• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.23-31
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• 2023

PURPOSE: This study examined the anthropometric and clinical risk factors and the prevalence of sarcopenia in women aged 40 to 49 years. METHODS: The study design is a cross-sectional research and a total of 2,055 participants were included. The participants were divided into two groups based on their skeletal muscle mass index score. One hundred and twenty-six individuals were assigned to a sarcopenia group, and 1,939 were assigned to a normal group. The following variables were analyzed: age, height, weight, body mass index, waist circumference, skeletal muscle mass index anthropometric measure, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, blood laboratory tests, fasting glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol, and smoking and drinking smoking statuses. RESULTS: The prevalence of sarcopenia was 6.5% (95% CI: 5.33-7.92). Anthropometric variables, such as height, BMI, and waist circumference, showed significance differences between the two groups (p < .05), except for weight variable (p > .05). In terms of blood pressure and blood lab tests, the systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, triglyceride, and total cholesterol were all significant risk factors for sarcopenia in the two groups. (p < .05). CONCLUSION: This study identified risk factors and the prevalence of sarcopenia among community-dwelling middle-aged women.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.30 no.10
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• pp.1435-1441
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• 2017

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the effect of adding water to total mixed ration (TMR) on fresh water intake, nutrient digestibility, wool cortisol, and blood indices in Corriedale ewes under hot and humid conditions. Methods: Nine non-pregnant Corriedale ewes (ave. body weight = $41{\pm}3.5kg$) were individually fed diets based on maintenance requirements in metabolic crates. Ewes were assigned to three treatment groups according to a triplicate $3{\times}3$ Latin Square design for 3 periods of 21 days duration each (9 ewes per treatment, 27 replications). Treatments were TMR (crude protein [CP] = 16.1, total digestible nutrients = 69.1%) moisture levels for 40%, 50%, and 60%. Results: No differences were found in body weight gain among all treatment groups (p>0.05). Nitrogen balance including digestible N, retained N, and urinary and fecal N showed no change among the treatment groups (p>0.05). Fresh water intake was the lower in 50% TMR moisture group than in the other groups (p<0.05). Other than ether extract which was higher in 60% TMR moisture group (p<0.05) the differences among nutrient digestibilities including CP, organic matter, dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, and non-fiber carbohydrate were not significant (p>0.05). No significant difference was observed for serum protein, blood urea nitrogen, glucose, and triglyceride among the treatment groups (p>0.05). Wool and blood cortisol were not different among the treatment groups (p>0.05). Blood hematology including red blood cell, white blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, basophils, and eosinophils were not different among the treatment groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: It is concluded that TMR moisture at 40%, 50%, and 60% had no effects on N balance parameters, and nutrient digestibilities except for the ether extract under hot and humid conditions. Additionally there were no effects on stress conditions include wool cortisol, as well as blood cortisol levels of ewes.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.339-350
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• 1992

This study was performed to investigate the effect on polyunsaturate fatty acid diets and feeding periods on the antithrombosis. the hematological changes in the blood and fatty acid compositions of platelets in rats. Each group of rats was fed a diet containing 20%(W/W) corn oil beef tallow sardine oil and the general stock diet for 10, 20. 40 and 80 days. Rats fed sardine oil diet showed significantly longer bleeding time than any other diet groups after 20 days feeding The whole blood clotting time of sardine oil group fed for 80 days was increased significantly. The number of platelet and the concentration of hemoglobin showed no significant difference among all groups. The number of white blood cell was decreased continously in sardine oil group after 10 days feeding. The level of malondialdehyde generation during thrombin-induced aggregation of platelets was decreased continously in sardine oil grou after 20 days feeding. With regard to the composition of platelet fatty acid the ratio of eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA 20: 5 $\omega$-3) to arachidonic acid(AA 20:4 $\omega$-6) was increased in sardine oil group but decreased in corn oil groups and beef tallow groups with days. In conclusion the rats fed sardine oil diet for more than 20 days showed the fact that EPA induced the antithrombosis. the changes in number of white blood cell and the fatty acid composition of platelets.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.61 no.1
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• pp.6.1-6.6
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• 2021

