• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.810-825
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• 2021

This study measured and analyzed clothing pressure at each measurement part of commercial body shapers to provide basic information for product design and clothing pressure standard and level. This study used five body shaper. Clothing pressure measurements were taken at 18points: Anterior area 8points, lateral area 5points, posterior area 5points. The findings of this study were as follows. As a result of measuring the clothing pressure, the body shaper 1 showed the highest pressure, and body shaper 5 showed the lowest pressure at almost of the measurement points of the three body types. In some cases, body shapers 2, 3, and 4 showed different orders of pressure depending on the measurement point. The highest measured values in most body shapers were the P1 shoulder area and the P2 bust area. The lowest measurement area differed by body type, but mainly P3 underbust area, P4 thorax area and P9 axillary area, P11 waist lateral area, P13 hip lateral area. These body shapers showed different results depending on the the manufacturers and body type of middle-aged women, and because there was no standard for the pressure value. Therefore, it is necessary to design a body shaper sizing system after accurately setting the clothing pressure value for each body part of the consumer.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.650-659
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• 2020

The present study provides reference data required for the design of clothing for the elderly by analyzing the body surface area during fitness motion based on 3D scan data of Korean elderly women. This study was conducted with the procedures of (1) survey of motions and main muscles for fitness, (2) acquisition of 3D scan data, and (3) analysis of rate of change for body surface area during fitness motion. Acquisition of 3D body scan data was obtained from seven elderly females (age: 64-77). We selected 66 anatomical landmarks (40 upper body and 22 lower body) by referring to previous studies. Body surface was segmented by connecting the landmarks marked on the 3D scan data acquired. Analysis of body surface area was conducted in terms of the change rate of surface area in 9 postures of elbow 0°, 90° and 180° for flexion, shoulder 90°, 180° for flexion, shoulder 0°, 180° for abduction, hip 90° for flexion, and knee 90° for flexion compared to the those in the standing posture. The amount of changes in body surface area were 12%-62% in the upper body, 15%-77% in the arm, and 10%-51% in the lower body. A future study on the rate of change of body surface length is needed; in addition, a study on how to apply the results of body surface area and body surface length analysis to clothing pattern design is also necessary.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.260-269
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• 2013

This study verifies the direct and indirect causal relationship of sociocultural values related to appearance effect appearance evaluation, body area satisfaction, appearance orientation, and self-esteem that are variables involved in body images. This paper is expected to empirically support the information regarding the path and the relative influence among related-variables and their relational structures. A survey was conducted on 230 women from the ages of 20 to 29 who live in Daegu and Gyeongbuk areas. The data analysis was performed through programs such as AMOS 19.0 and SPSS 19.0 for Windows. The findings are as follows: First, Sociocultural values relating to appearance affect directly body image - appearance evaluation, body area satisfaction, and appearance orientation. Appearance evaluation and appearance orientation were influenced positively; however, body area satisfaction received egative effects. In addition, sociocultural values related to appearance exert relatively stronger influence on appearance orientation. Second, among body images, appearance evaluation and body area satisfaction directly effect self-esteem; however, appearance orientation did not show any direct influence. Appearance evaluation influenced relatively higher on self-esteem. Third, it appeared that appearance evaluation directly affected Appearance orientation. Forth, sociocultural values related to appearance affect self-esteem through body images-appearance evaluation, body area satisfaction, and appearance orientation - as mediators. This confirmed the mediator role of body image between sociocultural values related to appearance and self-esteem.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.12 no.3 s.28
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• pp.277-284
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• 1988

The purpose of study was to measure to body Surface area and the rational rate of Korean adult's women. The subjects are 20 years old to 49 years old women (Their bust width ranges from 74.5 to 101.5 cm, the height from 144.6 to 163.3 cm, the weight from 44.2 to 74.0 kg, Rohrer Index from 1. 02 to 1. 89). As the experimental method, both the gypsum method, by which the shape of body can be copied as it is, and weighing method, from which planed body surface area can be measured with consistant thickness of polypropylene film used. The results were obtained as follows. 1. After dividing the Korean adult's women into four groups (single and married women in their twenties, those in their thirties, those in their fourties). The change of body surface area was reviewed in accordance with age groups. No great difference among age group was showed in whole body surface area. 2. average value of body surface area is 1, 514m^2 and the part of trunk shows the biggest difference to the age groups. 3. After dividing the middle of body into two groups, the relation of symmetry of each parts is reviewed with difference in body surface area. The results shows that the part of head & neck and lower limbs are symmetrical. The part of trunk and upper limbs are unsymmetrical. 4. Regional rates of each part of whole body surface area are follows. head $4.98\%$, each-lobes $0.46\%$, neck $2.01\%$, face$2.48\%$, upper trunk $19.64\%$, lower trunk $13.91\%$, upper armpits $1.76\%$, lower armpits $12.52\%$, hands $4.64\%$, thighs $18.89\%$, lower legs$13.10\%$, feet $6.01\%$.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.69-81
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to find out apparel fit satisfaction according to item(jacket, pants, skirt) by body perception and body satisfaction. This research was done by a survey method. Descriptive Statistics, Pearson's Correlation, Crosstabs were used for data analysis. The results of this study are as follows. 1) Correlation between body perception and body satisfaction : The subjects were less satisfied with larger or thicker girth of upper body. The subjects were less satisfied with thicker upper arm, lower arm, waist and lower abdomen. The subjects were more satisfied with taller height. The subjects were less satisfied with larger or thicker girth of lower body. The subjects were less satisfied with thicker hips. thighs, calves, ankles, and longer crotch length. However, they were more satisfied with longer legs. 2) Apparel fit by body perception and body satisfaction: The subjects who were less satisfied with thicker upper arm, waist, thighs and wider hips were less satisfied with the upper arm area, waist area. hip area of jacket. The subjects who were more satisfied with longer arms were more satisfied with the sleeve length of jacket. The subjects who were less satisfied with wider shoulder width were less satisfied with the upper back width of jacket. It means the shoulder width affected more the upper back width of jacket than shoulder width of jacket. The subjects who were less satisfied with wider hips were less satisfied with the hip area of pants and skirt. The subjects who were less satisfied with thicker thighs were less satisfied with the thigh area and the hip area of pants and skirt. The subjects who were less satisfied with longer crotch length were less satisfied with the crotch length of pants. 3) Difference between actual body and perceived body by Rohrer Index: Rohrer Index 109 calculated by average of the ideal height(165.83cm) and weight(49.78kg) of the subjects ranged in thin body type(below 120). The subjects tended to perceived their bodies fatter than their actual bodies. Also, the subjects tended to perceived their lower bodies fatter than upper bodies.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.338-344
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to find the charateristics of Sasang Constitution, Soeumin, Soyangin and Taeumin from the result of body Circumference ratio. In this study, 324 data of body circumference were measured by body composition analysis. We analyzed the body circumference ratio by Sasang Constitution, Soeumin, Soyangin and Taeumin. Taeumin's body circumference were significantly higher than those of Soeumin and Soyangin. Soyangin's body circumference was significantly higher than that of Soeumin. Male Taeumin's muscle circumference were significantly higher than those of male Soyangin and male Soeumin. Female Taeumin's fat thickness were significantly higher than those of female Soyangin and female Soeumin. Male Soeumin's ratio of hip circumference and neck circumference to abdomen circumference were significantly higher than those of male Taeumin and male Soyangin. Male Taeumin's ratio of hip circumference to abdomen circumference were significantly lower than those of male Soeumin and male Soyangin. Female Taeumin's ratio of hip circumference and chest circumference to abdomen circumference were significantly lower than those of female Taeumin and female Soyangin. In body circumference ratio, Soyangin had no difference among Sasang Constitution. In body circumference ratio, male Soeumin had big lower area ratio and big upper area ratio to lower-middle area. Male Taeumin had big lower-middle area ratio to lower area. Female Taeumin had big lower-middle area ratio to lower area and upper-middle area.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.225-230
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• 2005

