• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.1-8
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• 2002

The technology for the three-dimensional terrain perspective view can be used as an important factor in planning and designing for the various construction projects. In this study, the stereo image perspective view has been generated for the multi-dimension analysis by combining useful digital map and remotely sensed satellite images. In the course of experimenting with the three-dimensional topography generated by the combination of the orthopimage by the precise GCP and DEM from the contour line, the technology has been developed to offer the multi-dimensional access to the potential construction sites from the nearby main roads. This stereo image bird's eye view has made it possible to make multi-dimensional analysis on the terrain, which provides real-time virtual access to the designated construction sites and will be a versatile application for development planning and construction projects.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.57-67
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• 2019

Water-Birds are the birds that occupy the highest proportion in Korea, inland wetlands and reservoirs provide them with a good environment as habitat, but their habitats have been losing because of thoughtless development. Therefore, artificial plant islands in reservoirs are important for improving habitat environment and providing food resources. However, there are no research and standards on the built and management of artificial plant islands. So this study is to find out the density of bird using artificial plant island as habitat through monitoring using UAV focus on the Cheonho-reservoirs located in Seobuk-gu, Cheonan-si(Middle Chungcheong Province). Further, the correlation analysis with environmental factors was conducted to determine the effect of artificial plant islands as habitats for water-birds. The supervised classification of the three-time images taken by the drone identified 244 white-billed ducks and 46 mandarin ducks. The utilization rate was different for each photographed date, and more individuals were identified in wet artificial plant islands than dry ones. As a result of analyzing the utilization follow environmental factors, the distance from the trail showed a significant correlation, and the other factors did not have a statistically significant effect. This study is the first case of the UAV monitoring method of the water-birds using artificial plant islands in the reservoir, and can be used as the basic data for the built and management.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.32-41
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• 2004

Purpose : To measure the NMR relaxation properties of MnPC, to observe the characteristics of liver enhancement patterns on MR images in experimentally implanted rabbit VX2 tumor model, and to estimate the possibility of tissue specific contrast agent for MnPC in comparison with the hepatobiliary agent. Materials and Methods : Phthalocyanine (PC) was chelated with paramagnetic ions, manganese (Mn). 2.01 g (5.2 mmol) of phthalocyanine was mixed with 0.37 g (1.4 nlmol) of Mn chloride at $310^{\circ}C$ for 36 hours and then purified by chromatography ($CHCl_3:\;CH_3OH=98:2$, volume ratio) to obtain 1.04 g $(46\%)$ of MnPC (molecular weight = 2000 daltons). The T1/T2 relaxivity (R1/R2) for MnPC were determined at a 1.5 T (64 MHz) MR spectrometer. VX2 tumor model was experimentally implanted in the liver parenchyma of rabbits. All MR studies were performed on 1.5 T. The human extremity radio frequency coil of a bird cage type was employed. MR images were acquired at 17 to 24 days after VX2 carcinoma implantation.4 mmol/kg MnPC and 0.01 mmol/kg Mn-DPDP were injected via the ear vein of rabbits. T1-weighted images were obtained with spin-echo (TR/TE=516/14 msec) and fast multiplanar spoiled gradient recalled (TR/TE : 80/4 msec, $60^{\circ}$ flip angle) pulse sequence. Fast spin-echo (TR/TE=1200/85 msec) was used to obtain the T2-weighted images. Results : The value of T1/T2 relaxivity (R1/R2) of MnPC was $7.28\;mM^{-1}S^{-1}$ and $55.56\;mM^{-1}S^{-1}$ respectively at 1.5 T (64 MHz). Because the T2 relaxivity of MnPC that bonded strongly, covalently manganese with phthalocyanine was very high, the signal intensity of liver parenchyma was decreased on postcontrast T2-weighted images and we could easily distinguish the VX2 carcinoma within the liver parenchyma. When MnPC was administrated intravenously, the tumor margin delineation was more remarkable than Mn-DPDP-enhanced images. The enhancement of liver parenchyma with MnPC persisted at relatively high levels over at least one hour after injection of the contrast agents. Conclusion : The hepatic uptake and biliary excretion of MnPC, which are similar to Mn-DPDP, suggest that this agent is a new liver-specific agent. Also, MnPC seems to be used as a dual contrast agent (T1 and T2) with high T2 relaxivity. However, it is warranted that MnPC needs further investigation as a potential contrast agent for MR imaging of the liver. That is, further characterizations of MnPC are needed in vivo and in vitro before clinical trials. The diagnostic potential of MnPC will also have to be examined more in the animal models of additional types.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.79-90
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• 2013

