• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.322-328
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• 2001

To assess the quality characteristics of black-goat meat extracts and to develop their quality index, the ingredient ratio, manufacturing process and general composition of black-goat meat extracts were investigated. A partial meat of black-goat had high protein content(20.2∼21.6%) and low lipid content (1.9∼3.3%). The crude protein contents, 3.5∼6.1%, of black-goat meat extracts had a high correlation (r=0.88, p<0.01) with black-goat meat content and the soluble solid content had a high correlation (r=0.87. p<0.01) with the subsidiary material content. Two commercial products had total bacteria of 10$^1$∼10$^2$ cfu/ ml. showing the necessity of pressure sterilization of final process.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.157-166
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• 2015

골기능 개선용 흑염소 액상제품을 개발하기 기초연구로서 흑염소 및 약용식물 복합추출물이 MG-63 조골세포 및 마우스 골수세포 유래 파골세포의 분화에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 흑염소 원료육의 일반성분, 휘발성 염기질소, 무기질함량, 유리아미노산 조성 및 지방산 조성 등의 영양성분을 분석하여 기초자료를 마련하였다. 흑염소에 첨가할 약용식물의 종류와 배합을 달리한 두 그룹의 한약재 첨가군에 대해 증탕추출액과 증류액을 제조하여 총 6개 시료군 (흑염소육 (BG-E, BG-D), 6종 한약재 첨가군 (BG-E6, BG-D6) 및 8종 한약재 첨가군 (BG-E8, BG-D8)을 대상으로 골강화 활성을 분석하였다. 식품공전상 식품의 원료로 사용이 가능한 원료 중 황기, 홍화씨, 당귀, 황정, 속단, 우슬 각각 2/2/2/2/1/1의 배합비를 지닌 한약재 6종 첨가군 및 동일배합에 녹용과 녹각을 각각 0.3/1.2 로 추가배합한 한약재 8종 첨가군을 사용하였다. 조골세포 MG-63의 증식 촉진 활성에 대해 시료별 및 농도별로 유의적인 차이가 나타났으며 한약재 무첨가 흑염소군보다 6종 및 8종 등 한약재 첨가량이 많을수록 활성이 증가하였다. 증탕추출액과 달리 증류액은 모두 유의한 효과가 없었다. 조골세포의 골석회화 촉진활성시험 결과 대조군에 비해 모든 시료 처리군에서 칼슘함량이 유의적으로 증가하여 MG-63 세포의 석회화 결절 형성을 농도 의존적으로 유의하게 증가시켰다. BG-E6는 대조군에 비해 석회화 형성을 170.3% 증가시켰고, 증류액인 BG-D와 BG-D6는 각각 168.5% 및 159.8%의 증가를 나타내었다. 시료별 차이에 있어 한약재 첨가군이 무첨가군보다 높았고, 증탕추출액이 증류액보다 높은 활성을 보였다. 세포의 칼슘 흡수량을 측정한 결과 모든 증탕추출액에서 활성이 증가하였고 특히 BG-E6와 BG-E8은 각각 615.5%와 628.1%로 유의적으로 가장 높은 증가율을 보였다. 증류액은 BG-D6의 1/10 농도군외에 효과가 없었다. 마우스 골수세포 유래 파골세포의 증식억제 실험결과 TNF-${\alpha}$ 만을 처리한 대조군에 비해 모든 시료군이 TRAP활성을 억제하는 경향을 나타내었다. 특히 BG-D 및 BG-E6, BG-E8은 유의하게 파골세포로의 분화를 억제하였다. 종합적으로 흑염소육을 비롯하여 황기, 홍화씨, 당귀, 황정, 속단, 우슬, 녹용 및 녹각 등 한약재의 복합추출물은 골 기능 강화에 매우 효과적인 기능성 원료가 될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.48-54
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• 2000

