• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• v.23 no.3
• /
• pp.359-373
• /
• 1993

The ultimate objective of periodontal therapy is not only stopping the progression of periodontal disease, but also promoting the regeneration of lost periodontal tissue. Guided Tissue Regeneration, which is based on the principle that the goal of periodontal regeneration can be achieved by preventing apical migration of gingival epithelium and blocking cells originating from connective tissue, has been developed and used as a clinical procedure, and although it has shown excellent results in connective tissue healing, there have not been many studies showing its effect on the regeneration of alveolar bone loss due to periodontal disease. The objectives of this study are to investigate the result of 12 months-long treatment following guided tissue regeneration using expanded polytetrafluoroehylene membrane, and to observe the presence of regenerated alveolar bone. Forty-one teeth from 28 patients with clinical diagnosis of periodontitis has been selected. In fifteen of those interproximal intrabony defects, only flap operation had been carried out, and designated as the control group. Twenty-six intrabony defects received e-PTFE membrane following flap operation, and designated as the experimental group. Eleven teeth whose membrane had been exposed were excluded from the experiment. Various measurements including probing depth, loss of attachment, probing bone level and gingival recession have been recorded at 6th month and 12th month, and the significance of the changes has been analyzed. The results are as follows: 1. Probing depth at 6th and 12th month has shown a significant decrease in both groups (p<0.01), but significantly higher decrease was found in the experimental group compared to the control at the month(p<0.05). 2. Loss of attachment at 6th and 12th month has shown a significant decrease in both groups, but significantly higher decrease was found in the experimental group compared to the control (p<0.05). 3. Probing bone level at 6th and 12th month has shown a insignificant decrease in the control group and significant decrease in the experimental group (p<0.01). Significantly higher decrease in probing bone level was found in the experimental group (p<0.05). 4. Gingival recession at 6th and 12th month has shown a statistically significant increase (p<0.05), and the control group showed higher increase compared to the experimental group although no statistical significance was found. As these results have shown, the use of e-PTFE membrane in intrabony pockets results in marked decrease in the loss of attachment and probing bone level. This seems to indicate that e-PTFE membrane may play a role in alveolar bone regeneration in intrabony defects.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• v.32 no.2
• /
• pp.325-338
• /
• 2002

Bone graft using growth factors and guided tissue regeneration have been used for the regeneration of infrabony defects which caused by periodontal disease. Calcium sulfate which is one of the resorbable barrier materials used for guided tissue regeneration. Platelet rich plasma which is a easy method to obtain the growth factors had many common points but, platelet rich plasma was still studying. This study was the comparative study between bone graft using platelet rich plasma and guided tissue regeneration using calcium sulfate barrier material in clinical view. For the study, 28 sites(2 or 3 wall infrabony defects) were treated. 14 infrabony defects were received surgical implantation of BBP-calcium sulfate composite with a calcium sulfate barrier and the others received BBP mixed with platelet rich plasma. Clinical outcome was accessed 3 and 6 months of postsurgery. 1. There was no statistical difference between CS group and PRP group in pocket depth, gingival recession, clinical attachment level, and probing bone level at baseline. 2. There was statistically significant reduction in probing depth, clinical attachment level, and probing bone level at 3 and 6 months postsurgery(p<0.05). 3. In the probing depth and clincial attachment level PPR group had less improvement than CS group, but there was no statistically difference at 3 and 6 months postsurgery. 4. In the recession PPR group had less recession than CS group, but there was no statistically difference at 3 and 6 months postsurgery. 5. In the probing bone level PPR group had less improvement than CS group, but there was no statistically difference at 6 months postsurgery. In conclusion bone graft using platelet rich plasma and guided tissue regeneration using calcium sulfate barrier showed similar clinical improvement for the treatment of 2 or 3 wall infrabony defects.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.315-330
• /
• 1993

