• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.127-136
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• 1996

김치 공장에서 제조한 막김치를 원료로 하여 병용기에 200 g씩 충진하고, 진공 혹은 상압밀봉하여 5, 15, $25^{\circ}C$에 저장하면서 각각의 화학적 특징 변화와 미생물 변화를 관찰하였다. 김치의 적숙기는 $25^{\circ}C$에서 2일, $15^{\circ}C$에서 5일, $5^{\circ}C$에서 60일 이상이었다. 진공 처리한 경우 김치의 pH와 산도변화는 상압처리에 비하여 비교적 지연되었다. 진공밀봉 병조림 김치의 진공도는 $25^{\circ}C$ 및 $15^{\circ}C$ 발효에서는 1-2일 내에 상압으로 되었으나, $5^{\circ}C$ 발효의 경우 36일까지 380 mmHg 이상의 진공도를 유지할 수 있었다. 병조림 김치의 색깔은 $25^{\circ}C$, $15^{\circ}C$에서 밝기, 적색도, 황색도가 계속 상승하였으나, $5^{\circ}C$ 저장시 진공처리에 의해 색깔변화가 억제되는 효과가 있었다. 병조림 김치발효중 총균수는 $10^7{\sim}10^{10}/ml$정도이었으며 $5^{\circ}C$로 저장온도가 떨어질수록 총균수는 감소하였고, $5^{\circ}C$ 발효에서도 진공처리구의 총균수는 상압보다 낮았다. 병조림 김치에서 동정된 젖산균은 Lactobacillus brevis, L. plantarum, L. acidophilus, Aerococcus viridans, Streptococcus faecium subsp. casseliflavus이었고, 김치발효에 주로 관여하는 균은 L. brevis와 L. plantarum이었다. 이들 김치발효에 주로 관여하는 균은 $25^{\circ}C$와 $15^{\circ}C$보다 $5^{\circ}C$에서 균수가 낮아졌고, 진공처리에 의해 더욱 낮아졌다.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.1063-1071
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• 2008

Mustard Leaf Kimchi (MLK) is a traditional fermented Korean vegetable food. This study investigated the anticancer effect of partial vacuum treatment of MLK packed in glass bottles during fermentation. Prepared vacuum treated mustard leaf Kimchi (VM) and non-vacuum treated mustard leaf Kimchi (CM) were fermented at $5^{\circ}C$ for 8 weeks. The initial pH and total acidity were approximately 5.7 and, 0.36%, respectively. During fermentation, pH decreased and total acidity increased. Initial contents of reducing sugar and salt were 2.1% and were 2.7 mg/g, respectively. Reducing sugar gradually decreased during fermentation. Growth of cells from mouse cancer cell lines (L12l0 and P338D1) and human cancer cell lines (HepG2 and WiDr) were all decreased by MLK. VM and CM did not affect growth. More potent growth inhibition effects were exhibited by water versus hexane extracts of MLK, and by MLK fermented for 3 weeks versus 6 weeks. However, when applied to control NIH/3T3 cells at the same concentrations, MLK exhibited no cytotoxicity, and cell growth was unimpeded.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.950-957
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• 2009

Mustard Leaf Kimchi (MLK) is a traditional fermented Korean vegetable food. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of part vacuum treatment on MLK packed in a glass bottle during fermentation. There have been a few previous studies that examined the chemical and microbial changes during MLK fermentation. However, the major object of this study was to investigate the antioxidative activities of vacuum treated MLK. In this study, the antioxidative activity of vacuum treated mustard leaf Kimchi (VM) and control mustard leaf Kimchi (CM) were examined. VM and CM were fermented at $5^{\circ}C$ for 8 weeks. A model system was designed to evaluate the antioxidative activity of crude chlorophylls and carotenoids (CCC) extracts from Mustard leaf Kimchi. The oxidative reaction of the linoleic acid mixture system at $30^{\circ}C$ in the dark was quantified determining the peroxide value and conjugated dienoic acid content. The effect of the CCC extracts on lipid peroxidation in a rat liver homogenate was examined. Formation of lipid peroxides was estimated by the TBA value, and the CCC extracts were found to inhibit the TBA value. Chlorophyll a and b, and carotenoids, Which are the major components in the CCC extracts of Kimchi were isolated on a DEAE-sepharose CL-6B and Sepharose CL-6B column and TLC. The effects of chlorophyll a and b, caroteins on linoleic acid autoxidation were measured by determining the peroxide value. In addition, their effects on free radical scavenging were investigated by DPPH. In this assay, chlorophyll a showed the greatest antioxidative activity followed by chlorophyll b, and carotenoids. MLK contains a sufficient content of chlorophyll a and b, and carotenoid which have strong antioxidative activities.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.111-120
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• 2005

Recently, the number of elderly people in the rural area of Korea has increased remarkably and their food security has become deteriorated mainly due to the low economic status. To investigate the food security for the elderly people, relevant data were obtained by offering questionnaire to the rural elderly people who were engaging in traditional agricultural production for daily foods. The subjects of 1870 were collected in 9 provinces according to PPS(Probability Proportional to Size). Questionnaire contained the items of dietary habit, food cultivation, Production and Preservation, and the suey was conducted by trained interviewers. SAS (ver 8.1) was used for statistical analyses in which Chi-square tests and General Linear Models were made. Family of the elderly people was $45.4\%$ of the total and the characteristics of elderly families were that age of male head was 82.1 years and that of female was 67.7 years, and that $68.8\%$ of elderly women were working for family income or pocket money. The elderly families' food cultivation state was surveyed and they were pepper$(59.1\%)$, chinese cabbage$(61.91\%)$, and sesame$(48.6\%)$ for their own consumption. But, bean sprout$(6.5\%)$, tofu$(7.7\%)$ and egg$(5.1\%)$ showed low rate of cultivation for the family. The rate of cultivating chinese cabbage$(61.9\%)$, and sesame$(48.6\%)$ was significantly higher than that of middle aged family. At the status of fermented food production for the elderly family, Doenjang$(87.4\%)$ and Gochujang$(86.3\%)$ Kanjang$(84.0\%)$ Kimchi$(92.9\%)$ Jangachi$(27.6\%)$ and Meju$(91.61\%)$maintained higher rate than that of middle aged families' Food preservation of elderly families was low and there are just jam$(5.3\%)$ and bottled products$(1.4\%)$. A little higher rate was observed lot the preserved food such as alcohol$(9.9\%)$ and powder$(9.8\%)$. For the elderly family the score of food cultivation was 4.08/12 points and that of food preservation was 0.62/12 points. The score of fermented food production for elderly family was 10.24/12 points which was significantly different from that of middle aged family (9.58/12 points, p<0.001). This result suggests that for the elderly people food with more protein is needed for production.