• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.180-184
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• 2003

The intrauterine inseminator (IUI) was developed to provide the method of depositing dog semen into the uterine body instead of the vagina. The IUI consists of a vaginal endoscope, a balloon sheath, and injection catheter. When the endoscope is inserted into the vagina and the balloon expanded with air, the cervical os becomes visible so a injection catheter can be inserted through the cervix for deposition of the frozen-thawed semen. The efficacy of the IUI device was compared to intra-vaginal artificial insemination using semen that had been collected and frozen from pooled sperm-rich fraction of ejaculates collected from two Jindo dog donors. Aliquots of semen were extended with a Tris-egg yolk diluent, centrifuged, the seminal plasma removed, the pellet resuspended with the same diluent, and cooled to $5^{\circ}C$ over a 2 h period. A Tris-egg yolk-glycerol extender was added at $5^{\circ}C$; after 1 h, semen was loaded into 0.5 ml straws, and straws were frozen in LN vapor for 5 min, and immersed in LN for storage. The final sperm concentration for freezing was approximately $100{\times}10^{6}cells/ml$. The straws were thawed at $70^{\circ}C$ for precisely 6 sec, 1.5 ml Tris-egg yolk buffer at $38^{\circ}C$ added, and the 2 ml of thawed semen was used for a single insemination using the IUI device. Each bitch was inseminated at optimal insemination point, which was estimated by vaginal epithelial cells staining and progesterone concentration analysis. Use of the IUI device resulted in 21 of 26 females giving birth to 89 pups ($4.2{\pm}1.6$ pups per litter), while intra-vaginal AI resulted in 6 of 15 females whelping a total of 17 pups ($2.8{\pm}1.2$ pups per litter). We believe the IUI device is easier to use than previously described devices used for intrauterine insemination. In our experience the expansion of the balloon has a calming effect on the bitch that aids the inseminator. These results indicate that the IUI device was able to provide high fertility with 50 million frozen sperm per insemination and two inseminations.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.610-612
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• 2011

9 년령 암컷 콜리견이 복부 팽만, 식욕 부진 및 변비를 주증으로 본원에 내원하였다. X-ray, 초음파 및 CT 검사를 통하여 복강내 연부조직종괴를 확인하였으나 세포학적 검사에서 종양 세포는 관찰 할 수 없었다. 탐색적 개복술을 계획하였다. 크고 둥근 모양의 종괴가 우측 자궁각에 위치하는 것을 확인하고 난소자궁적출술을 실시하였다. 종괴의 크기는 $40{\times}25{\times}18$ cm 였으며 무게는 9.5 kg 이었다. 조직학적 검사를 통해 낭상자궁내막증식증(CEH)으로 진단하였다. CEH는 자궁 내용물이 감염되거나 자궁 축농증으로 이어짐에도 불구하고 임상 증상이 없는 경우가 많으므로 정확한 진단이 어렵다. 본 증례는 자궁 축농증을 동반하지 않은 매우 큰 크기의 국소성 낭상자궁내막증식증의 드문 예이다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.258-261
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• 2011

8연령의 암컷 요크셔 테리어견이 요실금을 주증으로 내원하였다. 환축은 요실금 증상이 나타나기 이전부터 다음다뇨 증상을 가지고 있었으며, 난소제거 8개월 이후 야뇨증이 나타났다. 신체검사 상에서 비만과 고혈압이 확인되었다. 실험실 검사에서 적혈구증가증, 지질혈증 및 간수치 증가가 관찰되었다. 다양한 검사를 통하여 난소제거 이후 발생한 요도 괄약근 기능부전증이 가장 의심되었다. 이와 더불어 본 환축은 부신피질기능 항진증을 가진 것으로 진단되었다. 합성 에스트로겐인 디에틸스틸베스테롤을 통한 치료적 접근에서 요실금 증상의 개선이 확인 되었으며, 이를 통하여 요도 괄약근 기능부전증이 요실금의 원인으로 확진 되었다. 결론적으로 본 증례는 부신피질기능 항진증과 더불어 암캐의 난소 제거 이후 발생한 요도 괄약근 기능부전의 임상증상과 실험실 검사 결과 그리고, 치료 반응에 대한 국내 첫 증례보고이다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.719-729
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• 1996

To investigate changes of estrus signs and genital organs in the bitch by hormonal induction of estrus, fourteen bitches of nulliparous and multiparous(2nd-5th) were grouped into diestrus and anestrus according to their estrus cycle. The hormonal treatments were divided into four groups: group A($PGF_2{\alpha}+PMSG+hCG$) and group B(PMSG+hCG) in diestrus bitches and group C(GnRH+FSH+hCG) and group D(PMSG+hCG) in anestrus bitches. The external signs of proestrus and estrus as well as the vaginal smear findings and natural breeding as estrus detection were investigated in all the experimental groups. Also, genital organs were examined at two months after the hormone treatment. The bitches in anestrus showed 100% of male attraction, vaginal bleeding and vulvar swelling as proestrus signs after the hormonal treatment for estrus induction and they showed higher numerical value of signs than the bitches in diestrus. The group A showed the lowest value in proestrous signs of all the groups. The bitches in anestrus treated with GnRH+FSH showed 100% of positive estrus by vaginal smear findings and 75% of natural breeding as estrus detection index and these values were the highest of all the groups. Pregnancy was recognized in only group C and the conception rate was 7.14% in al the experimental animals. Of the side effects after the hormone treatment, external findings of continous male attraction, continous external swelling and purulent exudate were recognized in all the experimental groups and the bitches in diestrus showed higher value of the findings than the bitches in anestrus. Of the changes of genital organs after the hormone treatment, hypertrophy of uterine horn, sanguineous exudate and purulent exudate as uterine findings were recognized in all the groups and these findings were shown more in the bitches in diestrus than in those in anestrus. These results indicated that group C showed the highest value of all the experimental groups in external signs of estrus and estrus detection and also pregnancy was recognized only in that group, consequently, that the hormonal treatment of group C would be the most effective for estrus induction, and also indicated that bitches in anestrus were more suitable than bitches in diestrus for the induction of estrus. In addition, side effects in external genital organs and uteri after hormone treatment were shown more in the bitches in diestrus than in those in anestrus, indicating that bitches in anestrus would be of choice for estrus induction.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.215-218
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• 2009

The dog breeding kennel bacterial infection are very significant in perinatal mortality. In many case, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus, and Escherichia coli were infected in intra-uterine or by the genital tract to the puppies, and they are cause of septicemic death of the puppies and clinical mastitis of bitch, leading to septicemic death of newborn puppies. Severe mastitis due to bacterial infection was diagnosed in a 2 year-old female Brittany Spaniel which loss 6 puppies with odor small rice sharp white diarrhea of nine puppies. Bright curd milk and intestinal sample were inoculated on MacConkey agar, blood agar and brain heart infusion agar, and incubated at $37^{\circ}C$ for 24-48 hrs. Gram negative colonies isolated from these sample which were characterized as Glu, Ure, $H_2S$, Orn, Cit, and Cl, and were identified by Microscan Walk-Aways Baxter, American Type Culture Collection, USA) as Proteus mirabils. The isolate was more sensitive to ampicillin, gentamicin, cefoxitin, cefuroxime, and cefazidime. In this results, we confirmed that cause bacteria of septicemic death in puppies was P. mirabilis.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.285-290
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• 2009

This study was performed to investigate the possibility of superfecundation by surgical intrauterine artificial insemination in dogs of confirmed genetic pedigree. Artificial insemination was performed on 3 days after ovulation with $1.3{\times}$ $10^8$ spermatozoa. Five puppies were delivered on 60 days after insemination. The ratio of the number of newborns to the number of corpora lutea was 83.3% (5/6). Parentage analysis with 10 canine-specific microstatellite markers demonstrated that one puppy was genetically relative to the sire-A family and four puppies were genetically relative to the sire-B. The present study demonstrated that two kinds of puppies with different genetic pedigree can be produced by surgical uterine insemination of semen of individual dog into each uterine horn of a bitch.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.457-466
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• 1992