The ultimate goal of periodontal treatment has been to facilitate regeneration of diseased periodontal tissues, destroyed by inflammatory periodontal disease. Various implant materials have been used to restore the alveolar bone defects. Of the various materials, porous replamineform hydroxyapatite (PHA) has good biocompatibility when placed in a bone tissue, and maintains alveolar ridge for a long period. Decalcified freeze dried bone(DFDB) has been widely used in alveolar bone defects because of its conformity and high osteogenic potential. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of PHA and DFDB on the regeneration of the alveolar bone between fresh extraction sockets and periodontally involved extraction sockets. Experimental periodontitis was induced by the ligation of orthodontic elastic threads after surgically creating periodontal defects on the premolars on the right side of 2 adult dogs for 8 weeks. Following the extraction of each tooth, PHA and DFDB were inserted in the extraction sockets. In control group 1, PHA was inserted in the fresh extraction sockets, and in control group 2, DFDB was inserted. In experimental group 1, PHA was inserted in the periodontally involved extraction sockets, and in experimental group 2, DFDB was inserted. After 20 weeks, the specimens were prepared and stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin stain for the light microscopic evaluation. The results of this study were as follows. 1. No inflammation associated with implant materials was evident in any of the groups. 2. DFDB was completely resorbed, PHA was remained in the extraction sockets in the control and experimental groups. 3. In control group 1 and experimental group 1, extraction sockets were not completely filled with new bone. However, original forms of alveolar crests were maintained in control group 2 and experimental group 2. 4. In control group 1 and exprimental group 1, PHA particles surrounded with many giant cells were well tolerated by the fibrous connective tissues in the coronal part of the socket, In the inferior part of the socket, PHA particles were incorporated into the new bone. In both control group 2 and experimental group 2, DFDB was replaced by newly remodeled bone. 5. No differences of degree of new bone formation were evident between control and experimental groups.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.17 no.12
• /
• pp.5251-5256
• /
• 2016

Background: Diagnostic karyotyping analysis is routinely used in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) clinics. Categorization of patients into risk stratified groups (favorable, intermediate and adverse) according to cytogenetic findings can serve as a valuable independent prognostic factor. Method and Material: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted based on the patient records of newly diagnosed non-M3 AML young adult cases undergoing standard 3+7 i.e, Daunorubicin and Ara-C (DA) as remission induction chemotherapy. Diagnostic cytogenetic analysis reports were analyzed to classify the patients into risk stratified groups according to South West Oncology Group criteria and prognostic significance was measured with reference to achievement of haematological remission after 1st induction chemotherapy. Results:A normal karyotype was commonly expressed, found in 47.2% of patients, while 65% (n=39) appeared to have intermediate risk cytogenetics, and 13.3% (n=8) adverse or unclassified findings. Favourable cytogenetics was least frequent in the patient cohort, accounting for only 8.3 % (n=5).The impact of cytogenetic risk groups on achievement of haematological remission was evaluated by applying Pearson Chi-square, and was found to be non-significant (df=12, p=0.256) but when the outcomes of favourable risk groups with intermediate, adverse and unclassified findings compared, results were highly significant (df=6, p=0.000) for each comparison. In patients of the favourable cytogenetic risk group, HR?? was reported in 40% (n=2/5), as compared to 62.2% (n=23/37) in the intermediate cytogenetic risk group, 57.1% (n=4/7) in the adverse cytogenetic risk group and 28.6% (n=2/7) in hte unclassified cytogenetic risk group. Conclusion: Cytogenetic risk stratification for AML cases following criteria provided by international guidelines did not produce conclusive results in our Pakistani patients. However, we cannot preclude an importance as the literature clearly supports the use of pretreatment karyotyping analysis as a significant predictive marker for clinical outcomes. The apparent differences between Pakistani and Western studies indicate an urgent need to develop risk stratification guidelines according to the specific cytogenetic makeup of South Asian populations.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
• /
• v.29 no.6
• /
• pp.978-984
• /
• 2016