The altitude range of habitats in which Fairy Pitta inhabited in 1960s is different from the present in Jeju Island. We studied on the habitat environment to understand the causes of difference through the comparison of satellite image data(Landsat) between 1975 and 2002, the literature review in relation to habitats, vegetations, and forest landscapes. The area of below 600m asl.(above sea level) where is mainly Fairy Pitta inhabited at the present with a lot of forests, was massive pasture with small isolated forests nearby valley. The forests were broad-leaved evergreen forests, and second forests with poor condition in the size and forest structure. The forests around 700m asl. were also second forests with approximately 3m height trees. The forests from 800m to 1300m asl. were also disturbed by mushroom cultivation by local people. The authors believe that Fairy Pitta could not inhabited in the area above 1300m because of the poor forest conditions in the size and structure in which consist of Ilex crenata, Rhododendron mucronulatum var. ciliatum and coppice forests. Therefore it might be possible that the best forests for the Fairy Pitta habitat were located in the area of 1,000m to 1,300m above sea level in 1960s. Compared to present habitats, forests at 100m up to 800m above sea level, the authors believe that the size of habitats were smaller with less population of Fairy Pitta. Since 1960s the forest landscape of Jeju Island has been improved successfully, and because of that the population of Fairy Pitta also has been increased. To protect the Fairy Pitta and habitats in Jeju Island, it is suggested that sustainable forest management focusing on the species composition and stand structure maintain or enhance the biodiversity.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.57-65
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• 2012

This work attempted to study the properties of expression of ground, the composition of outlook and the implications of the connotative symbolic scenery throughout investigating the properties of expression content and method of the scenery, outlook, viewpoint, natural features for each drawing and intention of making 4 old maps, which had been made in the period of the Great Korean Empire and had been called 'Wansan-dohyoung(完山圖形),' 'Jogyeongdan- bigak-jaesil-dohyoung(肇慶壇碑閣齋室圖形),' 'Jeonju-geonjisan-dohyoung(全州乾止山圖形)' and 'Jogyeongmyo-gyounggijeon-dohyoung(肇慶廟慶基殿圖形),' and analyzing the correlation between their drawings. For this aim, observatory investigation by using a map, on-spot investigation, analysis involving the satellite images and internet were carried out with literature review simultaneously. The result of investigation could be sum up as follows. Gyounggijeon(1410), Jogyeongmyo(1771) and Jogyeongdan(1899), where are the core space to lay the historically firm foundation for securing the fact Jeonju is the home of the Royal Family of Joseon, had been built, fixed and extended for giving legitimacy to the Joseon Dynasty and a part of strengthening of royal authority. And these had played an important role of spiritual mainstay from early in the Joseon Dynasty to the era of the Great Korean Empire and had been managed and maintained continuously. It is grasped that the 4 maps consist of Sanhyuoungdo(山形圖; a kind of a mountain map), which is the map for showing a burial place of Lee Han(李翰), the founder of the Joseon Dynasty, and its auxiliary drawings and these had been drawn intensively to justify dignity and authority of the Imperial Family and the Emperor after the name of country was renamed the Great Korean Empire as a part of national undertaking. In detail, Wansan-doghyoung is the key map for announcing the existence of Jogyeong-myo, Gyounggijeon and Jogyeongdan in Jeonju and informing their locations and Geonjisan-dohyoung is the map of divination based on topography for highlighting the geomantic justification of the founder's mausoleum. Jogyeongdan-bigak-jaesil-dohyooung is the partial map detailing for Geonjisan-dohyoung. Jeonju-geonjisan-dohyoung and Jogyeongmyo-gyounggijeon-dohyoung had employed the binary reduced scale and the bird-eye view method and in the above maps, Geonji Mountain is the main mountain and these maps make an exaggeration of the main geographical features, centering Wangjabong and Euimyoso, unlike the real geographical features. Also, the other main geographical features, which are found in the burial place, are expressed in detail by changing the view. In the point of view of 1 set being consisted of 4 maps, 'Wansan-dohyoung' has the property not only as Gunhyoundo, which Gun and Hyoun mean a unit of the administrative district, respectively and Gynhyoundo is a kind of the map for recording their locations, but also as the map of showing their locations. On the other side, 'Jogyoungmyogyounggijeondohyoung' is a kind of lay-out drawing as a partially detailed map. In addition, it has been found out that 'Jeonju-geonjisan-dohyoung' and 'Jogyeongdan-bigak-jaesil-dohyoung' is not only Pungsu- hyounggukdo having the function of Sanhyoungdo but also a detail drawing. On the base of these properties, it is considered that the functionality as a serial map had been strengthened, unlike the existing old maps.