Opuntia ficus-indica has traditionally been used in prevention and treatment of various diseases such as diabetes mellitus. The current study was performed to determine whether Opuntia ficus-indica is associated with diabetes. Diabetic rat models were induced with streptozotocin (STZ). This study divided rats into 1 day (short-term) and 4 consecutive weeks (long-terms) of daily administration. These groups were subdivided into four groups each other for assessment of blood glucose level as follows: Group 1, untreated rats given distilled water; Group 2, untreated rats given Opuntia ficus-indica; Group 3, STZ-induced diabetic rats given distilled water; Group 4, STZ-induced diabetic rats given Opuntia ficus-indica. Blood glucose level was measured for one day and four weeks. In addition, serum markers of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), cholesterol, and creatinine were determined, and total protein triglycerides were measured at four weeks. Blood glucose level was highest in both groups (Group 3 and Group 4) at 30 minutes and two weeks and gradually decreased in a time-dependent manner. The difference in blood glucose among the four groups was significant (p < 0.05). Additionally, the levels of ALT, AST and triglycerides were significantly decreased by Opuntia ficus-indica.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of blood flow restriction bridge exercise on leg muscle thickness and balance. In addition, it is to promote blood flow restriction exercise as the basis for early prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of sarcopenia in clinical practice. Methods: Twenty elderly women aged 65 years or older were selected to participate in this study. The subjects were divided into two groups of 10: one with blood flow restriction with bridge exercise (BFRG) and the other with bridge exercise alone (BG). As for the exercise method, the thickness of rectus femoris and vastus medialis and Berg balance scale were investigated by intervention for 30 minutes a day, 3 times a week, for a total of 6 weeks. Results: There was significant difference in the thickness of the rectus femoris and vastus medial and within-group changes in the Berg balance scale (p <0.05) before and after the experiment in the BFRG and BG groups (p<0.05). There was a significant difference in change between the two groups (p <0.05). Conclusion: There was a significant difference in the intragroup change of the Berg balance scale in the BFRG before and after the experiment, but there was no significant difference in the BG, and there was no significant difference in the change between the two groups.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.31-39
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of general exercise after blood flow restriction on trunk muscles thickness in children with spastic cerebral palsy. Methods: Twenty children with cerebral palsy were assigned randomly to an experimental (n = 10) or a control (n = 10) group. The experimental group performed general exercise after blood flow restriction, while the control group performed general exercise alone. The study used an ultrasonic instrument to measure trunk muscles thickness. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to determine differences before and after treatment, and the Mann-Whitney U test was used to determine differences between treatment groups. Results: From a comparison within the groups, the experimental and control groups showed significant difference in trunk muscle thickness after the experiment (p < 0.05). In a comparison between the two groups, the experimental group showed more significant difference in trunk muscle thickness than the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Based on these results, general exercise after blood flow restriction effectively improves trunk muscle thickness in children with cerebral palsy.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.17
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• pp.7459-7465
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• 2014

Background: A prior study showed blood type A/AB to be associated with an increased risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) compared to subjects with blood type O. However, the relationship between ABO blood groups and prognosis of NPC patients is still questionable. In addition, whether Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection is associated with prognosis of NPC patients with different ABO blood groups is unclear. Materials and Methods: We conducted univariate and multivariable Cox regression analyses based on a consecutive cohort of 1,601 patients to investigate the above issues. Results: There was no significant difference in overall survival (OS) between different ABO blood groups (p=0.629), neither between A vs. non-A blood groups (p=0.895) nor AB vs. non-AB blood group (p=0.309) in univariate analyses and after adjusting for other factors. Interaction tests revealed that high immunoglobulin A against Epstein-Barr virus viral capsid antigen (VcA-IgA) level was associated with a favorable prognosis in male patients with UICC stage II disease who had an A blood type (p=0.008), compared with those with non-A blood type. In addition, male patients with an A blood group with a high blood lymphocyte level showeda tendency towards better survival in UICC stage III (p=0.096). Conclusions: ABO blood group status is not associated with the prognosis of patients with NPC. Additionally, blood group A male NPC patients with high VcA-IgA level or high blood lymphocyte counts might be correlated with a favorable prognosis in UICC stage II or III, respectively.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.1415-1418
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• 2014