Osteoporosis is a disease that often occurs in postmenopausal women. The purpose of this study was to examine the positive effects of Cheongukjang powder containing menaquinone-7 (MK-7) on bone health circulation in postmenopausal women. Fifty-six postmenopausal women were recruited into a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial. The participants were randomly assigned into two groups. For 12 weeks, one group received $800{\mu}g$ MK-7 in the form of Cheongukjang packs (CMK-7), and the other group received the same amount of identical-looking placebo packs containing barley meal for 12 weeks. Femoral bone mineral density (BMD), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (ALP), deoxypyridinoline (DPD), osteocalcin (OSC), serum Ca, and serum P were measured at baseline (0 weeks) and 12 weeks. After 12 weeks in the CMK-7 group, it was found that BMD, serum Ca, and serum P had increased above the baseline (p<0.0001, p=0.0028, p<0.0001), whereas bone-specific ALP, DPD, and OSC had decreased below the baseline (p=0.0003, p<0.0001, p<0.0001). Therefore, MK-7 taken as Cheongukjang is expected to prevent osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.562-568
• /
• 2008

Theosteoporosis, which is occurred after menopause, is a kind of metabolic bone disorder. It develops when the bone mass begins to decrease radically and its main symptoms are the bone fracture and the height-shortening. This thesis aims at what effects the Phlomis umbrosa will have for the prevention of the osteoporosis in the SD-rat that is caused by the ovariectomy. The 24 female white rats, after their ovaries are removed, were divided into the Normals, the Control group, Phlomis umbrosa Administrated group. After then, for 8 weeks, D.W to the normals and the control, and the Phlomis umbrosa(46 mg/100 g) to the Phlomis umbrosa group were given in the mouths of them. After 8 weeks the rats were sacrificed. And the weight, albumin, AST, ALT, total-cholesterol, triglyceride, P, Ca, T4, estradiol, the weight of the femur, the amount of tibia ash, the area of trabecular bone, the thickness of trabecular bone were measured. The serum analysis shows that the total cholesterol of the Phlomis umbrosa Administrated group reduced remarkably, compared to that of the control group. AST, ALT, ALP, T4 of Phlomis umbrosa group were decreased, but not in distinct measure. Estradiol of Phlomis umbrosa group increased substantially compared to that of the control group, but albumin, triglyceride, Phosphorous, calcium of the group showed the tendency to increase, but not so remarkably. The histological observation shows that the area and the thickness of (trabecular bone), the number of osteoclast of the Phlomis umbrosa groups increased significantly compared to those of the control group. Conclusions: The above experiment shows that Phlomis umbrosa has the prevention effect by supplying estradiol.

• Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives
• /
• v.9 no.6
• /
• pp.299-308
• /
• 2018

Objectives: We aimed to examine health-related nutritional knowledge and dietary behavior related to caffeine intake among high school students (n = 310) in the Yongin region of Korea. Methods: Data were collected using a face-to-face survey, and analyzed using chi-square test, t- test, and logistic regression analysis. Results: The level of caffeine intake in respondents was divided into low (< 30 mg/d; n = 208) and high caffeine intake groups (> 30 mg/d; n = 102). Total nutritional knowledge related to bone disease was higher in the low intake group (score 2.75) than the high intake group (score 2.39; p < 0.05). The high intake group had lower scores for nutritional knowledge (score 0.70; p < 0.05) related to how caffeinated beverages affect sleep and for dietary behavior (score 3.25; p < 0.001), based on "I avoid caffeinated foods before sleep," than the low intake group (nutritional knowledge score, 0.80; dietary behavior score, 3.76). Conclusion: In the overall analysis, the low caffeine intake group had better nutritional knowledge related to bone and sleep health, and healthier dietary behavior related to sleep health compared with the high intake group.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• v.28 no.3 s.51
• /
• pp.609-622
• /
• 1995