This experiment was carried out to investigated the changes in proximate composition, pH, thiobarbituric acid value(TBA) and fatty acid composition of pure jemsosojoo added medicinal herbs(JMH) and medicinal herbs (MH) during sotrage perid (30days) at 4$^{\circ}C$. Three black goat with 18-19 kg live weight were slaughtered to obtain samples from extracts. The results were as follows ; moisture, crude protein , crude fat content of PJ were higher than other treatment , but ash content in MH was higher than others. Chemical composition did not affect storage period. the ph of the PJ was ranged from 6.47-6.57 , the JMH was ranged from 5.05-5.09, the MH was ranged from 4.68-4.70. The pH of MH was lower than other treatment . The TBA value of all treatment were gradually increased during storage period. Oleic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid were major fatty acids of the PK and the JMH, Especially, linolenic acid and linolenic acid content were higher in the JMH than those of the PJ. Lipid oxidation tend to be delayed with the addition medicinal herbs.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.206-213
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• 2011

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of replacing barley and soybean meal in finishing diets with sesame hull (SH) on growth performance, digestibility, and carcass characteristics of Black goat kids. Twenty-one Black goat kids were assigned randomly to 0%, 10%, or 20% SH diets (7/diet). The study lasted for 63 d. Intakes of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), and crude protein (CP) of kids fed the 10% diet were greater (p<0.05) than for the 0% and 20% SH diets (p<0.10). Neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) intakes were highest (p<0.05) for kids fed the 10% SH diet when compared to 0% and 20% SH diets. Ether extract (EE) intake was greater (p<0.05) for kids fed 10% and 20% SH diets when compared to 0% SH. Digestibilities of DM, OM, CP, NDF, and ADF were similar among all diets. However, sesame hull inclusion increased (p<0.05) EE digestibility. Final body weight, total gain, average daily gain (ADG), and feed conversion ratio were comparable among all diets. Cost of gain was lower (p<0.05) in kids fed 20% SH than the 0% SH diet, while there was no difference between the 10% SH diet and the other two diets. Dressing percentage, hot and cold carcass weights, non-carcass components, carcass cut weights, and meat quality parameters were not influenced by SH. Total fat percentage in the leg was greater (p<0.05) on 0% SH than on the 10% SH diet. Results of this study demonstrated that inclusion of sesame hull at levels of 10 or 20% did not influence the performance of Black goat kids, but the cost of gain was lower.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제24권9호
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• pp.1217-1226
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• 2011

Finding alternative feeds, such as sesame hulls and Prosopis juliflora species can attenuate difficulties of feed shortage and reduce the cost of animal feed in arid and semi-arid countries. Thirty-two Black male kids with similar initial weights (BW = $16.7{\pm}0.80\;kg$) and $120{\pm}5\;d$ of age, were used to evaluate the effect of replacing barley grains and soybean meal with Prosopis juliflora pods (PJP) and sesame hulls (SH) on growth performance, digestibility and carcass and meat characteristics. Kids were equally divided into four dietary treatment groups for an 84-d fattening period. Treatment diets had similar crude protein (CP) and metabolizable energy (ME). The treatment groups were: (T1) no PJP nor SH, (T2) 10% PJP and 20% SH, (T3) 15% PJP and 15% SH, and (T4) 20% PJP and 10% SH. A tendency was detected (p<0.08) for dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), organic matter (OM) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) intakes that were greater for T2 than T3 and T4 while T1 was not different from all other treatment groups. Ether extract (EE) intake was the greatest (p<0.05) for T2 and the lowest for T1. Acid detergent fiber (ADF) intake was greater (p<0.05) for T2 than T1 while T3 and T4 were intermediate. Final live weight, average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were comparable among different treatment groups. Digestibility of DM, OM, CP, NDF and ADF were similar among all treatment groups, however, EE digestibility was the lowest (p<0.05) for T1 when compared to other treatments. In addition, nitrogen intake, nitrogen in urine and retained and retention percentages were similar among all treatment groups. However, N loss in feces was higher (p<0.05) for T2 than T3 and T4 while T1 was intermediate. No differences were observed among treatment groups with respect to fasting live weight, hot and cold carcass weights, dressing-out percentages, mesenteric fat, visceral organs, carcass cuts percentages and carcass linear dimensions. No differences were also observed for dissected loin, leg, rack and shoulder tissues except in the total bone % for loin cuts and in the meat to bone ratio for rack cuts. T3 has the greatest total bone % and the lowest meat to bone ratio when compared to all other treatment groups. No differences were observed between treatment groups in all quality characteristics of the longissimus muscle. The present study demonstrates the potential of using PJP and SH for growing kids without adverse effects on growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality.