• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.246-251
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• 2003

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is composed of the brain capillaries, which are lined by endothelial cells displaying extremely tight intercellular junctions. Several attempts at creating an in vitro model of the BBB have been met with moderate success as brain capillary endothelial cells lose their barrier properties when isolated in cell culture. This may be due to a lack of recreation of the in vivo endothelial cellular environment in these models, including nearly constant contact with astrocyte foot processes. This work is motivated by the hypothesis that growing endothelial cells on one side of an ultra-thin, highly porous membrane and differentiating astrocyte or astrogliomal cells on the opposite side will lead to a higher degree of interaction between the two cell types and therefore to an improved model. Here we describe our initial efforts towards testing this hypothesis including a procedure for membrane fabrication and methods for culturing endothelial cells on these membranes. We have fabricated a 1 $\mu\textrm{m}$ thick, 2.0 $\mu\textrm{m}$ pore size, and 55% porous membrane with a very narrow pore size distribution from low-stress silicon nitride (SiN) utilizing techniques from the microelectronics industry. We have developed a base, acid, autoclave routine that prepares the membranes for cell culture both by cleaning residual fabrication chemicals from the surface and by increasing the hydrophilicity of the membranes (confirmed by contact angle measurements). Gelatin, fibronectin, and a 50/50 mixture of the two proteins were evaluated as potential basement membrane protein treatments prior to membrane cell seeding. All three treatments support adequate attachment and growth on the membranes compared to the control.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.227-233
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• 1992

Out of twenty rabbits which died of rabbit hemorrhagic disease spontaneously occurring in Korea, five animals had a concurrent infection with Encephalitozoon cuniculi in the cerebrum. The lesions were composed of granulomas, leptomeningitis and perivascular cuffing with mononuclear cells. The granulomas consisted of a central necrotic focus surrounded by an infiltration with plasma cells, lymphocytes and macrophages. Gliosis was associated with the granulomas. Gram-positive organisms were detected in the cerebrum from two rabbits. They were oval to rod-shaped with blunt round ends. The distribution of the pathogens was investigated by the direct avidin-biotin peroxidase complex method. They were present in pseudocysts and macrophages. Pseudocysts were found in the granulomas as well as the neuropil without cellular reactions. Some organisms were present within reticulo-endothelial cells of blood capillaries and macrophages in the subarachnoid spaces. These organisms had ultrastructural characteristics consistent with Encephalitozoon cuniculi.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.638-641
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• 2001

Carboplatin intra-arterial chemotherapy(IAC) has an advantage of increased uptake during the first passage of the drugs through tumor capillaries. Although not common, this type of therapy is known to cause neurological complications, myelosuppression, and ototoxicity. However, the incidence of ocular toxicity is reported to be rare. Eleven of our patients with glioma(Grade II Astrocytoma : 3, Grade III Astrocytoma : 1, Grade IV Astrocytoma : 5, Gliofibroma : 1, Oligodendroglioma : 1) underwent IAC regimen with carboplatin($300mg/m^2$) which were administrated after blood-brain barrier disruption. Of there, 3 patients had ocular complications after supra-ophthalmic IAC injection of carboplatin but fully recovered following steroid therapy. Although our results from IAC seem to be favorable for these patients, we suggest that its complications, such as ocular toxicity, need to be carefully considered prior to treatment.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.128-131
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• 2007

This study was carried out to investigate inhibitory effect of extracts from Artemisia capillaris Thumb. on maltase, sucrase, ${\alpha}-amylase$, nonspecific ${\alpha}-glucosidase$, and postprandial hyperglycemia. Methanol extract and organic solvent (n-hexane, ethyl acetate, butanol, aqueous) fractions from the medicinal herb were determined for the inhibitory activities against maltase, sucrase and ${\alpha}-amylase$. The methanol extract from A. capillaris strongly inhibited maltase (57%) and ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ (72%) at the concentration of 100 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$. Among the four fractions (n-hexane, ethyl acetate, butanol, aqueous) examined, the butanol fraction from A. capillaris showed potent inhibitory effects on maltase (73%), sucrase (33%), and ${\alpha}-amylase$ (75%) at the concentration of 100 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$. The butanol fraction from Artemisia capillaris also exhibited significant reductions (20%) of blood glucose elevation in mice loaded with maltose. These results suggest that the extract from Artemisia capillaris can be used as a new nutraceutical for inhibition on postprandial hyperglycemia

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2000

왕종개 Iksookimia longicorpus 피부 및 피부샘 (skin gland)의 구조와 그들의 세포화학적 특징을 조사하기 위해 등, 측면, 복부, 머리부분 등 4부분을 조사하였다. 왕종개의 표피 (epidermis)는 작은 점액세포 (mucous cell)와 커다란 club cell의 2 type의 gland가 분포하였다. 특히 mucous cell의 성분은 acidic sulfomucins이었으나 club cell은 점액물질 (mucosubstance) test에 전혀 반응을 나타내지 않았다. 표피의 기저층 (stratum germinativum)에는 림파구를 가지는 lymphocytic space가 잘 발달되어 있으며, 기저막 (basement membrane) 바로 아래에는 많은 양의 모세혈관들이 서로 가깝게 분포하였다. 진피 (dermis)의 stratum laxum에는 alcian blue와 PAS 반응에서 양성반응을 보이는 부분 (a definite area)이 존재하였다.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.50-57
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• 2008

Pulmonary hypertension is an increase in blood pressure in the pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein or pulmonary capillaries. Depending on the cause, pulmonary hypertension can be a severe disease with markedly decreased exercise tolerance and right-sided heart failure. Pulmonary hypertension can present as one of five different types: arterial, venous, hypoxic, thromboembolic, or miscellaneous. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with severe pulmonary hypertension is a rare disease. A 52-year-old man presented with a complaint of aggravating dyspnea. The mean pulmonary arterial pressure was 61.5 mmHg by Doppler echocardiogram. The patient was prescribed diuretics, digoxin, bronchodilator, sildenafil, bosentan and an oxygen supply. However, he ultimately died of cor pulmonale. Thus, diagnosis and early combination therapy are important.