Until now there are few available epidemiologic data of osteoporosis in Korea, and the severity of osteoporosis-related health problem has not been widely recognized yet. But the numbers of the old people are increasing in Korea, and in 2000, the proportion of people over 65 will be up to about 6.8% of total population. Therefore, osteoporosis, one of the most common metabolic bone disease among the old people, will be one of the most important public health problem. On this background this study was performed to find out risk factors of the development of osteoporosis in Korean women through case-control approach. The subject of this study were selected among the women who visited menopause clinic in one general hospital in Seoul and were checked bone density from Sep. 1988 to Sep. 1993. Those who were diagnosed to have hypertension, diabetes mellitus, thyroid disease, breast disease, or liver disease, which are thought to influnce bone density, were excluded. Also excluded those who are age-unknown. Finally the subjects were 2,139 women aged between 18 and 79. We operatively defined patient group as those whose bone density is below $1.039/cm^2$, 90% of average bone density of women of 4th decade who visited the same hospital. And we defined control group as whose bone dendity is above $1.15g/cm^2$. We randomly selected 201 women from the patient group and 202 from the control. As independent variables we chose age, menarche age, menopause age, menopause type, the number of siblings, the number of pregnancies, body mass index, taking oral pill or not, feeding type, and educational state. Multiple logistic regression analysis was done to see the influence of these variables on the risk of osteoporosis. Results are as follows; 1. menopausal status was statistically significant risk factor to all women irrespective of her age, while obesity and later menopause age were found to be statistically significant protective factors. 2. The more siblings and pregnancies, the greater tile risk of osteoporosis, but these factors were not statistically significant. This result is not consistent with other studies. Further studies are strongly needed.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• v.35 no.1
• /
• pp.53-63
• /
• 2005

Number of fixtures supporting prosthesis for rehabilitation of partial edentulism in distal area is an important factor in distal area to the bone tissue response around dental implant. Optimal number and optimal positioning of dental implant has leaded to the stable condition of bone tissue and successful long-term treatment outcome. This clinical and radiographic study was performed to document and evaluate the short-term result of occlusal rehabilitation by means of implant-supported fixed prostheses (ISPs) especially for partial edentulism in distal area in patients treated for advanced periodontal disease and to verify the number of fixture affecting the bone tissue response. A total of 30 consecutive patients referred because of advanced periodontal disease were included. Before the implant therapy was initiated, periodontal treatment was performed and the outcome evaluated during at least a 6-month period. An individual maintenance care program was designed for each patient. All 75 implants were placed using a 2-stage surgical approach. The patients were divided into 2 groups, in one of which two fixtures were placed and in the other of which three fixtures were placed with tripodal geometry. Following installation of the ISPs, all patients underwent a baseline examination including evaluation of i) oral hygiene, and ii) periodontal/ peri-implant conditions, and iii) radiographs. These examinations were repeated annually during the 1 or 2-year observation period. The results were as follows: 1.No single implant was lost during the observation follow-up period. 1.The percentage of plaque harboring surfaces and bleeding units upon probing were found to be low (<10%), and no soft tissue complications were recorded. 1.Two-fixture group showed bone destruction ranged from 0.0mm to 1.5mm and the mean was 0.31mm. Three-fixture group showed more bone destruction of 0.51mm. There was no statistically difference between two groups. These results suggested that the factor for success is not the number of fixture but the strict maintenance of peri-implant tissue health and initial stability of fixture.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• v.28 no.2
• /
• pp.95-102
• /
• 2002

DM is a systemic disease with many complications. One of them, diabetic osteopenia is important sequelae and many authors reported reduced bone mass in diabetic rats. However, in mandible, study has been rare because of its anatomical limits. So the objective of this study was to investigate bony change in mandible of diabetic rats. Thirty-two adult rats were used in this study. Half of them were male and female respectively. In sixteen rats, streptozotocin was injected intraperitoneally to induce DM and the serum glucose concentration was checked to ensure the induction of DM prior to the time of sacrifice. At 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16weeks, control group and diabetic group rats were sacrificed respectively. And then bone mineral density of mandibles and femurs of the rats was measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry(DEXA). In addition serum osteocalcin and urine deoxypyridinoline were measured as markers of bone formation and resoption respectively. Mandibular and femoral bone density in streptozotocin induced rats was decreased with significance statistically after 4 weeks from injection. In mandible, comparing with femur, bone density was moderately decreased. The alveolar bone in mandible was more decreased bone density than the whole body in the mandible From these results, bone mineral density decreased in uncontrolled diabetic group with time, and especially alveolar bone was more destructive in the mandible. So authors think that consideration of reduced bone mineral density is necessary in dental procedure.