An 11 years old Irish Setter bitch was euthanlzed and necropsied because of clinical findings such as severe purulent nasal discharge and formation of large tumor mass, 8 ${\times}$8cm in size, in the abdominal cavity. A complete unilateral mastectomy had been carried out twice 14 and 22 months before necropsy. The surgically removed masess of the mammary glands had been diagnosed as malignant mixed tumor in each time. Grossly, tumor masses were observed in nasal cavity, infralumbar lymph node, lung, abdominal cavityn and brain. Microscopic findings of the surgically removed masses consisted of tumor epithelial cells, tumor hyaline cartilage-like structures and abundant connective tissues. The mass of the lymph node had similar microscopic features to those of the original malignant mixed tumor of the mammary glands. The tumor osseous tissue and osteoid were observed in the abdominal cavity, lung, and brain. Myoepithelial cells were frequently found on association with the metastatic tumors. From the results, it was concluded that malignant mixed tumor of the mammary glands metastasized to the infralunbar lymph node, abdominal cavity, lung and brain. In addition, the observation in this study supported two theories at the same time that the bone in malignant mixed tumor arises by endochondral ossification of the cartilage formed by the myoepithelial cells and arises by intramembranous ossification of stromal connective tissue or transformed myeopithelial cells. Solid carcinoma of the nasal epielia and granulosa cell tumor were also diagnosed in a mass of the nasal cavity and of the ovaries respectively.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.331-336
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• 2017

A 2-year-old female Maltese dog was presented with a history of anemia and vaginal hemorrhagic discharge. Physical examination revealed severe vaginal hemorrhagic discharge, abdominal pain, pale mucous membranes, low blood pressure and dehydration. Results of serum biochemistry, hematology, venous blood gas, and electrolyte canine C-reactive protein (CRP) test revealed severe normocytic normochromic anemia, severe neutropenia, a high level of CRP, hypoglycemia, and imbalanced electrolytes. Abdominal ultrasound examination showed focal hypoechoic defect with loss of layering in uterine horn wall. A laparotomy revealed a clear reddish fluid in the abdomen, the fistula of left and right uterine horn, the purulent discharge from fistula, and symptoms of septic peritonitis near by the fistula site. The bitch underwent ovariohysterectomy and recovered without complication. Histopathological diagnosis of the uterine fistula site was adenocarcinoma.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.1106-1111
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• 1999

In a kenel of 62 dogs, 33 were diagnosed as infected dogs Brucella canis by serological test and blood cultures in a large kennel in Chonnam area. Twenty eight of 33 dogs were treated with combined antibiotics therapy consisting of tetracycline and dihydrostregtomycin. After the first treatment, all dogs became abacteremic and serologic titers declined. Abortion due to B canis infection could be prevented by antibiotic therapy during pregnancy. However, sequential antibiotics therapy for 4 weeks did not eradicate B canis from affected bitch. According to results of serological and blood culture tests, effect of antibiotics treatment respectively revealed that 17 of the originally infected dogs were cure with second therapy schedule at 2 months and 27 of that with 6 months after second therapy.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.301-304
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• 2020

The gestation period and parturition days were accurately predicted by measuring progesterone concentration in the plasma from 40 pregnant companion bitches. The mean length of the estrous cycle based on plasma progesterone concentrations were 8.14 ± 1.39 (Mean ± SD) days for proestrus, 9.19 ± 2.01 days for estrus, and 55.38 ± 1.96 days for diestrus phase, respectively. The gestation length from each based on the days was 65.61 ± 2.47 days from the first day of estrus after the first vaginal discharge, 63.21 ± 0.99 days from the day when plasma progesterone concentrations increase above 4.0 ng/ml, and 54.51 ± 3.51 days from the first day of diestrus, respectively. Therefore, the parturition day was estimated 65 days from the first day of estrus after the first vaginal discharge, 63 days from the day when plasma progesterone concentrations increase above 4.0 ng/ml, and 54 days from the first day of diestrus, respectively.