• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제18권10호
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• pp.110-115
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• 2019

Stationary and rotating blades can be found in a steam turbine generator and the airfoil shapes of these blades can be defined by point data from an aerodynamic design system. The main design process of blades is composed of two steps: first, the blade surface is modeled with the point data; and then, the section data is generated which contains composite curves with line segments and arcs for CAE of the blade. The surface is modeled by a curve-net defined by the point data, which may be extended to obtain the section data to model the blade. This paper presents methods for automating the above-mentioned steps, which have been implemented in the commercial CAD/CAM system, Unigraphics, with API functions written in C-language. Finally, the proposed methods have been applied to model the blade of a steam turbine generator.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.703-720
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• 2020

This paper investigates the safety of the wind turbine blade against excessive deformation. For this purpose, the performance of the blade in the along-wind direction is improved by longitudinal stiffener made of shape memory alloy. The rationale behind the selection of this smart material is due to its ability to offer excellent thermo-mechanical behaviour at low strain. Here, Liang-Roger model is adopted for vibration control, and the super-elastic effects are utilised for blade stiffening. Turbulent wind fields are generated at the hub height using TurbSim and the corresponding loads are evaluated using blade element momentum theory. An efficient switching algorithm is developed along with performance curves that enable the designer to select an optimal mode of heating depending upon the operational scenario. Numerical results presented in this paper clearly demonstrate the performance envelope of the proposed stiffener and its influence on the reliability of the blade.

• International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.317-323
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• 2011

Mini centrifugal pumps having a diameter smaller than 100mm are employed in many fields; automobile radiator pump, ventricular assist pump, cooling pump for electric devices and so on. Further, the needs for mini centrifugal pumps would become larger with the increase of the application of it for electrical machines. It is desirable that the mini centrifugal pump design be as simple as possible as precise manufacturing is required. But the design method for the mini centrifugal pump is not established because the internal flow condition for these small-sized fluid machines is not clarified and conventional theory is not suitable for small-sized pumps. Therefore, we started research on the mini centrifugal pump for the purpose of development of high performance mini centrifugal pumps with simple structure. Three types of rotors with different outlet angles are prepared for an experiment. The performance tests are conducted with these rotors in order to investigate the effect of the outlet angle on performance and internal flow condition of mini centrifugal pumps. In addition to that, the blade thickness is changed because blockage effect in the mini centrifugal pump becomes relatively larger than that of conventional pumps. On the other hand, a three dimensional steady numerical flow analysis is conducted with the commercial code (ANSYS-Fluent) to investigate the internal flow condition. It is clarified from the experimental results that head of the mini centrifugal pump increases according to the increase of the blade outlet angle and the decrease of the blade thickness. In the present paper, the performance of the mini centrifugal pump is shown and the internal flow condition is clarified with the results of the experiment and the numerical flow analysis. Furthermore, the effects of the blade outlet angle and the blade thickness on the performance are investigated and the internal flow of each type of rotor is clarified by the numerical analysis results.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.11-16
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• 2007

This paper describes the cycloidal wind turbine, which is a straight blade vertical axis wind turbine using the cycloidal blade system. Cycloidal blade system consists of several blades rotating about an axis in parallel direction. Each blade changes its pitch angle periodically. Cycloidal wind turbine is different from the previous turbines. The wind turbine operates with optimum rotating forces through active control of the blade to change pitch angle and phase angle according to the changes of wind direction and wind speed. Various numerical experiments were conducted to develop a small vertical axis wind turbine of 1 kW class. For this numerical analysis, the rotor system equips four blades consisting of a symmetric airfoil NACA0018 of 1.0m in span, 0.22m in chord and 1.0m in radius. A general purpose commercial CFD program, STAR-CD, was used for numerical analysis. PCL of MSC/PATRAN was used for efficient parametric auto mesh generation. Variables of wind speed, pitch angle, phase angle and rotating speed were set in the numerical experiments. The generated power was obtained according to the various combinations of these variables. Optimal pitch angle and phase angle of cycloidal blade system were obtained according to the change of the wind direction and the wind speed. Based on data obtained from the above analysis, control device was designed. The wind direction and the wind speed were sensed by a wind indicator and an anemometer. Each blades were actuated to optimal performance values by servo motors.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제30권8호
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• pp.103-111
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• 2002

열하중과 원심력을 고려한 발전용 터빈 블레이드의 정상 상태 크리프 해석을 수행하였다. 3차원 터빈 블레이드 유한 요소 모델에 대하여 크리프 변형률과 응력을 계산하고 수치적 방법에 의해 크리프 수명을 예측하였다. 약 200시간 정도의 크리프 해석 결과 GTD111 터빈 블레이드는 아직 파손 응력에 도달하지 않았으며, 크리프 응력은 시간이 경과함에 따라 점차 이완되고 있다. 터빈 블레이드의 최대 크리프 변형률은 익형의 압력면 끝단에서 발생하며 수치적 방법에 의해 약 50,000 시간 이후에 파손 변형률에 도달할 것이다. 따라서 현재 터빈의 기동 중 블레이드는 크리프에 의한 손상을 입지 않는다.

• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.389-395
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• 2017

본 논문은 주 블레이드 각도와 보조 블레이드 각도를 변화 주어서 ANSYS 유동해석 시뮬레이션 프로그램을 이용하여 최적의 조건을 찾고자 하였다. $45^{\circ}$로 주 블레이드 각도를 변경한 Shape 4는 주 블레이드 각도를 $0^{\circ}$로 한 Shape들 보다 효율은 110% ~ 250% 증가하고, 출력은 157.2% ~ 263.2% 증가했다. 그리고 주 블레이드의 Fin 크기를 2배 크게 변경한 Shape 5의 출력은 Shape 4에 비해 27.5%, Shape 1에 비해 70.8% 증가하였다. Case 구조에서 주 블레이드 형상이 Shape 1로서 동일한 경우에는 Case 1은 Case 2보다 효율은 15.4%, 출력은 13.3% 증가하였다. 그리고 $45^{\circ}$로 보조 블레이드 각도를 한 경우, 주 블레이드 형상이 핀 형태보다 벤디드 형태가 우수하였다. Case 4는 Case 1보다 47%, Case 3보다 13.6% 출력이 증가하였고, 효율은 Case 1보다 46.7%, Case 3보다 15.8% 증가하였다.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.452-458
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• 2013

풍력 발전 블레이드에서 손상 발생 및 진전을 모니터링하기 위한 임피던스 기법에 대한 고찰을 하였다. 본 연구에서는 PVDF 필름 피에조 센서를 제작하여 10 kW 급 풍력 발전 블레이드에 부착하여 피로하중의 부하에 따른 임피던스 신호를 1-200 MHz 주파수 영역에서 측정하였다. 피로하중을 부하함에 따라 블레이드의 처짐과 국부적인 변형률의 변화가 발생하였고, 임피던스 신호의 패턴에서의 변화를 감지할 수 있었다. 임피던스와 변형률 그리고 처짐 신호로부터 블레이드의 국부적인 손상 혹은 기하학적 변화가 발생하였음을 알 수 있었다. 임피던스 신호의 정성적인 비교를 정량적으로 비교하기 위하여 통계적인 접근으로 스칼라 손상 지수 M을 사용하였다. 피로 하중의 부하와 센서 위치에 따른 지수 M을 계산할 수 있었고, 이들 값을 비교하여 지수와 손상을 상관지을 수 있었다.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제50권5호
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• pp.282-290
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• 2013

The effects of the combination of blade number for forward and after propeller on the propeller shaft forces of a contra-rotating propeller (CRP) system are presented in the paper. The research is performed through the numerical simulations based on the Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes equations (RANS). The simulation results of the present method in open water condition are validated comparing with the experimental data as well as the other numerical simulation results based on the potential method for 4-0-4 CRP (3686+3687A) and 4-0-5 CRP (3686+3849) of DTNSRDC. Two sets of CRP are designed and simulated to study the effect of the combination of blade number in behind-hull condition. One set consists of 3-blade and 4-blade, while the other is 4-blade and 4-blade. A full hull body submerged under the free surface is modeled in the computational domain to simulate directly the wake field of the ship at the propeller plane. From the simulation results, the fluctuations of axial force and moment are dominant in the case of same blade numbers for forward and after propellers, whereas the fluctuations of horizontal and vertical forces and moments are very large in the case of different blade numbers.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.414-421
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• 2001

The present study is conducted to investigate the local heat/mass transfer characteristics on the shroud with blade tip clearances. The relative motion between blade and shroud has little influence on the overall heat transfer characteristics, except some local effects. Therefore, the relative motion between the blade and shroud is neglected in this study. A naphthalene sublimation method is employed to determine the detailed local heat/mass transfer coefficients on the surface of the shroud. The tip clearance is changed from 0.66% to 2.85% of the blade chord length. The flow enters the gap between the blade tip and shroud at the pressure side due to the pressure difference. Therefore, the heat/mass transfer characteristics on the shroud are changed significantly from those with endwall. At first, high heat/mass transfer occurs along the profile of blade at the pressure side due to the entrance effect and acceleration of the gap flow. Then, the heat/mass transfer coefficients on the shroud increase along the suction side of the blade because tip leakage vortices are generated and interact with the main flow. The results show that the heat/mass transfer characteristics are changed largely with the gap distance between the tip of turbine blade and the shroud.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.507-535
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• 2017

In the strong wind shutdown state, the blade position significantly affects the streaming behavior and stability performance of wind turbine towers. By selecting the 3M horizontal axis wind turbine independently developed by Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics as the research object, the CFD method was adopted to simulate the flow field of the tower-blade system at eight shutdown positions within a single rotation period of blades. The effectiveness of the simulation method was validated by comparing the simulation results with standard curves. In addition, the dynamic property, aerostatic response, buckling stability and ultimate bearing capacity of the wind turbine system at different shutdown positions were calculated by using the finite element method. On this basis, the influence regularity of blade shutdown position on the wind-induced response and stability performance of wind turbine systems was derived, with the most unfavorable working conditions of wind-induced buckling failure of this type of wind turbines concluded. The research results implied that within a rotation period of the wind turbine blade, when the blade completely overlaps the tower (Working condition 1), the aerodynamic performance of the system is the poorest while the aerostatic response is relatively small. Since the influence of the structure's geometrical nonlinearity on the system wind-induced response is small, the maximum displacement only has a discrepancy of 0.04. With the blade rotating clockwise, its wind-induced stability performance presents a variation tendency of first-increase-then-decrease. Under Working condition 3, the critical instability wind speed reaches its maximum value, while the critical instability wind speed under Working condition 6 is the smallest. At the same time, the coupling effect between tower and blade leads to a reverse effect which can significantly improve the ultimate bearing capacity of the system. With the reduction of the area of tower shielded by blades, this reverse effect becomes more obvious.