bovine colostrum were responsible for the anti proliferative activity against MV1LU cells. Furthermore, bovine colostrum increased IgA secretion by LPS-stimulated mesenteric lymph node (MLN) cells, and this effect was abrogated by either anti­TGF-$\beta$2 antibody or combined anti-TGF-$\beta$1/$\beta$2 antibody, but not by anti- TGF-$\beta$1 antibody alone. Similarly, TGF-$\beta$2 in bovine colostrum enhanced the Ig germ line (GL) promoter activity, which is the earliest event toward IgA isotype switching. Taken together, these results suggest that TGF-$\beta$ isoforms, differentially expressed in human and bovine colostrum, may promote IgA isotype production in the neonatal intestine.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.63-68
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• 1983

The binding properties of three ginsenosides, Rb$_{1}$, Rc and Re, to bovine and human serum albumins have been examined by fluorescence probe technique. 1-anilinonphathalene-8-sulfonate (ANS) was used as the fluorescence probe. Protopanaxatriol glycoside, Re, did not quench the fluorscence of ANS to the bovine serum albumin. Competitive bindings between protopanaxadiol glycosides, Rb$_{1}$ and Rc are both 3.3 . The binding constants for Rb$_{1}$ and Rc with bovine serum albumin were 1.91 * 10$_{4}$M$_{-1}$ AND 1.04 * 10$^{[-994]}$ M$^{-1}$ , respectively. The ginsenosides, Rb$_{1}$, Rc and Re did not quench the fluorescence of ANS bound to human serum albumin.