The ABO blood group has been recently proposed to influence development of oral cancer. The aim ofthis study was to evaluate the association between the type of ABO blood group and oral cancer. In a case-control study, 104 patients with oral cancer were compared with 90 blood donors without cancer as controls. Data regarding the patient demographics, blood groups, Rh status, cancer characteristics and oral habits were also compared between two subgroups of squamous and non-squamous oral cancers. For statistical analysis, Chi-square test, t-student Test and Logistic Regression were used to analyze the relationship between ABO blood groups and oral cancer. The frequency of blood group B was significantly higher in oral cancer patients than controls (32% vs 13%) (p value=0.01), but Rh factor did not show significant difference between cases and controls. According to Logistic Regression, people with blood group B and those older than 50 had 3.5 and 19.4 times elevated risk of developing oral cancer, respectively. The frequency of squamous cell cancer was also significantly higher in men and people older than 50. On the other hand, females, people under 50, and those with blood group B were at 5.6, 2.9 and 4.3 times higher risk of developing non-squamous cell oral cancer,respectively. People with blood group B are at a greater risk of developing oral cancer, and female patients under 50 years of age with blood group B have the highest risk to develop non-squamous cell oral cancer.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.177-182
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• 2003

This study was carried out to understand the effects of Bambusae Caulis in Liquamen on blood sugar in the db/db mice. Refined Bambusae Caulis in Liquamen C. D(BCL.C. D)manufactured by high temperature production process and Bambusae Caulis in Liquamen(H-BCL) manufactured & distributed by HANLIM PHARM.COM., LTD were used. The Bambusae Caulis in Liquamen extracted from bamboo charooal manufacturing process was filtered and refined. The effects of Bambusae Caulis in Liquamen were administered orally to mice for 6weeks and its anti-diabetic effect examined. The effects of BCL.C. D and H-BCL were observed in terms of blood sugar. creatinine. BUN and GPT in db/db mice. The results were as follows : The amount of glucose was slightly decreased (P<0.05) in the B CL.C-treated groups compared with the control. The amount of glucose was significantly decreased (P<0.01) in the BCL.D and H-BCL-treated groups compared with the control. The amount of creatinine did not show any differences among four groups. The amount of blood urea nitrogen did not show any differences in the case of BCL.C-treated groups. but observed significant decrease in the case of BCL.D and H-BCL-treated groups. The amount of GPT did not show any differences in the case of BCL.D-treated groups. but observed significant increase in the case of BCL.C and H-BCL-treated groups.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.411-418
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• 2020

Background Excessive bleeding is one of the most severe complications of orthognathic surgery (OGS). This study investigated the associations of intraoperative blood loss and surgical time with the direction of maxillary movement. Methods This retrospective study involved patients who underwent OGS from October 2017 to February 2020. They were classified based on whether maxillary setback was performed into groups A1 and B1, respectively. Relative blood loss (RBL, %) was used as an indicator to compare intraoperative blood loss between the two groups. The surgical time of the two groups was also measured. Subsequently, the patients were reclassified based on whether posterior impaction of the maxilla was performed into groups A2 and B2, respectively. RBL and surgical time were measured in the two groups. Simple linear and multiple regression analyses were performed. P-values <0.05 were considered to indicate statistical significance. Results Eighteen patients were included. The RBL and surgical time for the groups were: A1, 13.15%±5.99% and 194.37±42.04 minutes; B1, 12.41%±1.89% and 196.50±46.07 minutes; A2, 13.94%±3.82% and 201.00±39.70 minutes; and B2, 9.61%±3.27% and 188.84±38.63 minutes, respectively. Only RBL showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups (A2 and B2, P=0.04). Conclusions Unlike maxillary setback, posterior impaction of the maxilla showed a significant association with RBL during surgery. When performing posterior impaction of the maxilla, clinicians need to pay particular attention to surgery and postoperative care.