This research was undertaken to compare basic bodice prototypes for Internet shopping customer, and to select a profitable fit vacant space quantity between clothing and body. A total one hundred of eighteen outfits (4 types of pattern ${\times}$ 9 subjects ${\times}$5 body areas) were constructed with basic bodice drafting method of Japan Bunka Women's University according to nine male body types. Fifty-two experts analysis of the different prototypes as five body area and evaluate the most appropriate ease amount and stabilization of the simulation images on the computer. The experiments with automated methods using simulation image are based on AZ program of TORAY, Japan. Data was analyzed using percentiles, frequency and $X^2$. Taken together, the present result of vacant space quantity and stability evaluation through images shows that there is a significant difference in the size variation of the chest circumference, shoulder slope and waist circumference. In case of ease amount, chest area, shoulder slope, waist area and armhole except neckline area were shown more appropriate on the basic bodice pattern without size change. In case of stabilization, the chest area, shoulder slope and armhole except waist area and neckline area was shown the best on the basic bodice pattern without size change. However the waist area was shown on the basic bodice pattern plus 2 cm, neckline was shown more appropriate on the basic bodice pattern plus 1cm.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.628-635
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• 2007

We studied the effect of vibratory stimulations of different leg muscles, tibialis anterior(TA) and triceps surae(TS), and plantar zones in ten healthy subjects during 1) quiet standing, 2) forward lean of body, 3) backward lean of body, 4) right lean of body, and 5) left lean of body. The experiments were performed on the force platform. The effect of vibration were measured by monitoring the area of COP(Center of pressure) sway. The subjects wore a vibratory stimulation system on foot and ankles and were given the instruction not to resist against the applied perturbations. The results show that all vibratory stimulations to lower limb muscles and plantar zones reduced the COP sway area. This reduction of the COP sway area occurred also in partial vibratory stimulations during quiet standing. In forward lean of body, vibratory stimulations to TA reduced the COP sway area. During backward lean of body, vibratory stimulations to TS reduced the COP sway area. When the subject was tilted right, vibratory stimulations to left plantar zone reduced the COP sway area. During left lean of body, vibratory stimulations to right plantar zone reduced the COP sway area. Thus, the influence of vibratory stimulations to leg muscle and plantar zones differed significantly depending on the lean of body. We suggest that the vibration stimuli from leg muscles and plantar zones could be selectively used to help maintaining postural balance stable.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.2 no.5
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• pp.391-397
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• 2000

The purpose of the present research is to determine, for a sample of female college students, the effects of body-cathexis and importance of ideal body image on satisfaction with ready-to-wear. The sample included 177 female college students aged from 18 to 25. To measure the variables, an instrument was developed based on previous studies. Body-cathexis and importance of meeting the ideal body image were measured for five areas of body parts; head/upper body, lower body, height, weight, and torso. Satisfaction with ready-to-wear includes satisfaction with the fit at pant length, thighs, hips, waist, bust, and neckline, and with the variety in ready-to-wear. Research hypotheses were tested using multiple regression. The results showed that there was a positive impact of body-cathexis for a specific body area on ready-to-wear satisfaction which is related to the body area. The effect of importance of meeting the ideal body image on ready-to-wear clothing was different in regard to different areas of body parts.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.156-162
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• 2017

This paper investigates two-hop extension communication in wireless body area networks. Many previous studies have demonstrated that two-hop extended topology outperforms single-hop topology. Although many researchers have proposed using two-hop extension communication to improve link reliability, no one has considered using a relay selection algorithm or provided a suitable solution for wireless body area networks. The design goal of the proposed algorithm is selecting a proper relay node to retransmit failed packets distributively. The proposed algorithm configures the carrier sensing period to choose one relay node promptly without requiring additional interaction. We analyze the link conditions corresponding to various body postures and investigate which factors are proper to determine the carrier sensing period. The empirical results show that the proposed algorithm reduces the expected number of transmissions required to deliver a packet successfully.