• 대한의용생체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한의용생체공학회 1997년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.71-74
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• 1997

MR acoustic sound or noise due to gradient pulsings has been one of the problems in MRI, both in patient scanning as well as in many areas of psychiatric and neuroscience research, such as brain fMRI. Especially in brain fMRI, sound noise is one of the serious noise sources which obscures the small signals obtainable from the subtle changes occurring in oxygenation status in the cortex and blood capillaries. Therefore, we have studied the effects of acoustic or sound noise arising in fMR imaging of the auditory, motor and visual cortices. The results show that the acoustical noise effects on motor and visual responses are opposite. That is, for the motor activity, it shows an increased total motor activation while for the visual stimulation, corresponding (visual) cortical activity has diminished substantially when the subject is exposed to a loud acoustic sound. Although the current observations are preliminary and require more experimental confirmation, it appears that the observed acoustic-noise effects on brain unctions, such as in the motor and visual cortices, are new observations and could have significant consequences in data observation and interpretation in future fMRI studies.

• 약학회지
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.108-115
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• 2001

We have recently reported the development of a high efficiency expression vector, pCK, which can drive a high level of gene expression in mouse skeletal muscle. In this study, we tested the therapeutic potential of pCK expressing human VEGF165, pCK-VEGF in the rabbit ischemic hind limb model. To determine the optimal dose of plasmid DNA, various concentrations of pCK-CAT were injected into the muscle of a rabbit hind limb and the levels of CAT activity were determined. It was found that the expression level of the exogenously added gene became stable between 250 and 1,000 $\mu$g. Based on this result, we tested whether intramuscular transfer of 500$\mu$g of pCK-VEGF could actually modulate collateral vessel development in a rabbit ischemic hind limb model. It was found that relative to the control group injected with the pCK lacking the VEGF sequence, single intramuscular doses (500$\mu$g) of pCK-VEGF produced statistically significant augmentation of collateral vessels as determined by the angiographic vessel count, maximal blood flow by Doppler flowmeter and the number of capillaries by histology. These results suggest that a single 500$\mu$g-delivery of pCK-VEGF is potent enough to induce sufficient angiogenic activity and achieve therapeutic benefit on this rabbit model.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제40권6호
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• pp.235-241
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the body temperature peripheral circulation with vibration shoes in healthy 10 adults. The magnetic vibration device with non-electric power was mounted in the midsole of the vibration shoes. The experiment was divided into two groups: vibration shoes and no vibration shoes. Subjects were randomly selected and measured body surface temperature by digital infrared thermal imaging (DITI) and non-invasive capillaries change by nailfold microscope (NFM). After walking in a treadmill for 15 minutes at 4.0 km/h speed wearing normal shoes or vibration shoes, DITI and NFM were measured. The walking with vibration shoes showed the body surface temperature shift from the proximal to the distal. In addition, the diameter of the nailfold capillary in the vibration shoes group was thicker and clearer due to the increased blood flow than that of the no vibration shoes group. The vibration shoes are easy to apply to anyone who can walk because it can give vibration stimulation by walking without additional time, cost, and effort in daily life. Further studies are needed to explain the physiological effects of vibration frequency and intensity on the long-term perspective of target subjects resulting from vascular dysfunction.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.747-751
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• 1993

During the period from April 1991 to July 1992 clinical, hematological, and pathohistological findings of Holstein-friesian calves 47 with bovine leukocyte adhesion deficiency(BLAD, immunologically ascertained), which were referzed to the clinic for diseases of cattle, veterinary school, Hannover, were described. Most cases show poor body condition, rough and dry in haircoat, salivation, gingivitis, reduction of gingiva and alveolar bone, exposing the incisors' necks, loss of teeth, phlegmonous subcutaneous swellings, ulcerated tongue, recurang fever, coughing, dyspnea, pharyngeal and laryngeal stertor, periodical diarrhea, impaired swallowing, placid and less painsensitive. Relevant laboratory findings are persistent leucocytosis(with more than 30,000 up to 150,000 cells per $mm^3$ of blood), marked neutrophilia(without "shift to the left"), hyperproteinemia, and hypergammaglobulinemia. At post-mortem the carcass of BLAD-affected calves is usually emaciated. All lymphnodes of the respiratory and gastrointestinal tract appear markedly activated(swollen). Lesions in the mouth(gingivitis, defective dentition, pulpitis/alveolar paraodontitis, ulcerated tongue), throat and larynx(inflammation/ulceration), and lungs(pneumonic foci) correspond to the clinical symptoms seen on the living animal. There may be ulcers on the prestomachal mucosa, hyperemia of the intestinal mucosa with hyperplasia of Peyer's patches, ulceration and/or intramural abscesses. The spleen shows follicular hyperplasia. Microscopically, both myeloand erythropoesis are markedly activated in the bone marrow ; capillaries in many organs show leucocytostasis.